Norman expedition to Tripoli (1143) explained

Conflict:Norman Expedition to Tripoli
Partof:Norman conquest of North Africa
Date:1143
Place:Tripoli, Libya
Result:Khazrunid victory
Combatant1:Khazrunid Dynasty
Combatant2: Kingdom of Sicily
Commander1:Muhammad ibn Khazrun
Commander2: Roger II
Strength1:Unknown
Strength2:Unknown
Casualties1:Unknown
Casualties2:Unknown

The Norman Expedition to Tripoli was one of the many conflicts between the Kingdom of Sicily and the Zirids allied with the Banu Khazrun, where the Normans attempted to expand their influence in North Africa.

Expedition

Roger II initiated an expedition in 1143 with the objective of capturing Tripoli, an additional port under the dominion of Banu Khazrun which controlled a part of Ifriqiya. The expedition was unsuccessful because the neighboring Banu Khazrun tribes staunchly defended the city.[1] [2] [3]

Aftermath

After the failure of the 1143 expedition, Norman fleets instead conducted raids along the Maghreb coast, extending as far as contemporary western Algeria, through 1144 and 1145. A famine by 1146 forced the people of the city to drive out the Banu Khazrun. Roger was able to take the city in 1146 or 1147 at last because of this. Around this time, the dynasty's rule came to an end, and the Normans began to exert influence over the coastal cities in this area.[4] [5] [6]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Theotokis, Georgios . Warfare in the Norman Mediterranean . 2020 . Boydell & Brewer . 978-1-78327-521-2 . en.
  2. Book: Birk, Joshua C. . Norman Kings of Sicily and the Rise of the Anti-Islamic Critique: Baptized Sultans . 2017-01-11 . Springer . 978-3-319-47042-9 . en.
  3. Book: Bosworth, C. Edmund . Historic Cities of the Islamic World . 2007-08-31 . BRILL . 978-90-474-2383-6 . en.
  4. Book: The encyclopaedia of Islam. 2008,1 . 2008 . Brill . 978-90-04-16165-8 . Leiden.
  5. Christie . Niall . 2017-06-01 . The Race for Paradise: An Islamic History of the Crusades. By Paul M. Cobb. (Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2014. Pp. xxii, 335. $31.95.) . The Historian . 79 . 2 . 327–328 . 10.1111/hisn.12508 . 149008891 . 0018-2370.
  6. Book: Johns, Jeremy . Arabic Administration in Norman Sicily . 2002-10-07 . Cambridge University Press . 10.1017/cbo9780511550386 . 978-0-521-81692-2.