Non-Summit Explained

Alt Name:Abnormal Summit
Genre:Talk-variety show
Starring:
Country:South Korea
Language:Korean
Num Seasons:1
Num Episodes:177
List Episodes:List of Non-Summit episodes
Executive Producer:
  • Lim Jung-ah
  • Cho Seung-wook
Director:
  • Kim Hee-jung
  • Kim No-eun
  • Kim Jae-won
  • Jeong Jae-hoon
  • Sung Han
  • Kang Hong-joo
Runtime:75–85 minutes
Network:JTBC
Korean name
Rr:Bijeongsanghoedam
Mr:Pijŏngsanghoedam
Color:lavender

Non-Summit, also known as Abnormal Summit, is a South Korean television program on JTBC which first aired on July 7, 2014.[1] The show features a panel of non-Korean men, living in South Korea, who debate on various topics and "Korean culture, through the eyes of a foreigner,"[2] in a talk show format, in the Korean language.[3] [4] The show concluded its first season on December 4, 2017 with Episode 177, with no set date for a new season.[5] [6]

Development

The show started productions with veteran Lim Jung-ah, who produced Star Edition, and co-produced, with Yeo Woon-hyuk, variety shows MBC's Radio Star, and JTBC's Men's Stuff, after coming over to the cable company, from the major networks, in 2011.[7] [8] [9]

The show's format, presented with humor, is meant to emulate a meeting of world leaders, like Doctors Without Borders, i.e. "Youth Without Borders"; or the United Nations, or G11, and is hosted by Jun Hyun-moo "Chairman", Yoo Se-yoon "Secretary General", and Sung Si-kyung[7] "Chairman", with guest appearances by South Korean celebrities, guest "representatives", who announce the weekly topics. The stated mission: "The youth group, without borders, Non-Summit, is a variety show, that strives for peace and security, for the world's youth, by speaking on agendas, and debating with abnormals, who insist they're representatives."[10]

The show has been compared to KBS2's 2006 Global Talk Show (Misuda), which had female foreigners discussing global issues.[11] Host Yoo Se-yoon said their new show would go a step further than getting to know one another's cultures, and would include problem solving, coming up with "what's better, together." Lim said the show's in-depth discussions made fluency in Korean the number one standard for casting the global guests. Lim said, "The cast of foreign people was because, although Korea is reinforcing its position on the global stage right now, it still is just one country among many others. And I thought perceiving the problems of Koreans who are in their 20s and 30s, in a universal perspective, was necessary."[12]

Production changes

Along with 7 new and 2 returning representatives, a reorganization of the show (ep. 103 onward) also introduced some changes to the show's production crew. Chief Producer (CP) Lim Jung-ah was replaced by Cho Seung-wook,[5] [13] [14] who created KBS2 Yahaengsung or Night Star, and Hidden Singer after joining JTBC.[9] [15] [16] PD Kim Hee-jung, also with the show since the beginning, was replaced by Kim No-eun of JTBC's Off to School and .[17] [18]

Cast

See main article: List of Non-Summit cast members.

Original cast

The show's format of a summit, refers to the foreign cast, eleven at time the show first aired, as "Representatives" from their individual countries, who make up an International panel.[10] [19] Promotions and news reports noted several of them for the notoriety they had made for themselves prior to the show:United Kingdom's James Hooper, National Geographic explorer and mountain climber; Canada's Guillaume Patry, professional StarCraft pro-gamer;[20] Japan's Takuya Terada, a model and member of K-pop multi-national group Cross Gene;[21] [22] Italy's Alberto Mondi, a Fiat foreign car dealer; China's TV announcer Zhang Yu'an; and United States's Tyler Rasch, a scholar at Seoul National University,[23] who runs a webzine about Seoul.[11]

Others came to South Korea, as students and young workers: Belgium's Julian Quintart, former student with Rotary Youth Exchange, singer/actor/TV personality;[22] [24] [25] France's Robin Deiana, former exchange student at Konkuk University, model;[22] and Australia's Daniel Snoeks, the youngest, followed by Terada, is best known for his tattoos.[24] [26] [27]

Ghana's Sam Okyere, who has appeared on other variety shows in South Korea,[28] [29] a graduate of Sogang University, and official ambassador for seaweed in Wando in South Korea,[30] became known for his mischievous behavior.[31] Turkey's Enes Kaya, who acted in the Korean film Haunters, became an outgoing debater on the panel.[11] [22]

In an interview about the show's "debate" style, Julian Quintart said he hoped the program to be an introduction to South Korea to the debate culture, and expressed the importance of having healthy discussions, with consideration of the opponent's view. Takuya Terada addressed the sensitive topic of the Asian countries, that come up in the debates, "Japan, Korea, and China are all close to each other, but if you look at their history, they’re really far apart. Since the histories are all different, it can only be a delicate topic, but through this program, I’m glad we can talk about it and take the time to understand each other.”[32]

2014

On Episode 5, Daniel Lindemann from Germany, who studied Korean language at University of Bonn and works at a Korean company;[1] [10] [33] replaced United Kingdom's James Hooper, who has left for Australia to work on a PhD.[34]

Visiting "intern" representatives, made up of male foreign students and workers in South Korea, were added to the cast, and filled in for vacationing, or otherwise missing, representatives on Episodes 11, 12, 13, and 17.[35] [36] [37] [38]

On October 23, 2014, media reported that Daniel Snoeks would be leaving the show to return to his studies in Australia, and had taped a final appearance for the Episode 17, October 27 show.[39] One of the show's directors, Kim Hee-jung confirmed the report; and the news stated that plans were being made to replace the empty seat with visiting "intern" representatives to show a "more diverse culture."[40]

On December 2, 2014, media reported Enes Kaya's alleged involvement in a scandal.[41] [42] Kaya released a statement denying the allegations, but said that he would voluntarily leave the show to not cause damages.[43] [44]

2015

On January 6, 2015, media reported that visiting intern representatives Ilya Belyakov, Blair Williams, and Sujan Shakya would become fixed cast members, changing the show's original G11 format to a G12 setup.[45] [46] Russia's Belyakov, the visiting intern on Episode 20, studied at Yonsei University, and works as a medical translator. He has been in Korea for eleven years and said he wants to "break prejudices of Russia" and talk about Russia's relationship with America and China.[45] [46] [47] Williams, from Australia, who was on Episode 22, and also attended Yonsei University, after double majoring in business management and Korean at University of Queensland, works as a marketing strategist.[45] [46] [48] And Nepal's Shakya, from Episode 27, has been in Korea since 2010, studies urban planning at Dankook University and hopes to bring awareness to Nepal and teach others about his country.[45] [46] [49]

On June 20, 2015, Director Kim Hee-jung announced that six members of the cast, Belyakov, Quintart, Shakya, Deiana, Williams and Terada, would be leaving. She said the change was in order to introduce new cultures and for viewers to hear the reactions of other countries; with new members to be announced on July 6.[50] [51] [52] The six members said farewells, in the show's one-year anniversary retrospective, on June 29, Episode 52,[53] and later, met with fans and planned an August concert.[54] [55] Media reported viewers' mixed reactions to the cast changes, in particular, from a fan club of Russian representative Belyakov, and opinions that the cast was already doing well, with Belyakov and Quintart's contributions especially noted.[56] [57] [58] [59]

The new cast announced on July 1, 2015, included Samy Rashad El-Baz from Egypt, a graduate student in Korean language and literature at Seoul National University and a previous intern who appeared on Episode 11; and first time to appear: Przemysław Krompiec, Poland (Chung-Ang University doctoral student and model[60]), Carlos Gorito, Brazil (Education Advisor at the Embassy of Brazil in Seoul; Science and Technology Section and Academic Exchange Programs[61]), Nikolai Johnsen, Norway (graduate student in international studies at Korea University), Andreas Varsakopoulos, Greece (UMass Boston M.A. in applied linguistics,[62] high school English teacher in Cheongju) and Yuta Nakamoto, Japan (a K-pop idol trainee with SM Rookies[63]).[64] [65]

In September 2015, Director Kim Hee-jung announced the show would be adding more diversity by scheduling appearances with new "visiting intern" representatives, including those already invited from Thailand and Mexico.[66]

At the end of December 2015, Japanese representative Nakamoto left the show after Episode 78 to prepare for his debut as a singer with his contracted company, S.M. Entertainment.[67]

2016

In the beginning of June 2016, media announced cast (and production) changes expected for Episode 103, with nine members leaving - Zhang, Rasch and Okyere, (on the show from Episode 1), Lindemann (joined on Episode 5) and Krompiec, Gorito, Johnsen, Rashad El Baz and Varsakopoulos (joined on Episode 53).[17] [18] One reviewer said the show would have trouble finding a substitute for the consistently intelligent level of discussion Rasch had brought to the show.[18]

Episode 103 began with a reorganization of nine representatives which included two remaining members Patry and Mondi.[5] They were joined by new members: Mark Tetto (United States), (B.S. chemistry Princeton University, MBus Wharton, Chief Financial Officer Vingle),[68] [69] a prior intern on Episode 24, and first time to appear: "Lucky" Abhishek Gupta (India), (CEO agriculture importing company),[70] Zahid Hussain (Pakistan), (B.S. electrical engineering Korea University, M.B.A. Sungkyunkwan University, Project Manager CK Solar Co.),[71] Mao Yifeng (China), (studied Chonnam National University, Executive at wedding planning company and DJ),[70] Aurelien Loubert (France), (French instructor at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies),[70] [72] Alex Mazzucchelli (Switzerland) (B.S. economics University of Essex, M.S. international business economics City University London, Strategy Manager Enso Group),[73] and Niklas Klabunde (Germany) (East Asian studies Heidelberg University, model).[70] [74] [75]

After the new cast were introduced on Episode 103, subsequent episodes no longer previewed starring cast members. After Episode 105, three additional visiting intern/representatives were added as recurring cast, Christian Burgos (Mexico), (video producer), previously on Episode 68 and newer interns, Ogi Hitoshi (Japan), (Keio University graduate, animation company emoticon designer), and Wang Xinlin (China), (Dalian Jiaotong University electrical engineering graduate, Seoul National University mechanical engineering doctoral student).[76] [77] [78]

On July 22, 2016, Mondi responded about the cast changes and he and Patry being the two selected to stay, "There were so many other members who speak better Korean than us....and there were other members who were funnier." About the changed atmosphere, he said, "Since different people are on, a new kind of Non-Summit may appear."[79]

In late August 2016, Chinese representative Mao Yifeng, who appeared on Episodes 103 and 104, was deleted from the show's cast list and promotional posters.[80] [81]

2017

On the 144th episode it was announced that India representative Lucky Abhishek Gupta would leave the show due to personal business.[82]

List of episodes, topics and guests

See main article: List of Non-Summit episodes.

Season 1 (first part)

2014

Ep. #DateTopicGuest representative(s)Guest
country
of origin
1July 7Independence from parentsJang Dong-min
2July 14Pre-marital co-habitationJung So-ra, Lee Guk-joo,
3July 21Career pursuitShin Hae-chul
4July 28DatingOh Na-mi, Soyou,
5August 4Compulsory sex educationSkull, Haha,
6August 11Interpersonal relationshipsJo Se-ho
7August 18MarriageAhn Young-mi, Hong Seok-cheon,
8August 25Seoul livingYook Joong-wan, Kang Joon-woo,
9September 1Raising childrenKim Gu-ra
10September 8Chuseok specialSam Hammington
11September 15Job application requirementsJohn Park
12September 22Internet/Smartphone usageJo Kwon
13September 29Spending money on friendsYoo Sang-moo
14October 6Maintaining good healthLee Yoon-suk
15October 13ParentingPark Ji-yoon
16October 20Korean and foreign languagesChang Kiha
17October 27Dreams and happinessKim Sung-kyun
18November 3Break-ups, divorceGong Hyung-jin
19November 10Love, romance problemsJang Yoon-ju
20November 17Generation gapEunhyuk, Kyuhyun,
21November 24The bond of brothersKim Bum-soo
22December 1SexismBobby Kim, Sayuri Fujita,
23December 8Crime and SafetyKangin, Zhou Mi,
24December 15EntrepreneurshipLee Sang-min
25December 22Christmas specialYoon Min-soo, Ryu Jae-hyun,
26December 29Year end special[83]

2015

Ep.#DateTopicGuest representative(s)Guest
country
of origin
27January 5PhilanthropySean Noh
28January 12Private educationKim Kwan
29January 19Anger and ragePark Chul-min
30January 26Noblesse oblige and corruptionSeo Jang-hoon
31February 2Study abroad and immigrationKang Yong-suk
32February 9Lies and rumorsKangnam
33February 16James Hooper special updateJames Hooper
34February 23Retirement plansKim Kwang-kyu
35March 2Fashion trendsMoon Hee-joon
36March 9Midlife crisisYoon Do-hyun
37March 16WealthHong Jin-ho, Kang Kyun-sung,
38March 23TelevisionJo Young-nam
39March 30New academic termKim So-yeon
40April 6Food and eatingKim Tae-woo
41April 13Conscience and moralityBaek Ji-young
42April 20LookismKim Jun-hyun
43April 27Gifted educationJang Jin
44May 4JobsHuh Young-man
45May 11House owningSong Eun-i, Kim Sook,
46May 18Hate speech and hate crimeChin Jung-kwon
47May 25LeadershipOnew, Choi Min-ho,
48June 1Laughter and happinessKim Young-chul
49June 8LawRobert Holley
50June 15Value of ageJo Min-ki
51June 22War and PeaceChin Jung-kwon
52June 291st Anniversary Special
53July 6Good countries to liveHwang Kwanghee
54July 13MERS Crisis in South KoreaHwang Seok-jeong
55July 20DesireIm Won-hee, Son Ho-jun,
56July 27Correct answerLee Hoon
57August 3World economy, Greek financial crisisChoi Jin-ki
58August 10Dangers of science and technologyJoon Park
59August 17Gender roleHong Jin-kyung
60August 24MulticulturalismJeong Jun-ha
61August 31Decision-makingJang Do-yeon
62September 7National psyche and country developmentHeo Kyung-hwan
63September 14Environmental protectionYenny, Hyelim,
64September 21Working vs. getting educationBeenzino
65September 28Chuseok Special
66October 5Ill-fated relationshipsPark Mi-sun
67October 12CreativityHa Sang-wook
68October 19Importance of eating breakfastSam Kim
69October 26Miscommunication between men and womenJo Jung-chi, Jung-in,
70November 2A world without crimePyo Chang-won
71November 9Social polarizationHwang Chi-yeul
72November 16Personal privacy and privacy lawEun Ji-won
73November 23Part-time work impeding career advancementLee Hong-gi
74November 30BoastingPark Na-rae
75December 7War on TerrorChin Jung-kwon, Robin Deiana
76December 14Making a good first impressionWoo Hyeon
77December 21Legendary musicBae Cheol-soo
78December 282015 top global issuesJung Sang-hoon

2016

Ep.#DateTopicGuest representative(s)Guest
country
of origin
79January 4UtopiaKim Jung-man
80January 11Interest in politicsNa Kyung-won
81January 18Love of petsHan Ye-seul
82January 25Personal brandingRhyu Si-min
83February 1DebtHwang Jae-geun
84February 8Couple's holiday fightingKim Sook, Yoon Jung-soo,
85February 15Real friendshipJang Dong-min, Yu Sang-moo,
86February 22Mainstream and non-mainstreamLee Byeong-heon
87February 29Children's life satisfactionKwon Oh-joong
88March 7Planning for older age while youngJonghyun, Taemin,
89March 14The 3rd HallyuYoon Sang-hyun
90March 21Time managementSandeul, Baro,
91March 28Understanding people's behavior using dataSong Gil-young
92April 4Neighbor problemsJi Suk-jin
93April 11Comparing yourself to othersLee Chun-soo
94April 18Wanting constant attention from othersMuzie, Lee Mal Nyeon,
95April 25Minimalist lifestyleWheesung, K.Will,
96May 2Conspiracy theoriesJung Eun-ji (Apink)
97May 9Ageing gracefully (or not)Youn Yuh-jung
98May 16Syrian refugee crisis[84] [85] Jung Woo-sung
99May 23Natural disastersYoon Shi-yoon, Kwak Si-yang,
100May 30100th Episode Special, Part 1[86] [87] Prior cast: James Hooper,
Julian Quintart, Robin Deiana,
Takuya Terada, Ilya Belyakov,
Blair Williams, Sujan Shakya		, etc.
101June 6100th Episode Special, Part 2Prior cast: James Hooper,
Julian Quintart, Robin Deiana,
Takuya Terada, Ilya Belyakov,
Blair Williams, Sujan Shakya		, etc.
102June 13HappinessKim Jaeduck, Tony An,

Season 1 (second part, after reorganization)

2016

Ep.#DateTopicGuest representative(s)Guest
country
of origin
103June 20Introduce new cast——
104June 27Brexit / Working in a foreign countryCao Lu
105July 4Sad songsYoon Jong-shin
106July 11NicknamesMin Kyung-hoon
107July 18Recent ISIS attacks / Standards of beautyHan Jin
108July 25South China Sea dispute / Living with othersHan Ye-ri, Han Seung-yeon,
109August 1Recent U.S. police shootings / Break from workTak Jae-hoon
110August 8Conscription / Real and dream lifeSandara Park
111August 14National Liberation Day of Korea specialCho Seung-yeon
112August 22Science fiction films / Organizing group venturesKim Joon-ho
113August 29No kids zone / City life /
On-site visit to Mark's Bukchon Hanok Village home
114September 5Eurojackpot / Solving cold cases
115September 12Burkini/Burqa ban / The role of journalistsAhn Na-kyung
116September 19Duterte's War on Drugs / CompetitionOh Ji-ho
117September 26Drinking water / Modern mental illnessHoran
118October 3Kim Young-ran Act / Wanting to be adultMC Gree
119October 10Charity / Colonization of Mars / Theatre, film attendanceCho Jae-hyun
120October 17Product recall / Single parent and non-traditional familiesKim Jung-eun
121October 24Mitochondrial donation / AffairsSong Ji-hyo
122October 31Foreign real estate investment / Original restaurants, productsKangta
123November 72016 United States presidential election / Collections, hobbiesPark Hae-jin
124November 14US presidential election results / 2016 S. Korean &<br />historical protests / Preparing for CSATKang Sung-tae[88]
125November 21Black Friday / Emergency medicineNamkoong In (physician, essayist)
126November 28Pseudonyms / Audition, survivor TV showsZhou Jieqiong & Jeon So-mi (I.O.I),
127December 5Bob Dylan's Nobel Prize in Literature / Expressing opinions franklySeo Yu-ri
128December 12Fidel Castro's death / World's taboosKim Nam-gil, Moon Jeong-hee,
129December 19Government hearings / Tobacco packaging warning messages /
Single life culture		Lena Park
130December 26Flight incidents/ Indian monetary reform / Extreme jobsPark Jin-joo

2017 (ep. 131ep. 177)

Ep.#DateTopicGuest representative(s)Guest
country
of origin
131January 9The world in 2017Cho Seung-yeon (2nd time)
132January 16Interpol arrests / Ambulance costs / Late bloomersKim Min-kyo
133January 23Barack Obama's farewell address / Organ donation /
Trusting others & scams		Kim Jong-min
134January 30Lunar New Year Special / Making good plans /
Xinlin takes cast members on tour of Seoul		Kim Yong-man
135February 6National turning points / DietingSeulgi & Wendy (Red Velvet)[89]
136February 13Trump's travel ban / Magic and supernatural powers Lee Eun-gyeol
137February 20Presidential families' privacy / OptimismCha Hong
138February 27Kim Jong-nam assassination / School daysLee Tae-il & Park Kyung (Block B),
139March 6Top jobs / Chelsea Manning commutation / Platonic loveYoon Jin-seo
140March 13Oscars political speeches / Globalizing Korean food Hwang Kyo-ik (food columnist)[90]
141March 20Impeachment of Park Geun-hye / THAAD in South Korea / Living with natureChoi Min-yong
142March 28Shinzō Abe unpopularity and resignation / Striving to succeedJang Yun-jeong
143April 3Air quality index ratings / Public broadcasting, stereotypes / TeamworkSojin & Yura (Girl's Day),
144April 10Cost of living ratings / Assault penalties / Family communicationYoon Je-moon, Jung So-min,
145April 17Yoo Byung-jae
146April 24Work and family / Parental leaveMickey Kim (Google APAC Director)[91] [92]
147May 1Best airports / United Express Flight 3411 incident / SleepKim Se-jeong & Kim Na-young (Gugudan),
148May 82017 South Korean presidential election / Living for today or the future,
149May 15Pessimistic outlook / Adult educationSohn Mina (travel writer),[93] Sam Okyere,
150May 22Students' satisfaction / Animals and petsYoon Park
151May 29Insurance / Popular sportsKim Yeon-koung
152June 5Label / DanceHyoyeon, Minzy,
153June 12Country leaders / Music is common world languageSumi Jo
154June 19Smartphone usage / Korean pop idol fandom cultureSon Na-eun & Park Cho-rong (Apink),
155June 26Communicating / Married or single lifeSteven Yeun, Han Hye-yeon (designer)/,
156July 3Best travel destinations / Finding a suitable careerMichael K. Lee, Go Eun-sung (musical actor)[94] ,
157July 10Mysterious stories / Looking too youngSeo Shin-ae
158July 17Health and diseasesHong Hye-geol & Yeo Esther (physicians, writers),
159July 24Popular museums / Personal relationshipsJung Yong-hwa
160July 31Consumer boycotts / Child disciplineAhn Jae-wook
161August 7Abnormal weather / Urban legends & ghost storiesKim Min-ah (JTBC weathercaster), Yum Jung-ah,
162August 14Pets / Food of the futureYu Min-sang & Kim Jun-hyun (comedians),
163August 21The world of literatureKim Young-ha
164August 282017 North Korea crisis / Making a filmLee Sang-bok (JTBC political reporter and host of Political Desk), Luc Besson,
165September 4Regulating fake news / Legislature arbitrationChung Sye-kyun
166September 11Tax policies / InfotainmentJo Woo-jong (broadcaster), Kang Ji-young (JTBC announcer),
167September 18Mental health / Working after retirementYang Jae-woong (psychiatrist), Kang Sue-jin,
168September 25Special Chuseok travel show with cast members
Loubert & Ogi (with brothers & nephew)		Jun Hyun-moo & Yoo Se-yoon (show hosts),
169October 9Languages and alphabetsCho Seung-yeon (3rd time)
170October 16Autumn leaf color / Wedding songsK.Will (2nd time)
171October 23Misdemeanors / Life and deathSung Ji-ru, Jeon Mi-seon,
172October 30UNESCO and United Nations issues / FashionMinho & Taemin (SHINee) (2nd time),
173November 6Catalonia independence / Energy conservationKo Ji-yong
174November 13Drinking culture / Emotional laborPark Hye-jin (broadcaster)
175November 20State visits / Nostalgia and memoryJang Hang-jun, Kim Mu-yeol,
176November 27Holiday charitable donations and acts / Children's educationShin-Soo Choo
177December 4Sailing around the world / Retrospective for show's hiatusKim Seung-jin (documentary film producer, sailor)[95] [96]

Episode firsts

Outdoor filming
  • On September 2015, the show announced that the episode 65, September 28 Chuseok Special would be the first outdoor filming for the show, to take place in a traditional hanok house in Gyeonggi-do with the cast dressed in holiday hanbok and celebrating with traditional games and foods of the world.[97] Again, on August 29, 2016, part of episode 113 was filmed at representative Mark Tetto's hanok home in Bukchon Hanok Village, with some of the cast.[98]
    V-app fan meeting
  • On October 5, 2015, cast members met with fans on South Korea's Naver V-app[99] for the first time, just prior to the airing of episode 66, with Patry, Mondi, Zhang and Lindemann introducing the Thai intern.[100] [101] And again on November 30, 2015, on episode 74, Yoo, Patry, Zhang, Krompiec introduced the Cambodian intern.[102]
    Female interns
  • On July 18, 2016, episode 107, the fifth show of Season Two, included the first two female interns as guests, Adela Borowiak from Poland and Najafizadeh Sudeh from Iran.[103]
    Hollywood actor intern/guest
  • On August 22, 2016, episode 112, England's Simon Pegg, the first Hollywood actor, appeared as an "intern/representative" on the show.[104]
    Minor age guest
  • On October 3, 2016, 17-year-old rapper, and television personality MC Gree, the show's first minor guest, discussed wanting to be an adult on Episode 118.[105]
    Out of country filming
  • On September 25, 2017, episode 168 was a special Chuseok travel show with hosts Jun and Yoo meeting brothers of cast members Loubert and Ogi in Tokyo and Kurashiki, Japan, respectively.[106] [107]

    Spin-off

    Where Is My Friend's Home

    See main article: Where Is My Friend's Home. On February 7, 2015, JTBC aired a new reality television-travel show Where Is My Friend's Home where the same cast and presenters visit the various countries of the foreign representatives.[108]

    Reception

    Media and ratings

    In August 2014, Star News accounted the successful reception of the show to the majority of the foreign panel already knowing about Korea's cultural experiences and history. This enabled Korean audiences to have the chance to think more of Korea itself.[109]

    Episode 10 received the show's highest national viewership rating, to date, by Nielsen Korea, of 6%.[110] Episode 11 ratings rose to 6.8% and exceeded the previous high.[111]

    On July 7, 2015, a Korea Herald reviewer of the show's first airing of six new cast members, complimented them for having a serious political debate on issues like the Greek financial crisis, Sino-Norwegian relations and the history of Japanese nationalism; saying they demonstrated "a seasoned maturity and the potential for a significant impact beyond simple entertainment."[112]

    On November 17, 2017, as the show prepared to go on hiatus after Episode 177, Korea JoongAng Daily reporter Hong You-kyoung said, "The show’s ratings have remained steady, at about 3 percent, which is relatively high for a program on a cable channel".[6]

    Original cast popularity

    Due to the show's popularity, some of the panelists also appeared on other shows, Enes Kaya on Magic Eye,[113] Enes Kaya and Julian Quintart on JTBC's Hidden Singer, Tyler Rasch was a surprise guest on "Arguments," another JTBC talk show about current affairs, and Sam Okyere and Enes Kaya were on the Happy Together "Hot People Special."[114] Some appeared in fashion magazines, including Woman Sense, Star, Ceci,[32] Allure, Arena,[110] Grazia,[115] and Ize.[24] Also, due to his appearances on the show, Julian Quintart's musical group, Yann & Julian, was invited to perform at Global Gathering Korea on October 4, 2014.[116] Julian Quintart, Enes Kaya, and Daniel Snoeks appeared in skits on Saturday Night Live Korea.[117] [118] [119] [120] Daniel Snoeks acted in a music video for kpop girl group AOA[121] and Takuya Terada in Hyorin and Joo Young's music video.[122] On November 13, 2014, Takuya Terada, Enes Kaya, Julian Quintart and show host Jun Hyun-moo all appeared as MCs and award presenters on the MelOn Music Awards at Seoul's Olympic Park Gymnastics Stadium.[123] [124] [125] And some of the panelists were retained for commercial endorsements and advertisements, Julian Quintart,[126] Sam Okyere, Robin Deiana and Daniel Snoeks;[127] although Tyler Rasch and Zhang Yuan had their commercial activities limited by the Ministry of Justice, after problems with their visa's were worked out by JTBC.[128]

    By the end of May 2015, the cast were still benefiting from the show's popularity. Zhang had signed on as an entertainer with SM C&C,[129] and Mondi, Lindemann and Patry were contracted with a management agency, Dramahouse and J Contents Hub, founded by JTBC.[130] Several continued to be cast on variety shows, including Okyere on Real Men 2,[131] and Rasch on .[132] Terada starred in his first Korean drama The Lover,[133] Quintart had a cameo in another K-drama A Girl Who Sees Smells,[134] and Deiana's rapping was featured on Sosim Boys' "Shining Star"[135] and Crayon Pop's "What Are You Doing?"[136] [137] [138]

    Impact and social responsibility

    2014

    One of the original cast members, Daniel Snoeks, whose hands and much of his body were tattooed, and his appearance on the show, was said to contribute to "the cause" of tattoo artists in South Korea, where injecting ink into the skin can only be done legally by qualified doctors, despite the "growing fashion trend." Snoeks said people encountering him on the subway used to move away and comment that his tattoos were "disgusting" or "scary" and after he appeared on the show, people wanted to take pictures with him.[27]

    In September, KOCCA said the show "runs a fierce debate on Korean culture" and "their speeches frequently become a hot issue among young viewers, sometimes for being too radical and sometimes too conservative. However, viewers can at least think of both sides of opinions." KOCCA credits the show for not just including "white people from advanced countries" that Koreans are already familiar with, but also inviting guests from diverse countries with varied cultures.[139]

    In October, Korea.net said the show debates on a wide range of current affairs, with topics that are "sympathetic issues for most people," and the non-Korean panelists, in their adopted home from four to fifteen years, give opinions on things Korean, with answers so stereotypically "Korean," that it makes viewers laugh. The article adds that more TV shows are adding non-Koreans and viewers are responding positively to the "fun" and "genuine" perspectives they bring to the shows, and accounting the appeal to a growing international audience of non-Korean youths. The article further poses that this casting trend reflects a Korean society which is being affected by the influences of globalization, and starting to welcome interactions and communication with non-Koreans, accepting them as true members of the community, and, as a result, bringing new energy to a Korean society that once prided itself on being "a nation with one single ethnicity."[140]

    In November, Yale University's YaleGlobal Online, published by the MacMillan Center, that "explores the implications of the growing interconnectedness of the world,"[141] republished an article from The Straits Times,[30] with a commentary. They said, "South Korean television stardom is no longer the exclusive domain of Korean nationals. The emergence of foreign stars on Korean television programs draws international attention to South Korea’s entertainment and media industries. Hailing from Australia, France, Ghana, the United States and other countries, foreign stars are breaking down barriers in Korean TV...The actors also serve as cultural ambassadors for their home countries and can find themselves deconstructing stereotypes about other parts of the world. Ghanaian actor Sam Okyere states that his television character helps generate more nuanced perspectives on Africa."[142] The Straits Times article, which interviewed Okyere, stated that the "chatty Okyere has snagged a regular gig...on new talk show Abnormal Summit on Korean cable network JTBC," and said that Okyere "recalls earlier appearances where he was on the receiving end of jokes about his African heritage," adding that he hopes to do his part as a "black representative" and create awareness about his home country and adopted home South Korea.[30]

    On December 1, one million copies of a show calendar sold out within four minutes of release online. Donations were given to the Beautiful Store, whose chairman Myunghee Hong visited the set on January 11, 2015, for a ceremony with cast.[143] Also in December, Seoul Mayor Park Won-soon was "inspired by popular TV show Abnormal Summit on cable channel JTBC" and scheduled an "informal round-table meeting" with ten foreign residents for February 2015.[144] Called a "Seoul-style Non-summit", the forum was planned for international residents to share their experiences, including inconveniences in daily living in Seoul, in an open and "frank" talk with the Mayor.[145]

    2015

    On March 10, the Seoul Metropolitan Government appointed Julian Quintart and Robin Deiana, two "foreign entertainers" who "gained popularity after appearing on cable network JTBC talk show Non-Summit," as honorary ambassadors for the ICLEI world congress global network meeting of over 1,000 cities, which is committed to building a sustainable future, and took place at Seoul's Dongdaemun Design Plaza and Seoul Plaza from April 8–12.[146] [147] [148] Also in April, Tyler Rasch and Ilya Belyakov, Honorary Culture Sharing Ambassadors of the Korea Foundation, attended a ceremony for the new "Koreans and Foreigners Together" program.[149] Sujan Shakya, having hosted his country, Nepal, in April, on the spin-off Where Is My Friend's Home, became an active spokesperson for JTBC and his alma mater Dankook University[150] for outreach following the April 2015 Nepal earthquake and the May 2015 Nepal earthquake, along with intern Mark Tetto.[151] [152]

    In September, Mondi joined ex-members Hooper and Shakya for the "One Mile Closer" charity cycling tour, led by Hooper.[153]

    On November 29, Quintart, Belyakov and Shakya participated in the "Global Friendship Festival" organized by a foreign students' group at KBS Sports World.[154] Also in November, Belyakov became a contributing columnist for Korea.net.[155]

    On December 7, Deiana returned to the show as one of the guests to discuss terrorism in his home country France.[156] On December 14, the Asia-Pacific Centre of Education for International Understanding (APCEIU) published interviews of Shakya and Varsakopoulos about cultural diversity and their respective countries.[152] [157] A Muslim cast member, Samy Rashad El-Baz, wrote a December 24 editorial for JTBC's affiliated newspaper, JoongAng Ilbo,[158] where other cast members have contributed anecdotal and cultural perspectives since the show's debut.[159] In the article, and in a follow-up Internet show with more cast members and JoongAng Ilbo editorial staff, Rashad El-baz discussed the Islam religion, terrorism and Islamophobia.[160] Also in December, twelve cast members continued the show's charity work with a fan-connected V-app event at Sinchon's Tom N Toms, with contributions going to JoongAng Ilbo's jointly funded welfare program for low-income children, We Start.[161] [162]

    2016

    On January 12, representatives Guillaume Patry, Alberto Mondi, Zhang Yuan and Tyler Rasch, along with Psy and violinist Clara-Jumi Kang, received the Corea Image Communication Institute awards,[163] [164] for "introducing Korean culture to the rest of the world through a unique perspective and interesting debate."[163] [165] In January, Daniel Lindemann and Sam Okyere became part of an international cast of the KBS2 K-drama Moorim School, with a plot based on a "mystical martial-arts high school" and an appeal as a "global youth action drama".[166] [167] Lindemann and Okyere were staff at the school, which "was built to protect and uphold world peace".[168] Also, through January, prior cast members Hooper, Deiana, Terada, Williams, Shakya and former intern Tetto were part of the travel reality show Where Is My Friend's Home visiting some of their home countries.[169] [170] [171]

    On February 12, cast members Alberto Mondi, Sam Okyere and Nikolai Johnsen joined the "K-Smile" campaign, part of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism's tourism promotion in Myeong-dong to support the "2016-2018 Visit Korea Year" and the "Korea Grand Sale."[172] [173]

    On March 19, eight cast members participated in the 2016 Earth Hour campaign as celebrity supporters.[174] [175] Also on that date, intern Tetto, a member of the Korea Legacy Committee that helps poverty-stricken elderly Koreans, participated in their White Day fund-raiser for contributions to the Seoul Senior Welfare Center.[176]

    On April 22, Quintart and Ha Ji-won, president of the Green Education Institutions and director of the National Assembly Forum on Climate Change, received awards for their contributions as goodwill ambassadors for climate change, at a joint Earth Day and Paris Agreement celebration hosted by the European Union delegation to Korea.[177] Also in April, Rasch was chosen as the WWF-Korea Brand Ambassador,[178] [179] and on April 24, ran in Korea's 50k, to help raise funds for Operation Smile.[180]

    In May, present and former cast members Patry, Rasch, Deiana, Johnsen, Williams, Terada and Okyere appeared at a premiere event for an upcoming movie Canola;[181]

    On July 12, Mondi and Tetto spoke on a panel "Korean Wave 3.0" along with Professor Seo Kyoung-duk and comedian Seo Kyung-seok, at the 8th World Korean Educators Conference hosted by the King Sejong Institute at the National Museum of Korea.[182] [183] On July 14, Carlos Gorito was named Gangwon-do honorary ambassador and set to promote Pyeongchang 2018 at Brazil's Rio 2016.[184]

    In September, Tetto was selected as Ambassador for the 9th Annual Senior Film Festival, an October event sponsored by the Seoul Senior Welfare Center.[185]

    Ratings

    In the ratings below, the highest rating for the show is in

    red, and the lowest rating for the show is in blue each year.

    2014

    Ep. #Original AirdateAGB Ratings[186]
    width=100Nationwidewidth=100Seoul Capital Area
    01July 71.553%1.8%
    02July 141.983%2.4%
    03July 212.613%3.3%
    04July 282.295%[187]
    05August 43.026%4%
    06August 113.548%4.4%
    07August 184.089%5.3%
    08August 254.304%
    09September 13.842%
    10September 84.864%6%[188]
    11September 154.964%6.8%
    12September 224.501%[189]
    13September 294.779%[190]
    14October 64.349%[191]
    15October 134.060%
    16October 204.403%
    17October 275.410%
    18November 34.631%
    19November 104.0%
    20November 173.9%
    21November 244.0%
    22December 14.4%
    23December 83.9%
    24December 153.5%
    25December 223.8%
    26December 292.4%

    2015

    Ep. #Original AirdateAGB Ratings
    width=100Nationwidewidth=100Seoul Capital Area
    27January 54.2%
    28January 123.8%
    29January 194.5%
    30January 264.4%
    31February 24.3%
    32February 94.7%
    33February 165.5%
    34February 235.2%
    35March 24.0%
    36March 94.1%
    37March 164.5%
    38March 234.1%
    39March 304.1%
    40April 64.0%
    41April 133.4%
    42April 204.2%
    43April 273.4%
    44May 43.2%
    45May 113.3%
    46May 183.2%
    47May 253.8%
    48June 13.7%
    49June 83.7%
    50June 153.7%
    51June 224.2%
    52June 293.3%
    53July 64.7%
    54July 134.0%
    55July 203.8%
    56July 274.0%
    57August 33.8%
    58August 104.0%
    59August 173.9%
    60August 243.7%
    61August 314.3%
    62September 73.7%
    63September 143.7%
    64September 213.2%
    65September 282.8%
    66October 53.2%
    67October 123.4%
    68October 193.5%
    69October 262.7%
    70November 24.5%
    71November 93.4%
    72November 163.4%
    73November 233.8%
    74November 303.9%
    75December 73.6%
    76December 143.8%
    77December 214.0%
    78December 283.5%

    2016

    Ep. #Original AirdateAGB Ratings
    width=100Nationwidewidth=100Seoul Capital Area
    79January 44.1%
    80January 113.3%
    81January 183.5%
    82January 253.3%
    83February 13.2%
    84February 83.5%
    85February 153.5%
    86February 222.9%
    87February 293.4%
    88March 73.1%
    89March 143.3%
    90March 213.4%
    91March 283.3%
    92April 42.9%
    93April 112.8%
    94April 182.5%
    95April 252.6%
    96May 22.7%
    97May 93.4%
    98May 163.4%
    99May 233.2%
    100May 302.9%
    101June 62.3%
    102June 132.5%
    103June 203.1%
    104June 273.0%
    105July 42.7%
    106July 112.4%
    107July 183.1%
    108July 252.8%
    109August 13.4%
    110August 82.8%
    111August 153.2%
    112August 222.9%
    113August 293.3%
    114September 53.5%
    115September 123.1%
    116September 192.9%
    117September 263.0%
    118October 32.9%
    119October 102.5%
    120October 172.9%
    121October 242.9%
    122October 312.9%
    123November 73.1%
    124November 143.3%
    125November 213.3%
    126November 283.4%
    127December 53.2%
    128December 123.1%
    129December 193.3%
    130December 262.9%

    2017

    Ep. #Original AirdateAGB Ratings
    width=100Nationwidewidth=100Seoul Capital Area
    131January 93.7%
    132January 163.0%
    133January 233.3%
    134January 303.1%
    135February 63.5%
    136February 133.5%
    137February 203.5%
    138February 203.4%
    139February 272.7%
    140March 133.4%
    141March 203.7%
    142March 273.2%
    143April 33.2%
    144April 103.6%
    145April 173.4%
    146April 243.6%
    147May 13.7%
    148May 83.4%
    149May 153.4%
    150May 222.9%
    151May 293.0%
    152June 53.9%
    153June 124.2%
    154June 193.4%
    155June 263.7%
    156July 33.5%
    157July 103.2%
    158July 173.2%
    159July 242.8%
    160July 313.2%
    161August 73.2%
    162August 143.5%
    163August 213.5%
    164August 283.9%
    165September 42.6%
    166September 112.8%
    167September 182.8%
    168September 253.1%
    169October 93.6%
    170October 162.7%
    171October 233.2%
    172October 312.4%
    173November 62.7%
    174November 133.1%
    175November 203.0%
    176November 203.1%

    International versions

    Turkish franchise

    See main article: Elin Oğlu. In 2014, ATV purchased the rights for a Turkish adaptation of the show, titled Elin Oğlu, which premiered on 21 March 2015.[192] [193]

    Chinese franchises

    In 2015, two Chinese adaptations of the show premiered.

    Hubei Television produced Informal Talks which has aired from 24 April 2015 to present.[194] Jiangsu Broadcasting Corporation produced A Bright World (世界青年说), which aired from 16 April 2015 to 13 April 2017.[195]

    Country Name Host(s) Network Date premiered
    Informal TalksVariousHubei Television24 April 2015 – present
    A Bright World (世界青年说)Peng Yu, Shen Ling, Liu Yan and Yu ShashaJiangsu Broadcasting Corporation16 April 2015 – 13 April 2017
    Elin Oğlu Burcu Esmersoy (2015–2016)
    Ömür Varol (2015)
    Sinan Çalışkanoğlu (2015–2016)    		ATV21 March 2015 – 7 May 2016

    Awards and nominations

    Year Award Category Recipients and nominees Result
    2015 51st Baeksang Arts Awards[196] [197] Best Entertainment Program Non-Summit
    Best Male Variety Performer Jun Hyun-moo (Non-Summit, I Live Alone)
    2017 Korea Communications Commission Broadcasting Awards[198] Diversity Award Non-Summit

    Notes and References

    1. Web site: Online Issues Team. ko:비정상회담 5회 시청률 2배 올라 깜짝 "자체 최고 4%대 기록". http://view.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2014080511093982663. August 5, 2014. The Asia Economy Daily. ko. September 1, 2014. February 6, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200206161602/http://view.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2014080511093982663. live.
    2. Web site: Yong-won. ko:미남들의 뼈있는 수다 '비정상회담'. http://www.sportsq.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=12908. July 15, 2014. Sports Q. ko. September 1, 2014. September 3, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140903171052/http://www.sportsq.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=12908. live.
    3. Web site: Sung Si Kyung Says He Prefers Soyou over Suzy on Non Summit. July 29, 2014. Soompi. September 1, 2014. September 3, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140903140019/http://www.soompi.com/2014/07/29/sung-si-kyung-says-he-prefers-soyou-over-suzy-on-non-summit/. live.
    4. Web site: '비정상회담' 번외편, G6와 촬영장 뒤에서 나눈 수다[인터뷰]]. July 30, 2014. The Huffington Post Korea. ko. September 22, 2014. October 10, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141010074017/http://www.huffingtonpost.kr/2014/07/30/story_n_5632304.html. live.
    5. Web site: Seo. Byung-ki. ko:[서병기 연예톡톡]'비정상회담', 어떻게 스테디셀러로 자리잡을 수 있었나?. http://heraldk.com/2017/11/28/%EC%84%9C%EB%B3%91%EA%B8%B0-%EC%97%B0%EC%98%88%ED%86%A1%ED%86%A1%EB%B9%84%EC%A0%95%EC%83%81%ED%9A%8C%EB%8B%B4-%EC%96%B4%EB%96%BB%EA%B2%8C-%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%94%94%EC%85%80/. November 28, 2017. The Korea Herald. ko. December 8, 2017. December 8, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171208200340/http://heraldk.com/2017/11/28/%EC%84%9C%EB%B3%91%EA%B8%B0-%EC%97%B0%EC%98%88%ED%86%A1%ED%86%A1%EB%B9%84%EC%A0%95%EC%83%81%ED%9A%8C%EB%8B%B4-%EC%96%B4%EB%96%BB%EA%B2%8C-%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%94%94%EC%85%80/. live.
    6. Web site: Hong. You-kyoung. 'Non-Summit' will take a break starting Dec.. November 17, 2017. Korea JoongAng Daily. December 5, 2017. December 5, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171205015427/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=3040872. live.
    7. Web site: Lee. Jun-Hyeun. [Photo] Sung Si Kyung at press conference of JTBC's 'Be Normal Summit']. July 2, 2014. Yahoo! News Singapore. September 2, 2014. September 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140904094032/https://sg.entertainment.yahoo.com/news/photo-sung-si-kyung-at-press-conference-of-054159925.html. live.
    8. Web site: Kim Gura and Lee Sang Min to MC New jTBC Variety Show, 'Men's Stuff'. December 27, 2012. CJ E&M Mwave. September 2, 2014. September 3, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140903084105/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/24994/new-jtbc-show-for-men-to-launch-in-january. live.
    9. Web site: Cho. Chung-un. Korean star TV directors move to cable channels. May 2, 2011. Yahoo! News Philippines. September 2, 2014. September 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140904095422/https://ph.news.yahoo.com/korean-star-tv-directors-move-cable-channels-082006323.html. live.
    10. Web site: ko:비정상회담 [1회] 다시보기. http://home.jtbc.joins.com/Vod/VodView.aspx?epis_id=EP10020791. July 7, 2014. JTBC. ko. September 3, 2014. October 7, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141007191226/http://home.jtbc.joins.com/Vod/VodView.aspx?epis_id=EP10020791. live.
    11. Web site: Kwon. Hye-rim. JTBC '비정상회담', 이 패널들 심상치않다(종합)'미수다' 연상시키는 콘셉트, 패널 재치는 한 수 위. July 1, 2014. Inews24. ko. September 3, 2014. September 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140904144833/http://joynews.inews24.com/php/news_view.php?g_menu=700200&g_serial=832710. live.
    12. Web site: Jin. Eun-soo. Talk show aims to solve youth issues. July 7, 2014. JoongAng Ilbo. September 2, 2014. September 5, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140905005100/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2991607. live.
    13. Web site: ko:[비정상회담 시즌2]①변신 선언한 '비정상회담2', 매너리즘 벗나. http://news.zum.com/articles/31337158?cm=popular. June 20, 2016. Zum News. ko. July 10, 2016. August 18, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160818205924/http://news.zum.com/articles/31337158?cm=popular. live.
    14. Web site: Lee. Jung Hyun. ko:[예능왕국 JTBC]②임정아 CP가 '비정상회담'을 떠난 이유. http://starin.edaily.co.kr/news/NewsRead.edy?SCD=EA31&amp;newsid=01213606612711568&amp;DCD=A10102. July 5, 2016. EDaily News. ko. July 10, 2016. August 17, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160817082617/http://starin.edaily.co.kr/news/NewsRead.edy?SCD=EA31&newsid=01213606612711568&DCD=A10102. live.
    15. Web site: Carla. Sunwoo. JTBC show sets a record as it moves to Chinese TV. May 23, 2013. JoongAng Ilbo. July 10, 2016. August 7, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160807180354/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2971979. live.
    16. Web site: Won. Ho-jung. BoA to kick off 4th season of 'Hidden Singer'. October 1, 2015. The Korea Herald. July 10, 2016. April 12, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160412172159/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20151001001160. live.
    17. Web site: ko:‘비정상회담’ 기욤·알베르토 남고 모두 떠난다! 장위안·오취리·타일러 하차 왜?. http://news.donga.com/BestClick/3/all/20160607/78525692/2. June 7, 2016. The Dong-a Ilbo. ko. June 12, 2016. June 14, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160614073526/http://news.donga.com/BestClick/3/all/20160607/78525692/2. live.
    18. Web site: Jeon. Hye-jin. ko:[SC리뷰] 비정상회담 '100번의 사이다' 타일러를 어떻게 보내죠?. http://sports.chosun.com/news/utype.htm?id=201606080100048960003251&amp;ServiceDate=20160607. June 7, 2016. The Chosun Ilbo. ko. June 13, 2016. June 24, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160624172429/http://sports.chosun.com/news/utype.htm?id=201606080100048960003251&ServiceDate=20160607. live.
    19. Web site: Kim. Slater. 이런 비정상 G11 때문에 월요일이 기다려지다니, 이런 나 비정상인가요?. August 27, 2014. Naeil Shot Magazine. ko. September 1, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140903100954/http://www.naeilshot.co.kr/magazine-section/naeil-culture/culture/50813/. September 3, 2014.
    20. Web site: Today Online reporters. ko:비정상회담 기욤, 한우 회식 인증샷. http://pann.news.nate.com/info/255824112. August 12, 2014. Nate. ko. September 7, 2014. September 17, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140917203708/http://pann.news.nate.com/info/255824112. dead.
    21. Web site: Cross Gene Returns with Strong and Sexy "Amazing -Bad Lady-" MV. June 8, 2014. Soompi. September 3, 2014. September 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140904051327/http://www.soompi.com/2014/06/08/cross-gene-returns-with-strong-and-sexy-amazing-bad-lady-mv/. live.
    22. Web site: 취재_이충섭 객원기자. ko:<비정상회담> 핫 가이드 베첼러 파티. http://www.mlounge.co.kr/woman/view.php?idx=2249. September 2014. Woman Sense. ko. September 3, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140904114128/http://www.mlounge.co.kr/woman/view.php?idx=2249. September 4, 2014. dead.
    23. News: Kim. Seung-hoon. More foreign students in Korean universities. August 31, 2014. Hancinema. September 3, 2014. September 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140904060930/http://www.hancinema.net/more-foreign-students-in-korean-universities-72894.html. live.
    24. Web site: Kim. Young-jin. ko:<비정상회담>│② 다니엘·줄리안 "<비정상회담>에서 내 역할을 내가 만들 수 있어서 좋다". https://www.ize.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=21236. July 22, 2014. Ize Magazine. ko. September 3, 2014. September 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140904133314/http://ize.co.kr/articleView.html?no=2014072023457225467. live.
    25. Web site: Julian Quintart (줄리안). Hancinema. September 3, 2014. September 2, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140902210306/http://www.hancinema.net/korean_Julian_Quintart.php#!. live.
    26. Web site: jtbc 비정상회담의 다니엘 스눅스. July 7, 2014. Djuna. ko. September 4, 2014. September 17, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140917210713/http://www.djuna.kr/xe/board/11433990. live.
    27. Web site: Tattoos an illegal fashion statement in South Korea. January 3, 2015. Indo-Asian News Service. January 22, 2015. January 23, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150123033954/http://news.yahoo.com/tattoos-illegal-fashion-statement-south-korea-091434359.html. live.
    28. Web site: Roberts-Mensah. Jacob. Ghana's Sam Okyere Is A Korean TV Star. July 3, 2014. Okay Africa. September 4, 2014. July 17, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140717175039/http://www.okayafrica.com/culture-2/sam-okyere-korean-tv-star/. live.
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