| Unit Name: | No. 317 "City of Wilno" Polish Fighter Squadron |
| Dates: | 22 February 1941 – 18 December 1946 |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Allegiance: |  Polish government in exile |
| Branch: | Royal Air Force |
| Role: | Fighter Squadron |
| Command Structure: | RAF Fighter Command |
| Nickname: | Wilno "Wileński" (of Wilno) |
| Notable Commanders: | Stanisław Skalski Władysław Gnyś |
| Identification Symbol Label: | Squadron Badge heraldry |
| Identification Symbol 2: | JH (February 1941 – December 1946) |
| Identification Symbol 2 Label: | Squadron Codes |
No. 317 "City of Wilno" Polish Fighter Squadron (Polish: 317 Dywizjon Myśliwski „Wileński") was a Polish fighter squadron formed in Great Britain as part of an agreement between the Polish Government in Exile and the United Kingdom in 1941. It was one of 15 squadrons of the Polish Air Force in exile that served alongside the Royal Air Force in World War II.[1]
The squadron was formed at RAF Acklington on 22 February 1941[2] and reached operational readiness on 24 April 1941. It was equipped with Hurricane Mk.Is until July when it received Mk.IIs. The squadron moved south in June and received Spitfires in October. As with most Fighter Command squadrons it alternated its operations between offensive sweeps from bases in the south and defensive duties whilst based in the North and Midlands.
In June 1943 the squadron was allocated to the 2nd Tactical Air Force and moved to RAF Heston. During the buildup to the invasion of Normandy the squadron carried out offensive sweeps in preparation for the landings. After the invasion they conducted ground attack operations in support of Allied ground forces, moving to the continent in August.The squadron arrived in Belgium in October 1944 and Germany in April 1945, remaining there as part of the occupation forces until disbanding as a Polish fighter unit on 3 January 1947 (it had earlier disbanded as a RAF fighter unit at RAF Hethel on 18 December 1946).[2]
| From | To | Name | Remark | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 1941 | Apr 1941 | S/Ldr C.J. Mount | British Officer | |
| Apr 1941 | Jun 1941 | S/Ldr A.N. Cole | British Officer | |
| Jun 1941 | Aug 1941 | Maj. Stanisław Brzezina | Polish co-commander since formation | |
| Aug 1941 | Mar 1942 | Kpt. Henryk Szczęsny, KW, VM | ||
| Mar 1942 | May 1942 | Kpt. Piotr Ozyra | ||
| May 1942 | Nov 1942 | Kpt. Stanisław Skalski | ||
| Nov 1942 | May 1943 | Kpt. Zbigniew Czajkowski | ||
| May 1943 | Dec 1943 | Kpt. Franciszek Kornicki | ||
| Dec 1943 | Jan 1944 | Kpt. Rutkowski | ||
| Jan 1944 | Aug 1944 | Kpt. Włodzimierz Miksa | ||
| Aug 1944 | Aug 1944 | Kpt. Władysław Gnyś | ||
| Aug 1944 | May 1945 | Kpt. Marian Chełmecki | ||
| May 1945 | Oct 1945 | Kpt. Paweł Niemiec | ||
| Oct 1945 | Dec 1946 | Kpt. Marian Trzebiński |
| From | To | Aircraft | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 1941 | Jul 1941 | Hawker Hurricane | Mk.I | |
| Jul 1941 | Oct 1941 | Hawker Hurricane | Mks.IIa, IIb | |
| Oct 1941 | Sep 1943 | Supermarine Spitfire | Mks.Vb, Vc | |
| Sep 1943 | May 1945 | Supermarine Spitfire | Mk.IXe, LF.IXe | |
| May 1945 | Dec 1946 | Supermarine Spitfire | Mk.XVI |