Gérard Nissim Amzallag Explained

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Gérard Nissim Amzallag is a French-Israeli biologist, born in Morocco in 1962. He is an associate researcher at Ben Gurion University. He holds a doctorate in biblical studies.^[1] His work on the origins of Yahwism were controversially received, describing the god's proposed origin as the Canaanite god of metallurgy.^[2] ^[3] He has written on the origins of biblical archeology locations such as Edom,^[4] ^[5] and analyses of the Psalms.^[6] His work on Yahweh and the Origins of Judaism has been cited by Daniel E. Fleming and Yigal Levin.^[7]

It was also cited by detractors in 2010, "A Chalcolithic Error." Thornton et al named the academic as author of methodological and referential shortcomings, and "errata" too numerous to exhaust. The discussion (sive conclusion) rounds up:

Crucible and furnacesmelting methods are not... as different as theauthor suggests, and we have provided... evidence forthe indigenous development of furnace technologyfrom earlier crucible smelting technologies. Contraryto Amzallag's vision of advanced furnace smeltingoriginating in the southern Levant, we have demonstrated (it was a)conservative area as far as smelting is concerned.^[8]

This criticism didn't stop his output, however. In 2023, he published Yahweh and the Origins of Ancient Israel, moving forward based on previous musings on the metallurgical aspects of Yahweh. The author's multidisciplinary view is of a mainly volcanic and smithing Kenite hypothesis of Yahweh.^[9]

Publications

La raison malmenée, CNRS Éditions, Paris, 2002
L'Homme végétal, Albin Michel, Paris, 2003
Book: Amzallag, Gérard Nissim . La réforme du vrai: enquête sur les sources de la modernité . 2010 . C. L. Mayer . 978-2-84377-156-9 . Paris.
Amzallag . Nissim . 2009 . Yahweh, the Canaanite God of Metallurgy? . Journal for the Study of the Old Testament . en . 33 . 4 . 387–404 . 10.1177/0309089209105686 . 171053999 . 0309-0892.
La forge de Dieu, Le Cerf, 2020, 299 pages,
Book: Amzallag, Gérard Nissim . Yahweh and the origins of ancient Israel: insights from the archaeological record . 2023 . Cambridge University press . 978-1-009-31477-0 . New York.
Book: Amzalag, Nisim . Psalm 29: a Canaanite hymn to YHWH in the Psalter . 2021 . Peeters . 978-90-429-4592-0 . Études bibliques . Leuven Paris Bristol, CT.

External

Essays https://www.thetorah.com/author/nissim-amzallag

Notes and References

News: 2021-01-24 . " Le judaïsme n'a pas inventé le dieu de la Bible, mais transformé un culte secret en religion officielle " . fr . Le Monde.fr . 2023-10-19.
News: Jewish God Yahweh Originated in Canaanite Vulcan, Says New Theory . en . Haaretz . 2023-10-19.
Schlimm . Matthew Richard . 2017 . Jealousy or Furnace Remelting?: A Response to Nissim Amzallag . Journal of Biblical Literature . 136 . 3 . 513–528 . 10.1353/jbl.2017.0033 . 149086612 . 1934-3876.
Book: Crowell, Bradley L. . Edom at the edge of empire: a social and political history . 2021 . SBL Press . 978-0-88414-528-8 . Archaeology and biblical studies . Atlanta, GA.
Tebes . Juan Manuel . 2019 . Memories of humiliation, cultures of resentment towards Edom and the formation of ancient Jewish national identity . Nations and Nationalism . en . 25 . 1 . 124–145 . 10.1111/nana.12367 . 1354-5078. 11336/46149 . free .
Schweers . Katherine . 2023 . Uncovering Hidden Anger in the Psalms Using Psychological Models of Anger . Biblical Theology Bulletin: Journal of Bible and Culture . en . 53 . 3 . 159–171 . 10.1177/01461079231191555 . 261431537 . 0146-1079.
Levin . Yigal . 2020 . The Religion of Idumea and Its Relationship to Early Judaism . Religions . en . 11 . 10 . 487 . 10.3390/rel11100487 . 2077-1444 . free .
Thornton . C.P. . Golden . J.M. . Killick . D.J. . Pigott . V.C. . Rehren . T.H. . Roberts . B.W. . 2010 . A Chalcolithic Error: Rebuttal to Amzallag 2009 . American Journal of Archaeology . en . 114 . 2 . 305–315 . 10.3764/aja.114.2.305 . 25684276 . 0002-9114.
Web site: YHWH: The Kenite God of Metallurgy - TheTorah.com . 2024-11-02 . www.thetorah.com.