Nikolai Shamalov Explained

Nikolai Shamalov
Birth Date:24 January 1950
Birth Place:Byelorussian SSR, Soviet Union
Citizenship:Russian
Children:Yuri Shamalov
Kirill Shamalov

Nikolai Terent'yevich Shamalov, Nikolai Terent'evich Shamalov or Nikolai Terentievich Shamalov (Russian: link=no|Николай Терентьевич Шамалов; born 24 January 1950) is a Belarusian-born Russian dentist, businessman, and a founding member of Ozero.[1] He is a close confidant of Russian leader Vladimir Putin.[2] Shamalov grew rich after obtaining a stake in Bank Rossiya.[3]

Education

Shamalov is a dentist/physician by training. He is fluent in German.[4]

Career

Until the 1990s, Shamalov worked as a dentist in Leningrad (Saint Petersburg).[4] [5] In 1994, he founded the company Masterdentservis (Russian: link=no|"Мастердентсервис") in Leningrad.

Shamalov was a representative of Siemens in St. Petersburg from 1992 to 2008 selling medical equipment for Siemens Medical Systems.[1] [4] [6] According to Sergei Kolesnikov, Shamalov refused to answer questions by Siemens internal investigators about money laundering, corruption, and bribery. This led to Shamalov's dismissal from Siemens.[1] [7] [8]

From 1993 to 1995, he worked in the Committee on External Relations of the St. Petersburg Mayor's Office. Vladimir Putin was his boss.[9] [10]

In January 1992, AOZT/ZAO Petromed was founded with 51% of its shares owned by the Saint Petersburg's Committee on External Relations (KVS) which Putin headed, 39% of its shares owned by the Center for International Cooperation which is headed by Dmitri Gorelov, and 10% of its shares owned by the Saint Petersburg Committee on Health.[11] Andrey Kolesnikov, a biophysicist from the Polytechnic Institute, formed a cooperative to manufacture medical equipment for Petromed.[11] In 1993, Shamalov was hired by Putin as the Petromed's purchasing agent for Siemens medical equipment from Germany instead of buying from Kolesnikov's cooperative's Russian manufactured equipment.[11] Over many years, Petromed received state funds for the purchase of medical equipment, but Putin also demanded that Russian oligarchs make charitable contributions to Petromed for the purchase of medical equipment.[11] [12] [13] However, Shamalov greatly inflated the purchase price of the medical equipment and then funneled 33% of the money to offshore accounts.[12] [13] [14] [15] After Vladimir Yakovlev, who was the Governor of Saint Petersburg, became a very outspoken critic of Petromed, Putin, and corruption, Gorelev and Kolesnikov bought out the Saint Petersburg Committee on Health portion of Petromed and became the only two owners of Petromed.[16] Later, Gorelov, Kolesnikov, and Shamalov used the funneled money, which they obtained as overcharges to Petromed, to purchase shares in Rossiya Bank, Vyborg Shipyard, and other entities.[12] [13] [16]

On 10 November 1996, he was a founding member of Vladimir Putin's closed gate community, the cooperative Ozero.[17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] As of 2016, Shamalov has remained a member of the cooperative Ozero.[24]

In early 1997 and previously, Shamalov's family and the family of Vladimir Putin and Lyudmila Ocheretnaya vacationed together in Davos, Switzerland.[25]

In 2004, he, Yuri Kovalchuk, and Dmitry Vladimirovich Gorelov became co-owners of Bank Rossiya.[6] Shamalov has the second-largest stake in Bank Rossiya.[23]

On 18 October 2005, he, Sergei Kolesnikov, and Gorelov founded Rosinvest.[26] Using money that Shamalov had funneled from Petromed to offshore accounts and money that was from the Russian state treasury, this company built the health resort in Gelendzhik known as "Putin's Palace" which was part of "project south" (Russian: link=no|Проекту Юг).[6] [12] [13] [14] [22] [27] To finance "Putin's Palace", Shamalov's expertise in selling medical equipment through Siemens in St Petersburg was essential in obtaining several hundreds of millions of dollars out of the $1 billion intended for Russian healthcare improvements.[27] Shamalov is the original legal owner of "Putin's Palace."[11]

In 2006, he became a co-owner with a controlling share (10%) of Vyborg Shipyard.[6] [10] [21] [28] Dmitri Gorelov's son Vasili Gorelov is another owner of Vyborg Shipyard.[22]

In 2010, he, his son Kirill, and Oleg Vitalyevich Sharykin (Russian: link=no|Олег Витальевич Шарыкин) became co-owners of the Russian Cement Company (Russian: link=no|Русскую цементную компанию (РЦК)). Nikolai owns a 12.5% share. Kirill owns a 5% share and is on the board of directors. The Shamalov's combined stake is estimated to be 15 billion rubles in 2018.[10] [29]

In 2011, to support the Russian Defense Ministry, Roscosmos, and ROSATOM, he and Oleg Sharykin formed the joint company Ceramic Technologies (Russian: link=no|совместную компанию "Керамические технологии") which has two main projects: (1) the creation of silicon carbide pencil boxes for the long-term storage and disposal of highly radioactive nuclear waste in underground sites and (2) the development and production of silicon carbide optical blocks in telescopes and sensors used in remote sensing surveillance satellites, which also can detect asteroid hazards and explore deep space. Ceramic Technologies is a member of the Lebedev Institute of Physics (FIAN) through the Troitsk Technopark (Russian: link=no|Троицкий технопарк ФИАН)[30] and the Skolkovo Foundation but receives no investment and no funding from either. Also, Sharykin said that we have in Kemerovo "Khimprom" (Russian: link=no|"Химпром") and PO "Tokem" (Russian: link=no|"Токем"), which competes with Lanxess, Dow Chemical, and Mitsubishi Chemical for monodisperse copolymers in resin ion exchangers for nuclear reactors at nuclear power plants, nuclear-powered ships (both icebreakers and submarines), and water treatment in the chemical and metallurgical industries. As of October 2015, ROSATOM purchases 40% of its needs for resin ion exchangers from NATO countries, but the Kemerovo production sites are expected to meet 100% of ROSATOM needs by 2017.

Between 2010 and 2016 with support from Bank Rossiya, he became the beneficial owner of land in Karelia near Ladoga in the Lakhdenpokhsky District.[31] [32] [33]

On 28 June 2013, he was the second-largest shareholder in Bank Rossiya owning around 10.5% of the total shares.[34]

According to the Panama Papers, his Bank Rossiya staff in St Petersburg sent all their confidential instructions through a firm of Swiss attorneys in Zurich, Dietrich Baumgartner and Partners, to have Mossack Fonseca (Mossfon) establish a British Virgin Islands shell company, Sandalwood Continental Ltd, to hide large sums of Vladimir Putin's personal wealth that had been in bank accounts at the Russian Commercial Bank (RCB) of Cyprus, which is a bank owned by VTB and is now known as RCB Bank.[35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] Some of this money was transferred from Sergei Roldugin's Sandalwood Continental Ltd to Ozon LLC to purchase and develop the Igora ski resort.[35] [39]

According to Sergei Kolesnikov, Shamalov gives Vladimir Putin updates on the status of Putin's offshore wealth and hidden accounts usually two or three times a year.[14]

As of 2018, his relationships with various entities and individuals and be found in this image.[41]

As of January 2019, Shamalov and Yuri Kovalchuk through their ownership of Rossiya Bank have become the most important investors in Russia's development of its illegal annexation of Crimea during the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War.[42]

His nickname is Professor Filip Filippovich Preobrazhensky (Russian: link=no|Профессор Филипп Филиппович Преображенский) or the "Professor of the Transfiguration," who was the central character that transforms from a stray dog into a New Soviet man in Mikhail Bulgakov’s Heart of a Dog.[43] [44]

Personal wealth

In 2011, he was listed as the 198th richest Russian with a wealth of $500 million by Forbes.[6] Shamalov owns a house at Gelendzhik near Putin's Palace.[45]

He is on the billionaires (rubles) group with Delovoy Peterburg.[46]

Sanctions

Because of the ongoing Russian interference in Ukraine and Shamalov's close personal relationship's with Vladimir Putin, Shamalov has been under sanctions by the European Union since 30 July 2014, Liechtenstein since 31 July 2014, Canada since 2 August 2014, Switzerland since 27 August 2014, Australia since 2 September 2014, and Ukraine, since 17 October 2016.[47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] These sanctions both freeze his assets in the European Union, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Ukraine, Canada, and Australia, and also restrict his travel rights.[53] [54]

Sanctioned by the UK government in 2014 in relation to Russo-Ukrainian War.[55]

Personal life

Located at 2nd Berezovaya Alley, 19 on Kamenny Island at Saint Petersburg, Nikolai Shamalov owns an apartment which is near apartments owned by his neighbors which include Arkady Rotenberg, the former head of the presidential administration Vladimir Kozhin and Yuri Kovalchuk and, located on the same alley at building 13-15, Sergei Mironov, the wife and daughter of Viktor Zubkov and other powerful and wealthy persons own apartments.[56]

Shamalov has two sons.

Yuri Shamalov

Yuri Shamalov (born 10 June 1970 in Saint Petersburg) worked under Vladimir Putin and with Yuri's father Nikolai on the foreign economic relations committee (KVS) for the city of Saint Petersburg from October 1993 to October 1995.[57] He was a Siemens sales representative for Moscow from February 1997 to July 2003. He was the first vice president for Gazfond from July to August 2003. From 1987 to 2007, Yuri Shamalov was in the KGB and later FSB.[58] He was the Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Gazprom-Media from July 2008 to June 2012, the Chairman of the Supervisory Board of OJSC Gaz-Service from November 2008 to February 2015, the Chairman of the Supervisory Board of OAO Gazkon from November 2008 to February 2015, the Chairman of the Supervisory Board of PJSC Gaz-Tek from October 2011 to February 2015, and the Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board OJSC Gazprombank from June 2008 to December 2014.[59] He is currently the Deputy chairman on the Supervisory Board of JSC Gazprombank, since December 2014; a board member of Gazprom Media, since August 2008; the Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Gazprombank-Fund, since July 2007; and the President of Gazfond, since August 2003.[60] Since March 2014, through his relationship with Gazfond and its controlling interest in Leader Assets Management, he has the controlling interest at JSC Gazprombank.[61] Since November 2014 and through his chairmanship of Gasfond, he is the majority shareholder of Gazprombank which controls Gazprom-Media.

Yuri Shamalov has degrees from the Higher Naval Engineering College V. I. Lenin in 1992 in naval engineering and from the All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations of the Russian Federation in 1996 in foreign trade.

Kirill Shamalov

See main article: Kirill Shamalov. Kirill Shamalov (born 22 March 1982 in Saint Petersburg) is a deputy chairman on SIBUR's management board, a vice-president of Sibur Holding, which is a Russian gas processing and petrochemicals company headquartered in Moscow, and was married to Putin's second daughter Katerina Tikhonova from 2013 to 2018.[62] [63] [64] [65] [66] In April 2018, the United States imposed sanctions on his son Kirill Shamalov and 23 other Russian nationals due to the Russian interference in Ukraine and to prevent Vladimir Putin and his close inner circle's next generation of relatives from gaining wealth.[67] [68]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Dawisha, Karen . Karen Dawisha . Putin's Kleptocracy: Who Owns Russia? . 2014 . . 978-1-4767-9519-5.
  2. Web site: Putin's daughter, a young billionaire and the president's friends . 2022-03-12 . . en.
  3. News: 2014-05-21 . Special Report: Billion-dollar medical project helped fund 'Putin's palace' . en . Reuters . 2022-03-12.
  4. News: Малкова . Ирина . Титов . Сергей . Расследование РБК: как строит бизнес семья Шамаловых: РБК разбирался, как 33-летний Кирилл Шамалов, которого называют супругом Катерины Тихоновой, стал крупным акционером "Сибура", какие еще активы есть у его семьи и сколько они могут стоить . ru . Investigation of RBC: how the Shamalov family builds business: RBC understood how the 33-year-old Kirill Shamalov, who is called the spouse of Katerina Tikhonova, became a major shareholder of Sibur, what other assets his family has and how much they can cost . RBC . 17 December 2015 . 28 April 2018.
  5. News: Волчек . Дмитрий (Volchek, Dmitry) . Как закалялась шваль. КГБ, измайловская братва и путинизм . How the trash was tempered. The KGB, the Izmailovskaya gang and Putinism . ru . Радио Свобода (Radio Svoboda) . March 28, 2020 . July 13, 2021.
  6. Web site: Nikolai Shamalov. Forbes. 28 April 2018. ru.
  7. Book: Прибыло́вский, Влади́мир Валериа́нович . Кооператив "Озеро" и другие проекты Владимира Путина . Vladimir Pribylovsky . . 2012 . 978-5-4438-0015-8.
  8. Book: Большаков, Владимир Викторович . Путин навсегда. Кому это надо и к чему приведет? .

    ru:Большаков, Владимир Викторович

    . Алгоритм . 2012 . 9785457260856 .
  9. Dawisha p. 48, 89
  10. Web site: Кто есть кто: Шамалов Николай Терентьевич . . ru . Who Is Who: Nikolai Terentyevich Shamalov . 28 April 2018.
  11. Dawisha p. 89
  12. Web site: Kolesnikov . Sergey . Sergei Kolesnikov (whistleblower) . Letter to Dmitry Medvedev . skolesnikov.org . 21 December 2010 . 28 April 2018.
  13. News: Шлейнов (Shleynov) . Роман (Roman) . Предприниматель Сергей Колесников рассказал о дворце для Путина за $1 млрд: Автором разоблачительного письма президенту о коррупции в окружении премьера действительно оказался партнер питерских друзей Владимира Путина бизнесмен Сергей Колесников. Он заявил "Ведомостям", что такова его гражданская позиция . ru . Entrepreneur Sergei Kolesnikov spoke about the palace for Putin for $1 billion: The author of the revealing letter to the president about corruption in the environment of the premier was indeed a partner of Vladimir Putin's friends from St. Petersburg businessman Sergey Kolesnikov. He told Vedomosti that this was his civil position . . 29 December 2010 . 19 May 2018.
  14. News: Sergey Kolesnikov's tale of palatial corruption, Russian style . Ignatius . David . David Ignatius . 23 December 2010 . . 23 July 2011.
  15. Web site: Gessen. Masha. etal. Сергей Колесников: Почему я рассказал про Дворец Путина. "Мы перешли границу между добром и злом в 2009 году" . 23 June 2011 . . ru . Sergey Kolesnikov: Why I told her about Putin's Palace. "We crossed the border between good and evil in 2009" . 12 May 2018.
  16. Dawisha p. 90
  17. Dawisha p. 97, 98, 165, 338
  18. Web site: Кооператив "Озеро" . kompromat.ru . ru . The "Lake" Cooperative . 6 March 2000 . 20 February 2016.
  19. Web site: Pribilovsky . Vladimir . Vladimir Pribylovsky . Origin of Putin's oligarchy . ru . 19 February 2016.
  20. News: "Thirteen": Vladimir Putin's Friends, Colleagues, Neighbors, And Acquaintances . . 27 December 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101227143302/http://premier.gov.ru/pda/eng/premier/press/ru/4558/ . 23 December 2009 . 12 May 2018. Alt URL
  21. Web site: 15 лет самому мутному "Озеру" в мире! . Novaya Gazeta . ru . 15 years of the most turbid "lake" in the world! . 11 November 2011 . 19 February 2016.
  22. Web site: Milov . O. . Nemtsov . B. . Ryzhkov . V. . Shorina . O. . Putin. Corruption. An independent white paper . Essel . Dave . putin-itogi.ru . 2011 . 19 February 2016.
  23. Web site: Shuklin . Peter . Putin's inner circle: who got in a new list of US sanctions . liga.net . 21 March 2014 . 20 February 2016 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150207152258/http://news.liga.net/articles/politics/1066761-blizhniy_krug_putina_kto_popal_v_novyy_spisok_sanktsiy_ssha.htm . 7 February 2015 .
  24. News: Кто теперь живет на "даче Путина" в кооперативе "Озеро" . Sobesednik . Moscow . ru . Who now lives on "Putin's dacha" in the cooperative "Lake" . 13 January 2016 . 20 February 2016.
  25. News: Crawford . David . Bensmann . Marcus . Putin's early years . . 30 July 2015 . 3 July 2021 . 18 November 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181118081447/https://correctiv.org/en/latest-stories/the-system-of-putin/2015/07/30/putins-early-years.
  26. Web site: Росинвест . . . 2005 . 19 May 2018.
  27. News: Grey. Stephen. Bush. Jason. Anin. Roman. Roman Anin. 21 May 2014. Billion-dollar medical project helped fund "Putin's palace" on the Black Sea. Reuters. Moscow. 28 April 2018.
  28. News: Шлейнов . Роман (Shleinov, Roman) . С кем приходилось вести дела Владимиру Путину: "Ведомости" изучили героев истории Максима Фрейдзона: кто остался не у дел, кто добился карьерного роста и при чем здесь российский президент . Who did Vladimir Putin have to do business with? Vedomosti studied the heroes of the story of Maxim Freidzon: who was left out of work, who achieved career growth, and what does the Russian president have to do with it? . ru . . 7 June 2015 . 13 December 2023 . 13 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231213035123/https://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2015/06/08/595560-s-kem-prihodilos-vesti-dela-vladimiru-putinu.
  29. Web site: Кирилл Николаевич Шамалов. ru. Kirill Nikolayevich Shamalov. 8 April 2015. 138. 10. 28 April 2016. Kommersant.
  30. Web site: Троицкий технопарк ФИАН . Lebedev Institute of Physics . ru . Troitsk Technopark FIAN . 10 May 2018.
  31. http://www.ladoga-park.ru/a100425111141.html Вместо «резиденции Путина» в карельском Приладожье будут строиться элитные дачи? (Elite summer cottages to be built instead of "Putin's residence" in the Karelian Ladoga region?)
  32. https://archive.today/20210709003858/https://www.interfax.ru/business/528580 Совладелец банка "Россия" Шамалов расширит скотоводческий комплекс в Карелии (Shamalov, co-owner of the Rossiya bank, will expand the cattle-breeding complex in Karelia)
  33. https://archive.today/20210709003912/http://www.cbr.ru/rbr/issue_msg/doc/?id=20079 Закрытое акционерное общество "КАЛА-РАНТА" (Республика Карелия, Лахденпохский район, поселок Отсанлахти) (Closed joint-stock company "KALA-RANTA" (Republic of Karelia, Lakhdenpohsky district, Otsanlakhti village))
  34. News: У петербургского банка "Россия" в кризис на Кипре завис миллиард долларов: По оценке независимых экспертов, на кипрском депозите в период заморозки находилась треть денежных средств организации. . ru . The St. Petersburg Bank "Russia" in the crisis in Cyprus, a billion dollars: According to independent experts, a third of the organization's money was frozen in the Cyprus accounts. . Neva.Today . 28 June 2013 . 12 May 2018.
  35. News: Revealed: the $2bn offshore trail that leads to Vladimir Putin . . London . 3 April 2016 . Luke . Harding . Luke Harding.
  36. Web site: Kotova. Yulia. Глава ВТБ назвал "бредом" сообщения о связи Путина с сетью офшоров. Head of VTB called it "delirium" the announcement about the Putin's connection with off-shore networks. https://web.archive.org/web/20160404213419/http://www.rbc.ru/business/04/04/2016/57022f249a79476ce1f4e1d9. 4 April 2016. RBC News. 28 April 2018. 4 April 2016. ru.
  37. News: Anastasiou . Angelos . Cyprus implicated in Panama papers (Update 4, adds Central Bank reaction) . Cyprus Mail online . 4 April 2016 . 18 May 2018.
  38. News: Panama Papers: Politicians The Power Players . . Washington, D.C. . 18 May 2018.
  39. News: Blum . Petra . Obermaier . Frederik . Obermayer . Bastian . Putin's rich friends . . 18 May 2018.
  40. News: Harding. Luke. Sergei Roldugin, the cellist who holds the key to tracing Putin's hidden fortune. The Guardian. 3 April 2016. 18 May 2018.
  41. Web site: Nikolai Shamalov . . 12 November 2016 . 28 April 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190413215637/http://www.dp.ru/images/article/2016/10/12/f54abb1b-a2c1-437c-a0c8-c726cc72f405.jpg . 13 April 2019.
  42. News: Васильев . Андрей (Vasiliev, Andrey). После Ротенберга хоть камни с неба. Как Крым стал прибыльным бизнесом для друзей Путина . After Rotenberg, even stones from the sky. How Crimea became a profitable business for Putin's friends . ru . . 25 January 2019 . 20 November 2020 . 29 January 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190129180253/https://theins.ru/korrupciya/137605.
  43. Dawisha p. 298
  44. News: Альба́ц . Евгения (Albats, Evgeniya) . Yevgenia Albats . 27 February 2012 . Чисто конкретный кандидат: Бизнес спасителя Отечества . ru . Purely specific candidate: Fatherland savior business . . 6 January 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120227125443/https://newtimes.ru/articles/detail/50206 . 27 February 2012.
  45. News: Болат Закарьянов. Ещё один повар Путина . Bolat Zakaryanov. Another Putin's cook . ru . protokol.band . 26 November 2023 . 5 December 2023 . 5 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231205232735/https://protokol.band/2023/11/26/zakaryanov/. Alternate archive
  46. Web site: Рейтинг миллиардеров "ДП" . ru . The rating of billionaires "DP" . Delovoy Petersburg . 28 April 2018.
  47. News: Council Decision 2014/508/CFSP of 30 July 2014 amending Decision 2014/145/CFSP concerning restrictive measures in respect of actions undermining or threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence of Ukraine . eur-lex.europa.eu . 28 April 2018.
  48. Web site: Sanctions List SOR/2014-195 . gazette.gc.ca . 6 August 2014 . 7 March 2018.
  49. Web site: Australia and sanctions: Consolidated List . Australian Government: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade . 2967 . 17 May 2018.
  50. Web site: Massnahmen zur Vermeidung der Umgehung internationaler Sanktionen im Zusammenhang mit der Situation in der Ukraine . . de . Measures to prevent circumvention of international sanctions in relation to the situation in Ukraine . 28 April 2018.
  51. News: Пороше́нко . Петро́ Олексі́йович . Petro Poroshenko . УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА УКРАЇНИ №467/2016: Про рішення Ради національної безпеки і оборони України від 16 вересня 2016 року "Про застосування персональних спеціальних економічних та інших обмежувальних заходів (санкцій)" . President of Ukraine website . uk . DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE No. 467/2016: On the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine dated 16 September 2016 "On the application of personal special economic and other restrictive measures (sanctions)" . 17 October 2016 . 27 February 2018.
  52. Web site: Пороше́нко . Петро́ Олексі́йович . Petro Poroshenko . Додаток 3 до рішення Ради національної безпеки і оборони України від 16 вересня 2016 року "Про застосування персональних спеціальних економічних та інших обмежувальних заходів (санкцій)" ФІЗИЧН І ОСОБИ, до яких застосовуються обмежувальні заходи (санкції) . uk . Annex 3 to the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine from 16 September 2016 "On the Application of Personal special economic and other restrictive measures (sanctions)": INDIVIDUALS, to which restrictive measures (sanctions) apply . 116 (#265 Шамалов Микола Терентійович) . 17 October 2016 . 17 May 2018.
  53. News: Ukraine crisis: Russia and sanctions . . 19 December 2014 . 28 April 2018.
  54. News: Burrows . Emma . Vladimir Putin's inner circle: Who's who, and how are they connected? . . 28 March 2017 . 28 April 2018.
  55. Web site: CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK . 16 April 2023.
  56. Web site: Коротков . Денис (Korotkov, Denis) . Гостайна по электричеству: Адреса объектов спецслужб и ФСО нашлись в открытом доступе . State secret on electricity: Addresses of special services and FSO facilities were found in the public domain . ru . Центра «Досье» (dossier.center) . 2 October 2023 . 16 November 2023 . 17 November 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231117014553/https://dossier.center/dz-russia/.
  57. Web site: Кто есть кто: Шамалов Юрий Николаевич . Who Is Who: Yuri Nikolayevich Shamalov . 28 April 2018 . Delovoy Petersburg . ru.
  58. News: AGENTS IN POWER . . 12 February 2008 . 12 December 2023 . 11 September 2012 . https://archive.today/20120911054306/http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?story_id=25000&action_id=2.
  59. Web site: Yuri Shamalov: President, Npf Gazfond . 28 April 2018 . Bloomberg.
  60. News: Ляшова . Юлия (Lyashova, Yulia) . Беньяш . Михаил (Benyash, Mikhail) . Савельев . Александр (Savelyev, Alexander) . Курдюков . Матвей (Kurdyukov, Matvey) . Мандригеля . Алексей (Mandrigelya, Alexey) . Пираты "Церковного озера". Куда делась вода Геленджика? . Pirates of Church Lake. Where did the Gelendzhik water go? . ru . protokol.band . 12 May 2021 . 5 December 2023 . 5 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231205232652/https://protokol.band/2021/05/12/piraty-ozera/.
  61. News: Grey . Stephen . Bergin . Tom . Musaieva . Sevgil . Anin . Roman . Roman Anin . 26 November 2014 . Comrade Capitalism: Putin's allies channelled billions to oligarch who backed pro-Russian president of Ukraine . . Moscow/Kyiv . Woods . Richard . 18 May 2018.
  62. News: 30 December 2015 . Putin's Son-in-Law Boosted by $1.75 Bln Russian State Loan . . 28 April 2018.
  63. Web site: Kirill Shamalov . 28 April 2018 . Forbes.
  64. News: Grey . Stephen . Kuzmin . Andrey . Piper . Elizabeth . 10 November 2015 . Putin's daughter, a young billionaire and the president's friends . Reuters . 28 April 2018.
  65. News: Stubbs . Jack . Kuzmin . Andrey . Grey . Stephen . Anin . Roman . 17 December 2015 . The man who married Putin's daughter and then made a fortune . Reuters . 28 April 2018.
  66. News: Reznik . Irina . Arkhipov . Ilya . Sazonov . Alexander . 26 January 2018 . Putin Family Split Offers Peek at Secret Dealings of Russia Inc. . . 25 April 2018.
  67. Web site: 6 April 2018 . США ввели санкции против семи российских олигархов и 17 чиновников из "кремлевского списка" . The US imposed sanctions against seven Russian oligarchs and 17 officials from the "Kremlin list" . 28 April 2018 . . ru.
  68. Web site: 6 April 2018 . Ukraine-/Russia-related Designations and Identification Update . 28 April 2018 . United States Department of the Treasury.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Nikolai Shamalov".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.