| Nikolai Krasilnikov | |
| Birth Name: | Nikolai Aleksandrovich Krasilnikov |
| Birth Date: | 18 December 1896 |
| Birth Place: | Village Podvyazki, Mosalsky Uyezd, Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Death Place: | Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Citizenship: | Soviet |
| Nationality: | Russian |
| Fields: | Soil microbiology |
Nikolai Aleksandrovich Krasilnikov (Russian: Никола́й Алекса́ндрович Краси́льников; December 18, 1896 – July 11, 1973) was a Soviet microbiologist, bacteriologist and soil scientist.