Nikola Kirov Explained

Nikola Kirov
Никола Киров
Birth Date:28 June 1880
Birth Place:Kruševo, Manastir Vilayet, Ottoman Empire (now North Macedonia)
Death Place:Sofia, People's Republic of Bulgaria
Occupation:Teacher, publicist, revolutionary

Nikola Kirov (Никола Киров; 28 June 1880 – 2 August 1962) was a Bulgarian teacher, revolutionary and public figure,[1] [2] [3] a member of IMRO.

Biography

Nikola Kirov was born on 28 June 1880 in Kırşova, in the Manastir Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire (present-day North Macedonia).[4] He completed basic education in his hometown, but then studied at the Bulgarian Men's High School in Bitola, from where he was expelled in 1898. He moved later to Thessaloniki and in 1902 graduated the Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki. In the high school he joined the IMRO.[5] During the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie uprising, Nikola Kirov was in Kruševo and participated in the declaration and defense of the Kruševo Republic, and after the uprising was the head of the Kruševo Revolutionary Committee.[6] He became Bulgarian Exarchate teacher in Embore and later in Debar and in 1911-1912 he was the director of the Bulgarian school in Resen.[7]

After the Second Balkan War he emigrated with his whole family to Bulgaria and graduated from Sofia University.[8] He participated in the activities of the Macedonian Federative Organization and of the Ilinden (Organization). In 1923 he published the novel "Ilinden", in which he attributed to Nikola Karev the creation of the Kruševo Manifesto.[9] It was one of the first literary works that were published in his native Prilep-Bitola dialect,[10] even before there was a standardized Macedonian language.[11] He is the author of the works "Looking to Macedonia", "Krushevo and his struggles for freedom" (1935), "The Krushevo Epic", "Light to Darkness" and others. He also appeared as a playwright and poet. Kirov regularly published materials in the magazine "Ilinden". He died in 1962 in Sofia.[12]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Николов, Борис Й. Вътрешна македоно-одринска революционна организация. Войводи и ръководители (1893-1934). Биографично-библиографски справочник, София, 2001, стр. 76 - 77.
  2. Although Yugoslav-era historians in the Republic of Macedonia objected to Kirov-Majski's classification of Macedonia's Slavic population as Bulgarian, they quickly embraced all else in his narrative of events and attitudes in 1903 as definitive. For more see:Keith Brown, The Past in Question: Modern Macedonia and the Uncertainties of Nation, Princeton University Press, 2003,, p. 81.
  3. The account of the Macedono-Bulgarian author Nikola Kirov-Mayski is very popular in the FYROM and it is one of the primary sources on the rebellion, even though, similar to the two Greek accounts, Kirov-Mayski mentions Bulgarians, Vlachs and Greeks, but no ethnic Macedonians who participated in the Ilinden Rebellion in Krushevo. For more see: Chris Kostov, Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto, 1900-1996, Volume 7 of Nationalisms across the globe, Peter Lang, 2010,, p. 71.
  4. Dimitar Bechev, Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Scarecrow Press, 2009,, p. 116.
  5. Кандиларовъ, Георги Ст. Българскитѣ гимназии и основни училища въ Солунъ (по случай на 50-годишнината на солунскитѣ български гимназии). София, Македонски Наученъ Институтъ, печатница П. Глушковъ, 1930. с. 97.
  6. Киров, Никола. Спомени и преживелици, Македония, год. VI, бр. 1760, 2 септември 1932, с. 4, бр. 1761, 3 септември 1932, с. 4, бр. 1762, 5 септември 1932, с. 4.
  7. Генов, Георги. Беломорска Македония 1908 - 1916, Торонто, 2006, стр.37.
  8. Поповски, Търпо. Македонски дневник. Спомени на отец Търпо Поповски, Фама, София, 2006, стр. 151.
  9. Myths and boundaries in south-eastern Europe, Author Pål Kolstø, Publisher Hurst & Co., 2005, p. 284.
  10. The Bulgarian Ministry of Education officially codified standard Bulgarian language in 1899, while Macedonian was finally codified in 1950 in Communist Yugoslavia, that finalized the progressive split in the common Macedonian–Bulgarian pluricentric area. Macedonian dialects are still considered to be Bulgarian in Bulgaria. For more see: Victor Roudometof. Collective memory, national identity, and ethnic conflict: Greece, Bulgaria, and the Macedonian question (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002), p. 41.
  11. Torsten Szobries: Sprachliche Aspekte des nation-building in Mazedonien. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, S. 56.
  12. Николов, Борис. ВМОРО - псевдоними и шифри 1893-1934, Звезди, 1999, стр. 72-73.

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