Nguyễn Phúc Khoát Explained

Nguyễn Phúc Khoát
阮福濶
Nguyễn lords
Lord of Cochinchina
Father:Nguyễn Phúc Chú
Mother:Trương Thị Thư
Spouse:Trương Thị Dung
Trần Thị Xạ
Nguyễn Phúc Ngọc Cầu
Issue:Nguyễn Phúc Chương
Nguyễn Phúc Luân (father of Gia Long)
Nguyễn Phúc Hạo (father of Nguyễn Phúc Dương)
Nguyễn Phúc Thuần
Birth Date:26 September 1714
Death Place:Cochinchina
Regnal Name:Võ Vương (武王)
Full Name:Nguyễn Phúc Khoát (阮福濶)
Succession:Nguyễn Lords
Reign:1738 - 1765
Predecessor:Nguyễn Phúc Trú
Successor:Nguyễn Phúc Thuần
House:Nguyễn Phúc
Temple Name:Thế Tông (世宗)
Posthumous Name:Kiền Cương Uy Đoán thần Nghị Thánh Du Nhân Từ Duệ Trí Hiếu Vũ Hoàng Đế
乾剛威斷神毅聖猷仁慈睿智孝武皇帝
Religion:Buddhism

Nguyễn Phúc Khoát (26 September 1714 – 7 July 1765) was one of the Nguyễn lords who ruled over the southern portion of Vietnam from the 16th-18th centuries. Also known as Chúa Võ (主武) or Võ vương (武王)[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] (roughly Martial King), he continued the southern expansion undertaken by his predecessor, Nguyễn Phúc Trú. Provinces and districts originally belonging to Cambodia were taken by Khoát. The Vietnamese-Cambodian border established by the end of his reign remains the border today.[6] [7] The de jure pretense of loyalty to the Lê dynasty was performed by Khoát.[8]

In 1747, Khoát sent a number of Vietnamese warriors to aid rebel princes of Cambodia against the newly crowned Cambodian King Ang Tong. These forces seized Sóc Trăng town and then moved towards Oudong, then royal capital of Cambodia. Ang Tong requested aid from Mạc Thiên Tứ, who secured a truce with the Nguyễn lord, in exchange for a few more provinces, namely Gò Công and Tân An. Ten years later, the Cambodian throne was seized by Outey II, with the help of Nguyễn and Mạc. In return for their contributions, he granted them seven provinces, including Sóc Trăng, Trà Vinh, Kampot, and Kompong Som.

Nguyễn Phúc Khoát died in 1765, and was succeeded by his sixteenth son, Nguyễn Phúc Thuần.[9] The presumed heir was originally his second son Nguyễn Phúc Chương.[10] After his death, his demise was taken advantage of by the Tây Sơn and its subsequent rebellion later in 1778.[11]

Culture

Trousers and tunics on the Chinese pattern in 1774 were ordered by the Võ vương Emperor to replace the traditional Vietnamese skirt of women.[12] However, Han-Chinese clothing are assembled by several pieces of clothing including both pants and skirts called quần (裙) or thường (裳) which is a part of Hanfu garments throughout the history of Han Chinese clothing. The Chinese Han, Tang and Ming dynasty clothing was referred to by Nguyễn Phúc Khoát.[13]

Missionaries and Christianity were banned by Nguyễn Phúc Khoát in 1750,[14] however he did listened to music by western missionaries.[15]

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Book: Ingo Barens. Volker Caspari. Bertram Schefold. Political Events and Economic Ideas. 1 January 2004. Edward Elgar Publishing. 978-1-84542-152-6. 406–.
  2. Book: Elijah Coleman Bridgman. Samuel Wells Willaims. The Chinese Repository. 1847. proprietors.. 585–.
  3. Book: Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 1882. Kelly & Walsh.. 57–.
  4. Book: Sir James Haldane Stewart Lockhart. G. B. Glover. The Currency of the Farther East from the Earliest Times Up to the Present Day. 1898. Noronha & Company. 51–.
  5. Book: George Edson Dutton. The Tây S_n Uprising: Society and Rebellion in Eighteenth-century Vietnam. 2006. University of Hawaii Press. 978-0-8248-2984-1. 279–.
  6. Book: George Coedes. The Making of South East Asia (RLE Modern East and South East Asia). 15 May 2015. Taylor & Francis. 978-1-317-45094-8. 175–.
  7. Book: G. Coedes. George Cœdès. The Making of South East Asia. 1966. University of California Press. 978-0-520-05061-7. 213–.
  8. Book: Victor Lieberman. Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c.800–1830. 26 May 2003. Cambridge University Press. 978-1-139-43762-2. 419–.
  9. Anh Thư Hà, Hồng Đức Trần A Brief Chronology of Vietnam's History 2000 p.166 "He was the sixteenth son of Nguyễn Phúc Khoát. At first, Nguyễn Phúc Khoát chose his ninth son Phúc Hiệu as the Heir Apparent, but Phúc Hiệu died at a young age while Nguyễn Phúc Dương, Phúc Hiện̉s son, was still an infant."
  10. Book: Alastair Lamb. The Mandarin road to old Hué: narratives of Anglo-Vietnamese diplomacy from the 17th century to the eve of the French conquest. June 1970. Archon Books. 89.
  11. Book: Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society: 1961 . The Branch . 1961 . 32.
  12. Book: Anthony Reid . Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450-1680: The Lands Below the Winds . 9 May 1990 . Yale University Press . 978-0-300-04750-9 . 90.
  13. Book: Jayne Werner. John K. Whitmore. George Dutton. Sources of Vietnamese Tradition. 21 August 2012. Columbia University Press. 978-0-231-51110-0. 295–.
  14. Book: Nicholas Belfield Dennys. The China Review, Or, Notes and Queries on the Far East. 1890. "China Mail" Office. 25–.
  15. Book: Tamkang Review. 2001. Graduate Institute of Western Languages and Literature Research, Tamkang College of Arts and Sciences. 32.