| Nghệ An Province | |||||
| Native Name: | Tỉnh Nghệ An | ||||
| Native Name Lang: | vi | ||||
| Type: | Province | ||||
| Image Map1: |
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| Coordinates: | 19.3333°N 154°W | ||||
| Subdivision Type: | Country | ||||
| Subdivision Type1: | Region | ||||
| Subdivision Name1: | North Central Coast | ||||
| Seat Type: | Capital | ||||
| Seat: | Vinh | ||||
| Leader Title: | People's Council Chair | ||||
| Leader Name: | Thái Thanh Quý | ||||
| Leader Title1: | People's Committee Chair | ||||
| Leader Name1: | Nguyễn Đức Trung | ||||
| Area Footnotes: | [1] | ||||
| Area Total Km2: | 16486.49 | ||||
| Population Footnotes: | [2] | ||||
| Population Total: | 3,820,000 | ||||
| Population As Of: | 2022 | ||||
| Population Density Km2: | auto | ||||
| Demographics Type1: | Demographics | ||||
| Demographics1 Title1: | Ethnicities | ||||
| Demographics1 Info1: | Vietnamese, Khơ Mú, Thai, Thổ, Mường, H'Mông | ||||
| Demographics Type2: | GDP[3] | ||||
| Demographics2 Title1: | Total | ||||
| Demographics2 Info1: | VND 115.676 trillion US$ 5.024 billion | ||||
| Timezone: | ICT | ||||
| Utc Offset: | +7 | ||||
| Area Code Type: | Area codes | ||||
| Area Code: | 238 | ||||
| Iso Code: | VN-22 | ||||
Nghệ An (pronounced as /vi/) is a coastal province near the northernmost part of the North Central Coast region, Central Vietnam. It borders Thanh Hóa to the north, Hà Tĩnh to the south, Xiangkhouang, Bolikhamsai and Houaphan of Laos to the west, and the East Sea (Gulf of Tonkin) to the east.
Nghệ An is Vietnam's largest province by area. It is located on the east–west economic corridor connecting Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam along National Route 7 to the port of Cửa Lò.
Nghệ An has one city, three towns and 17 districts. Vinh is the capital of Nghệ An and the economic and cultural center of the province and of the whole North Central Coast.
Nghệ An and Thanh Hoá were the bases of the Lê dynasty against the Mạc dynasty in the 1530s.[4]
Nghệ An is subdivided into 21 district-level sub-divisions:
They are further subdivided into 17 commune-level towns (or townlets), 431 communes, and 32 wards.
Nghệ An has a total forest land area of 972,910.52 ha. Of which, production forest is 501,634.85 hectares, protection forest is 302,068.47 hectares, special-use forest is 169,207.2 hectares. With a total reserve of about 50 million cubic meters, over 1,000 million of bamboo trees are a significant source of raw materials for forestry exploitation and the development of forest-based industries.Nghệ An has 82 km long coastline with an area of 4,230 nautical miles per square foot, along the coast has 6 creeks, over 3,000 ha of saltwater and brackish water, and 12,000 ha of freshwater and brackish water surface. Aquaculture development and processing.Nghệ An has a large reserve of some minerals, especially minerals used for the production of construction materials such as limestone for cement production of nearly 4 billion tons; White limestone over 900 million tons; Clay for cement materials is over 1.2 billion tons; Clay for high-grade ceramics 5 million m3; Construction stone of 500 million m3; Basalt rock 260 million m3; Paving stones: Granite: 150 million m3, Marble 300 million m3, etc.
Nghệ An has six national highways running through the province (NH 1A, NH 15, NH Ho Chi Minh, NH7, NH46, NH48). There is a trans-Asia route from Laos through the Thanh Thuy border gate to Cửa Lò and Dong Hoi port, along with provincial and district roads to create an interconnected network linking districts and economic zones. Cửa Lò port has a capacity of 3 million tons per year, and is capable of accommodating 10,000 DWT vessels. Currently, a deep-water port has been planned and is being built to accommodate ships of 50,000 DWT–100,000 DWT. In addition, Dong Hoi is a dedicated port that is currently being built and is capable of receiving 30,000–50,000 DWT vessels.
Nghệ An's Vinh International Airport is the main airport of the North Central region and is the fifth most visited international airport in Vietnam. Currently, Vietnam Airlines, VietJet Air and Pacific Airlines operate an on average 26 flights per day. Vietnam Airlines operates four return flights: Vinh–Hanoi, Vinh–Ho Chi Minh City, Vinh–Da Nang and Vinh–Vientiane, Laos; VietJet Air operates Vinh–Ho Chi Minh City and Vinh–Da Lat; Pacific Airlines operates Vinh–Ho Chi Minh City and Vinh–Buon Ma Thuot.
Nghệ An has 94 km of the north–south railway. In particular, Ga Vinh is a first class station, and is the third largest passenger and cargo terminal and hub in the country. In addition, there was the Cau Giat–Thai Hoa railway to the western mountainous districts of the province, although it has since been shut down.
With 419 km of land border with Laos (the longest country), Nghệ An has 4 border gates to Laos. Of which, 1 international gate of Nam Can (Ky Son) and 1 national border gate of Thanh Thuy (Thanh Chuong) has been planned as an international border gate and two additional border gates: Thong Thu (Que Phong) and Cao Ou (Anh Son) is a satellite and a hub for import and export activities in the North West, connecting the provinces from the North to the Central provinces of Vietnam with the provinces of Central, Northern Laos, Northeast of Thailand and Myanmar.
Nghệ An is one of the few localities where the Politburo issued a separate resolution on economic and social development, namely Resolution 26. Nghệ An is known as a province with great industrial potential in Vietnam, producing cement, sugar, milk, white stones and many other products.
The major industrial zones of the province are Vietnam Singapore Industrial Park or VSIP (15 km2), Hemaraj (30 km2), Nam Cam (4 km2) and Dong Hoi.
There are six universities in Nghệ An, all of them are in Vinh city, the capital of Nghệ An province. The biggest one is Vinh University.
In addition to the majority Vietnamese people, the province is home to the Thổ people and Tai peoples such as the Red Tai, Tai Thanh and Tai Hang Tong. Some Ơ Đu people also live here.