Next Japanese general election explained

Country:Japan
Type:parliamentary
Ongoing:yes
Previous Election:2021 Japanese general election
Previous Year:2021
Election Date:By 29 October 2025
Seats For Election:All 465 seats in the House of Representatives
Majority Seats:233
Party1:Liberal Democratic
Leader1:TBD[1]
Leader Since1:September 2024
Last Election1:259 seats
Seats Before1:255
Party2:Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan
Leader2:Kenta Izumi
Leader Since2:30 November 2021
Last Election2:96 seats
Seats Before2:98
Seats Needed2: 135
Party3:Ishin
Leader3:Nobuyuki Baba
Leader Since3:30 November 2021
Last Election3:41 seats
Seats Before3:41
Seats Needed3: 192
Party4:Komeito
Leader4:Natsuo Yamaguchi
Leader Since4:8 September 2009
Last Election4:32 seats
Seats Before4:32
Seats Needed4: 201
Party5:Japanese Communist Party
Leader5:Tomoko Tamura
Leader Since5:18 January 2024
Last Election5:10 seats
Seats Before5:10
Seats Needed5: 223
Party6:Democratic Party For the People
Leader6:Yuichiro Tamaki
Leader Since6:7 May 2018
Last Election6:11 seats
Seats Before6:7
Seats Needed6: 226
Party7:Free Education For All
Leader7:Seiji Maehara
Leader Since7:30 November 2023
Last Election7:Did not exist
Seats Before7:4
Seats Needed7: 229
Party8:Reiwa Shinsengumi
Leader8:Tarō Yamamoto
Leader Since8:1 April 2019
Last Election8:3 seats
Seats Before8:3
Seats Needed8: 230
Party9:Social Democratic Party of Japan
Leader9:Mizuho Fukushima
Leader Since9:22 February 2020
Last Election9:1 seat
Seats Before9:1
Seats Needed9: 232
Prime Minister
Before Party:Liberal Democratic

General elections are scheduled to be held in Japan by 31 October 2025, as required by the constitution. Voting will take place in all Representatives constituencies including proportional blocks, in order to appoint Members of Diet to seats in the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. As the cabinet has to resign after a general House of Representatives election in the first post-election Diet session (Constitution, Article 70), the lower house election will also lead to a new election of the Prime Minister in the Diet, and the appointment of a new cabinet (even if the same ministers are re-appointed).

Political parties

See also: List of political parties in Japan.

PartiesLeaderIdeologySeatsStatus
Last electionBefore election
Liberal Democratic PartyFumio Kishida
Constitutional Democratic Party of JapanKenta IzumiSocial liberalismrowspan="2"
Nippon Ishin no KaiNobuyuki BabaRight-wing populism
Economic liberalism
KomeitoNatsuo YamaguchiBuddhist democracy
Japanese Communist PartyTomoko TamuraCommunismrowspan="5"
Democratic Party For the PeopleYuichiro TamakiConservatism
Free Education For AllSeiji MaeharaNew
Reiwa ShinsengumiTarō YamamotoProgressivism
Left-wing populism
Social Democratic PartyMizuho Fukushima

Reapportionment

The electoral districts will be readjusted according to the results of the 2020 Japan census. Originally, it was intended to be readjusted for the last election, but it was held in the existing constituencies not long after the census results came out.[2] [3]

Newly created seats

Ten new districts and three new block seats will be created.

  1. Tokyo-26th
  2. Tokyo-27th
  3. Tokyo-28th
  4. Tokyo-29th
  5. Tokyo-30th
  6. Kanagawa-19th
  7. Kanagawa-20th
  8. Saitama-16th
  9. Aichi-16th
  10. Chiba-14th
  11. 18th Tokyo block seat
  12. 19th Tokyo block seat
  13. 23rd Minami-Kanto block seat

Seats to be eliminated

Ten districts and three block seats will be eliminated.

  1. Hiroshima-7th
  2. Miyagi-6th
  3. Niigata-6th
  4. Fukushima-5th
  5. Okayama-5th
  6. Shiga-4th
  7. Yamaguchi-4th
  8. Ehime-4th
  9. Nagasaki-4th
  10. Wakayama-3rd
  11. 13th Tohoku block seat
  12. 11th Hokurikushinetsu block seat
  13. 11th Chugoku block seat

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Japan set for new PM as Fumio Kishida bows out as party leader . 2024-08-14 . www.bbc.com . en-GB.
  2. Web site: 小選挙区「10増10減」へ 国勢調査受け、次々回から. 21 November 2021. The Asahi Shimbun. 25 June 2021 . ja. Single-seat constituencies to increase by 10, decrease by 10.
  3. Web site: 衆院小選挙区「10増10減」 アダムズ方式で格差是正―政府、来年にも法案提出. 21 November 2021. Jiji Press. ja. 25 June 2021. House of Representatives single-seat constituency "10 increase, 10 decrease" Adams method to correct disparities-government to submit bill next year.