Newton, New Jersey Explained

Newton, New Jersey
Settlement Type:Town
Mapsize:250x200px
Image Map1:Census_Bureau_map_of_Newton,_New_Jersey.png
Mapsize1:250x200px
Map Caption1:Census Bureau map of Newton, New Jersey
Pushpin Map:USA New Jersey Sussex County#USA New Jersey#USA
Pushpin Label:Newton
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in Sussex County##Location in New Jersey##Location in the United States
Pushpin Relief:yes
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: United States
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Sussex
Government Type:Faulkner Act (council–manager)
Governing Body:Town Council
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:John-Paul E. Couce (term ends December 31, 2024)[1]
Leader Title1:Manager
Leader Name1:Thomas S. Russo Jr.[2]
Established Title:Incorporated
Leader Title2:Municipal clerk
Leader Name2:Teresa A. Oswin[3]
Established Date:April 11, 1864
Unit Pref:Imperial
Area Footnotes:[4]
Area Total Km2:8.76
Area Land Km2:8.70
Area Water Km2:0.06
Area Total Sq Mi:3.38
Area Land Sq Mi:3.36
Area Water Sq Mi:0.02
Area Water Percent:0.65
Area Rank:317th of 565 in state
18th of 24 in county[5]
Population As Of:2020
Population Total:8374
Population Rank:283rd of 565 in state
5th of 24 in county[6]
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Density Sq Mi:2492.3
Population Density Rank:252nd of 565 in state
3rd of 24 in county
Population Est:8240
Pop Est As Of:2023
Timezone:Eastern (EST)
Utc Offset:−05:00
Timezone Dst:Eastern (EDT)
Utc Offset Dst:−04:00
Elevation Footnotes:[7]
Elevation Ft:663
Coordinates Footnotes:[8]
Coordinates:41.0515°N -74.7536°W
Postal Code Type:ZIP Code
Postal Code:07860[9] [10]
Area Code:973 exchanges: 300, 383, 579, 940[11]
Blank Name:FIPS code
Blank Info:3403751930[12] [13]
Blank1 Name:GNIS feature ID
Blank1 Info:0885322[14]

Newton, officially the Town of Newton, is an incorporated municipality and the county seat of Sussex County[15] in the U.S. state of New Jersey, situated approximately northwest of New York City.[16] As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 8,374, its highest decennial population ever, an increase of 377 (+4.7%) from the 2010 census count of 7,997, which in turn reflected a decrease of 247 (−3.0%) from the 8,244 counted in the 2000 census.[17]

One of 15 municipalities in the state organized as a town, the municipal government operates under a council-manager structure provided by the Faulkner Act, or Optional Municipal Charter Law. Newton was incorporated by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 11, 1864, from portions of Newton Township, which was also partitioned to create Andover Township and Hampton Township, and was then dissolved. Additional land was acquired from Andover Township in 1869 and 1927, and from Fredon Township in 1920.[18]

History

See also: Newton Township, Sussex County, New Jersey.

In the eighteenth century

Newton is located near the headwaters of the east branch of the Paulins Kill, a 41.6miles tributary of the Delaware River.[19] In October 1715, Colonial surveyor Samuel Green plotted a tract of 2500acres at the head of the Paulins Kill, then known as the Tohokenetcunck River, on behalf of William Penn. This tract, which would not be settled for approximately 30–35 years, was part of the survey and division of the last acquisition of Native American land by the West Jersey Board of Proprietors. At the time of Green's survey, northwestern New Jersey was populated with bands of the Munsee, the northern branch of the Lenape Native Americans.

The first recorded European settler within the boundaries of present-day Newton was a German Palatine immigrant named Henry Hairlocker who arrived sometime before 1751 when he appears in Morris County records as receiving a tavern license. The Newtown Precinct, a large township, was created in 1751, and Sussex County was created from Morris two years later on June 8, 1753. The township would be named Newtown after the colonial village of Newtown in Queens, New York from where the Pettit family originated (the six Pettit brothers, all prominent landowners and influential figures in early local government, settled in northwestern New Jersey in the 1740s) or from its status as a "new town".[20]

In 1762, Jonathan Hampton, of Elizabethtown, surveyed the location for a county courthouse and town green at the intersection of a military supply road he built during the French and Indian War and a major north–south artery called the King's Highway (present-day New Jersey Route 94). The construction of the courthouse was completed in 1765 and the village that developed around it became known as Sussex Court House. The county courthouse was the site of a raid by British partisan Lieutenant James Moody during the American Revolution.

In 1797, the village's post office was renamed Newtown and later, in 1825, the spelling was altered to Newton. Newton Township would cede land to create new townships on several occasions in the eighteenth and nineteenth-centuries, until a final division dissolved the township on April 11, 1864, through a legislative act of New Jersey Legislature that created the village of Newton as an incorporated town and two rural townships—Hampton and Andover.[18]

Historic district

Newton Town Plot Historic District
Nrhp Type:HD
Nocat:yes
Location:Church, High, Main, Moran, and Spring Streets; Park Place
Architecture:Late 19th And Early 20th Century American Movements, Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian
Added:November 12, 1992
Refnum:92001521
Designated Other1 Name:New Jersey Register of Historic Places
Designated Other1 Abbr:NJRHP
Designated Other1 Link:New Jersey Register of Historic Places
Designated Other1 Date:September 24, 1992
Designated Other1 Number:2615[21]
Designated Other1 Num Position:bottom
Designated Other1 Color:
  1. ffc94b

The Newton Town Plot Historic District is a 17acres historic district encompassing the Town Plot section of Newton, along Church, High, Main, Moran, and Spring Streets; and Park Place. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1992, for its significance in architecture, commerce, community planning, settlement, and politics from 1762 to 1941. The district includes 51 contributing buildings, three contributing objects, and two contributing sites. It includes the Sussex County Courthouse, which was added individually to the NRHP in 1979 and the Hill Memorial, added in 1985. The Sussex and Merchants National Bank was built in 1927 with Georgian Revival style and some Beaux Arts ornamentation. The Old Newton Burial Ground, established 1762, is a contributing site. It features a bas relief of Father Time on the cast-iron entrance gates.[22]

Geography

See also: Geography of New Jersey.

Geological features

Newton is located in the Kittatinny Valley, a segment of the Great Appalachian Valley. The Great Appalachian Valley is a gigantic trough—a 1,200-mile-long (1,900 km) chain of valley lowlands that stretches about from Quebec to Alabama and is the easternmost edge of Ridge and Valley Appalachians physiographic province. This physiographic province, one of five in New Jersey, occupies approximately two-thirds of the county's area (the county's western and central sections) dominated by Kittatinny Mountain and the Kittatinny Valley. This province's contour is characterized by long, even ridges with long, continuous valleys in between that generally run parallel from southwest to northeast. The features of the Ridge and Valley province were created approximately 300–400 million years ago during the Ordovician period and Appalachian orogeny—a period of tremendous pressure and rock thrusting that caused the creation of the Appalachian Mountains.[23] [24] This region is largely formed by sedimentary rock.[25] [26]

Newton's land area drains into the watersheds of the Paulins Kill and Pequest River—two rivers that are tributaries of the Delaware River. These watersheds are separated by slate ridges that are part of the Martinsburg Formation. These slate ridges were quarried for slate for roofs and other industrial purposes beginning with a quarry opened by Elijah Blackwell in 1859 that operated under a series of different owners and commercial entities until 1930.[27]

Political geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town had a total area of 3.38 square miles (8.76 km2), including 3.36 square miles (8.70 km2) of land and 0.02 square miles (0.06 km2) of water (0.65%).[5]

The Town of Newton is bordered to the north and east by Hampton Township, to the west by Fredon Township, and to the south by Andover Township.[28] [29] [30]

Climate and weather

Because of its location in the higher elevations of northwestern New Jersey's Appalachian mountains, Newton, as well as the rest of Sussex County, has a cooler humid continental climate or microthermal climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb) which indicates patterns of significant precipitation in all seasons and at least four months where the average temperature rises above [31] [32] [33] This differs from the rest of the state which is generally a humid mesothermal climate, in which temperatures range between −3 °C (27 °F) and 18 °C (64 °F) during the year's coldest month.[34] Sussex County is part of USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 6.[35] [36]

During winter and early spring, New Jersey in some years is subject to "nor'easters"—significant storm systems that have proven capable of causing blizzards or flooding throughout the northeastern United States. Hurricanes and tropical storms, tornadoes, and earthquakes are relatively rare. The Kittatinny Valley to the north of Newton, part of the Great Appalachian Valley, experiences a snowbelt phenomenon and has been categorized as a microclimate region known as the "Sussex County Snow Belt." This region receives approximately 40to of snow per year and generally more snowfall that the rest of Northern New Jersey and the Northern Climate Zone.[37] This phenomenon is attributed to the orographic lift of the Kittatinny Ridge which impacts local weather patterns by increasing humidity and precipitation.[38]

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Newton have ranged from a low of in January to a high of in July. Average monthly precipitation ranged from in February to in June.[39]

According to the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service soil survey, the area receives sunshine approximately 62% of the time in summer and 48% in winter. Prevailing winds are typically from the southwest for most of year; but in late winter and early spring come from the northwest. The lowest recorded temperature was −26 °F on January 21, 1994. The highest recorded temperature was 104F on September 3, 1953. The heaviest one-day snowfall was recorded on January 8, 1996 (combined with the next day, total snowfall was 40 inches). The heaviest one-day rainfall—— was recorded on August 19, 1955.[40]

Demographics

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 7,997 people, 3,170 households, and 1,842 families in the town. The population density was . There were 3,479 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup was 85.04% (6,801) White, 4.88% (390) Black or African American, 0.49% (39) Native American, 2.98% (238) Asian, 0.05% (4) Pacific Islander, 4.34% (347) from other races, and 2.23% (178) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.34% (987) of the population.

Of the 3,170 households, 27.2% had children under the age of 18; 40.1% were married couples living together; 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present and 41.9% were non-families. Of all households, 36.1% were made up of individuals and 16.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 3.06.

21.2% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, the population had 91.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 87.6 males.

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $48,702 (with a margin of error of ± $7,922) and the median family income was $72,266 (± $10,712). Males had a median income of $57,369 (± $5,859) versus $29,676 (± $3,910) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $25,296 (± $2,141). About 10.9% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.2% of those under age 18 and 16.6% of those age 65 or over.[41]

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States census there were 8,244 people, 3,258 households, and 1,941 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 3,425 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 91.97% White, 2.80% African American, 0.13% Native American, 1.97% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 1.16% from other races, and 1.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.80% of the population.[42] [43]

There were 3,258 households, out of which 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.0% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.12.[42] [43]

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.5 males.[42] [43]

The median income for a household in the town was $44,667, and the median income for a family was $56,484. Males had a median income of $41,089 versus $30,016 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,577. About 6.9% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.4% of those under age 18 and 11% of those age 65 or over.[42] [43]

Arts and culture

Museums, galleries, and libraries

Newton is home to the Sussex County Historical Societys Hill Memorial Museum, the oldest continuously operating museum building in the state. The society, founded in 1904, offers a research and genealogical collection, and displays focused on the region's history, from Mastodon bones and Native American artifacts and from the Revolutionary War to World War II.

Performing arts

The Newton Theatre is a former Reilly and Hall movie theater originally constructed in 1924 that has been converted into a 605-seat performing arts center.[44]

Drama Geek Studios is a non-profit community theatre group, based in Newton, NJ by the Newton Theatre. They offer classes, workshops, and performances to people of all ages in Sussex County.

Religion

Newton's community offers a range of Christian houses of worship and one Jewish synagogue. These include:

Sports

Skylands Park in nearby Frankford Township, is the home of the Sussex County Miners, who play in the Frontier League.

Parks and recreation

Government

Local government

Newton operates under the Council-Manager form of municipal government (Plan B), in accordance with the Faulkner Act, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, as one of 42 municipalities (of the 564) in the state to use this form.[48] This form of government was implemented based on the recommendations of a Charter Study Commission as of July 1, 1978.[49] The town's governing board is comprised of a five-member Town Council, whose members are chosen at-large in non-partisan elections to four-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats coming up for election in November of even-numbered years in alternating fashion.[50] [51] The council selects a mayor and deputy mayor from among its members to serve one-year terms of office, at a reorganization meeting held annually in January.[2]

After voters passed a referendum in 2018, the town's municipal elections were shifted from May to November.[52]

, members of the Town Council are Mayor John-Paul E. Couce (term on council and as mayor ends December 31, 2024), Deputy Mayor Helen R. Le Frois (term on council ends 2026; term as deputy mayor ends 2024), Matthew S. Dickson (2026), Sandra Lee Diglio (2026) and Michelle J. Teets (2024).[53] [54] [55] [56]

Federal, state and county representation

Since 1762, Newton has been the county seat of Sussex County. It is the location of the county's administrative offices, court facilities, and county jail. The town is located in the 5th Congressional District[57] and is part of New Jersey's 24th state legislative district.[58] [59] [60]

Politics

As of March 2011, there were a total of 4,476 registered voters in Newton, of which 881 (19.7% vs. 16.5% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 1,537 (34.3% vs. 39.3%) were registered as Republicans and 2,052 (45.8% vs. 44.1%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 6 voters registered as Libertarians or Greens.[61] Among the town's 2010 Census population, 56.0% (vs. 65.8% in Sussex County) were registered to vote, including 71.0% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 86.5% countywide).[61] [62]

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 1,546 votes (50.9% vs. 59.4% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 1,395 votes (45.9% vs. 38.2%) and other candidates with 87 votes (2.9% vs. 2.1%), among the 3,038 ballots cast by the town's 4,645 registered voters, for a turnout of 65.4% (vs. 68.3% in Sussex County).[63] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 1,747 votes (54.8% vs. 59.2% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 1,359 votes (42.6% vs. 38.7%) and other candidates with 62 votes (1.9% vs. 1.5%), among the 3,189 ballots cast by the town's 4,418 registered voters, for a turnout of 72.2% (vs. 76.9% in Sussex County).[64] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 1,903 votes (59.6% vs. 63.9% countywide), ahead of Democrat John Kerry with 1,220 votes (38.2% vs. 34.4%) and other candidates with 54 votes (1.7% vs. 1.3%), among the 3,191 ballots cast by the town's 4,359 registered voters, for a turnout of 73.2% (vs. 77.7% in the whole county).[65]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 67.3% of the vote (1,210 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 29.5% (531 votes), and other candidates with 3.2% (58 votes), among the 1,808 ballots cast by the town's 4,705 registered voters (9 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 38.4%.[66] [67] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 1,161 votes (57.0% vs. 63.3% countywide), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 620 votes (30.4% vs. 25.7%), Independent Chris Daggett with 203 votes (10.0% vs. 9.1%) and other candidates with 34 votes (1.7% vs. 1.3%), among the 2,037 ballots cast by the town's 4,323 registered voters, yielding a 47.1% turnout (vs. 52.3% in the county).[68]

Law enforcement and public safety

See also: Crime in New Jersey. Established in 1910, Newton has a municipal police department, currently under the leadership of its 12th Chief of Police, Steven VanNieuwland,[69] who was appointed in June 2021.[70]

Newton is also home to the Sussex County Sheriff's Office.[71]

A barracks for the New Jersey State Police is located in Augusta, New Jersey, several miles north of Newton.

Education

Elementary and secondary schools

The Newton Public School District serves students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. The district's enrollment includes high school students from Andover Borough and Andover and Green townships, who attend the high school as part of sending/receiving relationships.[72] [73] As of the 2021–22 school year, the district, comprised of three schools, had an enrollment of 1,586 students and 137.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.6:1.[74] Schools in the district (with 2021–22 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[75]) are Merriam Avenue School[76] with 451 students in grades PreK-4, Halsted Middle School[77] with 331 students in grades 5-8 and Newton High School[78] with 710 students in grades 9-12.[79] [80]

Founded in 1956, the Saint Joseph's Regional School was a private school affiliated with parish of Newton's Saint Joseph's Roman Catholic Church and overseen by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson.[81] St Joseph's provided classes from pre-kindergarten (ages 3–5) to seventh-grade for a total enrollment of 140 students. The school closed in June 2016 and was one of four schools that merged into Reverend George Brown School in Sparta.[82]

Higher education

See also: New Jersey County Colleges. Sussex County Community College (commonly referred to as SCCC) is an accredited, co-educational, two-year, public, community college located on a 167acres campus in Newton. The SCCC campus was formerly the site of Don Bosco College, a Roman Catholic seminary operated by the Salesian Order from 1928 until it was closed in the early 1980s and its campus sold to the Sussex County government in June 1989 for $4.2 million.[83] [84]

SCCC was authorized as a "college commission" in 1981 and began operations the following year. It became fully accredited in 1993 by the Commission on Higher Education of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.[85] [86] SCCC offers 40 associate degree and 16 post-secondary professional and health science certificate programs available both at traditional classes at its campus, through hybrid and online classes, and through distance learning.[87] [88] Many students who attend SCCC transfer to pursue the completion of their undergraduate college education at a four-year college or university.[89] The college also offers programs for advanced high school students, community education courses, and programs in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development.[90] The school had an enrollment of 3,012 students of which half attended full-time and half attended part-time.[91]

Infrastructure

Roads and highways

, the town had a total of of roadways, of which were maintained by the municipality, by Sussex County and by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[92]

Newton is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 206 (known within Newton as Woodside Avenue, Main Street, and Water Street), New Jersey Route 94 (known within Newton as High Street and Water Street), and County Route 519 (known within Newton as West End Avenue and Mill Street) and County Route 616 (known within Newton as Spring Street and Sparta Avenue).[93] Interstate 80 is accessible approximately to the south.

Public transportation

The nearest NJ Transit rail station is Netcong, approximately to the south.

Lakeland Bus Lines provides limited service between Newton and the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan.[94]

Local bus service is provided by the Skylands Connect bus, which connects to Sparta, Hamburg, and Sussex.[95]

Aviation

Newton Airport was a public-use airport located 3miles south of the central business district. The airport closed in 2013.[96]

Health care

Newton Memorial Hospital opened in the early 1930s during the Great Depression. The medical center was established using funds from a willed gift of $35,000 from Thomas Murray (to be specifically used to establish a hospital in Newton) and a $100,000 bequest from Clarence Linn. The hospital "is a short-term, fully accredited, 146-bed acute care, not-for-profit hospital serving more than 250,000 people in Warren and Sussex counties in New Jersey, Pike County in Pennsylvania and southern Orange County in New York."[97] Newton Memorial Hospital was bought by Atlantic Health System and changed its name to Newton Medical Center in 2011.[98]

Media

Newspapers

Newton is home to the editorial offices of New Jersey Herald, the state's oldest newspaper, founded in 1829.[99]

Radio and television

The town of Newton has three radio stations within its borders: WNNJ, on 103.7 FM, with a format of Rock,[100] WRSK-LP on 95.7 FM from Sussex County Community College with a format of oldies/big band/country/polka and WTOC (AM), which serves Newton in Spanish at 1360 AM.[101]

WMBC-TV is licensed to Newton, but its studios are in West Caldwell, New Jersey and its transmitter is near Lake Hopatcong.[102]

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Newton include:

Points of interest

References

Reading list

Notes and References

  1. https://www.state.nj.us/dca/home/2023mayors.pdf 2023 New Jersey Mayors Directory
  2. https://www.newtontownhall.com/57/Town-Manager Town Manager
  3. https://www.newtontownhall.com/17/Municipal-Clerk Municipal Clerk
  4. Web site: ArcGIS REST Services Directory. United States Census Bureau. October 11, 2022.
  5. https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_cousubs_34.txt 2019 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Places
  6. https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/dmograph/est/mcd/density.xlsx Population Density by County and Municipality: New Jersey, 2020 and 2021
  7. , Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 8, 2013.
  8. https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990
  9. http://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupResultsAction!input.action?resultMode=0&city=newton&state=NJ Look Up a ZIP Code for Newton, NJ
  10. http://www.state.nj.us/infobank/njzips.htm Zip Codes
  11. http://www.area-codes.com/search.asp?frmNPA=&frmNXX=&frmState=NJ&frmCounty=Sussex&frmCity=Newton Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Newton, NJ
  12. https://www.census.gov U.S. Census website
  13. https://mcdc.missouri.edu/applications/geocodes/?state=34 Geographic Codes Lookup for New Jersey
  14. http://geonames.usgs.gov US Board on Geographic Names
  15. http://www.nj.gov/state/archives/catctytable.html New Jersey County Map
  16. https://www.google.com/maps/dir/New+York+City+Center,+West+55th+Street,+New+York,+NY/41.052742,-74.754787/@40.8304486,-74.6511781,95193m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m8!4m7!1m5!1m1!1s0x89c258f9cfcb250d:0xdb570ddcb766e3a8!2m2!1d-73.9794531!2d40.7638204!1m0?hl=en Directions from New York City Center, 131 W 55th St, New York, NY 10019 to 23 Maple Ave, Newton, NJ 07860
  17. https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2010/2010data/table7cm.xls Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010
  18. Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 231. Accessed May 30, 2024.
  19. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), United States Geological Survey, Geographic Names Information System Feature Detail Report: Paulins Kill, entered September 8, 1979. Accessed May 11, 2015.
  20. Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 10, 2015.
  21. Web site: New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places - Sussex County . New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection - Historic Preservation Office . 5 . September 28, 2021 .
  22. Web site: [{{NRHP url|id=92001521}} National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Newton Town Plot Historic District ]. National Park Service. Kevin H. . Wright . September 1991 . With
  23. Hatcher, Robert D. Jr. "Tracking lower-to-mid-to-upper crustal deformation processes through time and space through three Paleozoic orogenies in the Southern Appalachians using dated metamorphic assemblages and faults" in Abstracts with Programs (Geological Society of America), Vol. 40, No. 6, 513. Accessed August 28, 2012.
  24. Bartholomew, M.J., and Whitaker, A.E., 2010, The Alleghanian deformational sequence at the foreland junction of the Central and Southern Appalachians in Tollo, R.P., Bartholomew, M.J., Hibbard, J.P., and Karabinos, P.M., eds., From Rodinia to Pangea: The Lithotectonic Record of the Appalachian Region, GSA Memoir 206, p. 431-454.
  25. Lucey, Carol S. Geology of Sussex County in Brief. (Trenton, NJ: New Jersey Geological Survey, November 1969), 21pp. Accessed August 28, 2012.
  26. Dalton, Richard. New Jersey Geological Survey Information Circular: Physiographic Provinces of New Jersey (Trenton, NJ: Department of Environmental Protection, State of New Jersey, 2003, 2006). Accessed August 28, 2012.
  27. Kevin W. Wright, "Newton Industries", Newton NJ: Pearl of the Kittatinny (newtonnj.net). Accessed May 12, 2015.
  28. http://www.newtontownhall.com/DocumentCenter/Home/View/336#page=17 Master Plan August 2008
  29. https://www.sussex.nj.us/FCpdf/Sussex%20County%20Map%20-%207-1-03.pdf Sussex County Map
  30. https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/gis/maps/polnoroads.pdf New Jersey Municipal Boundaries
  31. The determination of Dfb (warm summer subtype) region is from Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A. (University of Melbourne). Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification from Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (2007), 11:1633–1644, doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007. Accessed August 3, 2011.
  32. Thornthwaite, Charles Warren. Atlas of Climatic Types in the United States 1900-1939: U.S. Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication 421. (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1941); and Thornthwaite. "The Climates of North America: According to a New Classification" in Geographical Review (October 1931), 21(4):633-655.
  33. http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=771682&cityname=Newton%2C+New+Jersey%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Newton, New Jersey
  34. See also: Hare, F.K. "Climatic classification" in Stamp, L.D., and Wooldridge, S.W. (editors). The London Essays in Geography (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1951), 111-134.
  35. http://www.arborday.org/treeinfo/ZoneInfo.cfm?ZipCode=07461&submit=Look+it+up%21 "What is my arborday.org Hardiness Zone?"
  36. http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/Downloads.aspx 2012 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (USA)
  37. http://climate.rutgers.edu/stateclim/?section=uscp&target=NJCoverview The Climate of New Jersey
  38. Carney, Leo. H. "Weather; Microclimates, Big Variations.", The New York Times, January 30, 2005. Accessed August 1, 2018. "In places like Hidden Valley and throughout the snow belt of northwestern Sussex County, a condition known as orographic lifting can increase humidity and precipitation."
  39. http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USNJ0359 Monthly Averages for Newton, New Jersey
  40. U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Sussex County, New Jersey (Washington, DC: 2009).
  41. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0600000US3403751930 DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Newton town, Sussex County, New Jersey
  42. http://censtats.census.gov/data/NJ/1603451930.pdf Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Newton town, New Jersey
  43. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF1/DP1/0600000US3403751930 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Newton town, Sussex County, New Jersey
  44. http://www.thenewtontheatre.com/about.html About Us
  45. Wright, Kevin W. Memory Park, Newton, NJ. Accessed May 30, 2015. "Newman E. Drake acquired 10.84 acres along Moore's Brook from William T. Hixson on September 5, 1928. On November 5, 1928, Newman and Elizabeth Drake donated this tract for use as 'a playground and general recreation field under direction of the Town of Newton.'"
  46. Web site: Jenny . Dericks . May 8, 2024 . Newton's Pine Street Park Gets a New Playground .
  47. https://www.newtontownhall.com/facilities/facility/details/Newton-Square-15 Newton Square
  48. https://njdatabook.rutgers.edu/sites/njdatabook.rutgers.edu/files/documents/inventory_of_municipal_forms_of_government_in_new_jersey.pdf Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey
  49. http://www.dudley-2010.com/Faulkner%20Act%2046pages.pdf "The Faulkner Act: New Jersey's Optional Municipal Charter Law"
  50. 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 110.
  51. https://njdatabook.rutgers.edu/sites/njdatabook.rutgers.edu/files/documents/forms_of_municipal_government_in_new_jersey_9220.pdf#page=12 "Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey"
  52. Biryukov, Nikita. "Another town poised to join others moving local elections to November; Nonpartisan spring races dwindle as towns seek to boost turnout, cut election costs", New Jersey Monitor, August 11, 2021. Accessed August 2, 2022. "When a 2011 law went into effect allowing certain New Jersey towns to move their May local elections to November, 86 municipalities held their nonpartisan races in the spring. That number has fallen to just 41, and the outlook for May races has improved little in recent years. Jersey City voters moved their elections to November after a 2016 vote, Newton voters followed suit in 2018, and Ridgewood voters did the same last year."
  53. https://www.newtontownhall.com/index.aspx?nid=103 Town Council
  54. https://www.newtontownhall.com/DocumentCenter/View/4558/2024-Adopted-Budget?bidId= 2024 Municipal Data Sheet
  55. https://sussexcountyclerk.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/NOV-8-2022-GE-Official-County-Summary.pdf Sussex County, New Jersey General Election November 8, 2022, Official Results Summary Report
  56. https://sussexcountyclerk.org/docs/elections/2020/General/Official/Amended-SUMMARY.html Election Summary November 3, 2020 General Election Official Amended Results
  57. https://www.nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/2012-congressional-districts/njcd-2011-plan-components-county-mcd.pdf Plan Components Report
  58. https://www.nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/2011-legislative-districts/towns-districts.pdf Municipalities Sorted by 2011-2020 Legislative District
  59. https://uploads-ssl.webflow.com/5bae63366fd2b2e5b9f87e5e/5d30f0a94a82c66427e564d2_2019_CitizensGuide.pdf 2019 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government
  60. https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/districts/districtnumbers.asp#24 Districts by Number for 2011-2020
  61. http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/election-results/2011-sussex-co-summary-report.pdf Voter Registration Summary - Sussex
  62. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTP7.ST16?slice=GEO~0400000US34 GCT-P7: Selected Age Groups: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision; 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey
  63. http://www.sussexcountyclerk.com/election_results/General%20Election%20Results/Amended-2GNJSUSS-District-Detailed.html General Election November 6, 2012: District Report - Group Detail
  64. http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/election-results/2008-gen-elect-presidential-results-sussex.pdf 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Sussex County
  65. http://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/election-results/2004-presidential_sussex_co_2004.pdf 2004 Presidential Election: Sussex County
  66. Web site: Governor - Sussex County . January 29, 2014 . New Jersey Department of Elections . December 24, 2014.
  67. Web site: Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 5, 2013 - General Election Results - Sussex County. January 29, 2014 . New Jersey Department of Elections . December 24, 2014.
  68. http://www.njelections.org/election-results/2009-governor_results-sussex.pdf 2009 Governor: Sussex County
  69. https://newtonpolice.org/command-staff/ Command Staff
  70. Scruton, Bruce A. "Steven VanNieuwland sworn in as Newton's police chief", New Jersey Herald, June 2, 2021. Accessed December 10, 2023. "Steven VanNieuwland, a police officer for 21 years, was sworn in as the town's newest police chief on Wednesday."
  71. http://www.sussexcountysheriff.com/ Home Page
  72. https://www.straussesmay.com/seportal/Public/DistrictPolicy.aspx?policyid=0110&id=0c3c63249e924947a495d3abb63a87a4 Newton Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification
  73. http://www.nj.gov/education/pr/2013/narrative/37/3590/37-3590-050.html Newton High School 2013 Report Card Narrative
  74. https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/districtsearch/district_detail.asp?Search=2&details=1&ID2=3411400&DistrictID=3411400 District information for Newton Public School District
  75. https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_list.asp?Search=1&DistrictID=3411400 School Data for the Newton Public School District
  76. https://www.newtonnj.org/o/mas Merriam Avenue School
  77. https://www.newtonnj.org/o/hms Halsted Middle School
  78. https://www.newtonnj.org/o/nhs Newton High School
  79. https://rc.doe.state.nj.us/selectreport/2022-2023/37/3590 School Performance Reports for the Newton Public School District
  80. https://homeroom6.doe.state.nj.us/directory/school/districtid/3590 New Jersey School Directory for the Newton Public School District
  81. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032502/http://www.stjosephregionalschool.org/about/school-profile About Us: 2015–2016 School Profile
  82. Scruton, Bruce A. "Catholic schools to merge at Pope John campus", New Jersey Herald, January 28, 2016. Accessed September 17, 2018. "Four Catholic elementary schools, three in Sussex County and the fourth in Netcong, are merging, and by the end of the next school year, students will be housed on a campus at Pope John XXIII Regional High School that will include a new Pope John Middle School, parents were told at a meeting Wednesday.... With the opening of Pope John XXIII Middle School, three current elementary schools -- Immaculate Conception Regional School in Franklin, St. Joseph Regional School in Newton and St. Michael School in Netcong -- will close."
  83. http://www.sussexcountyclerk.com Sussex County Clerk's Office
  84. Wright, Kevin. Newton NJ: Pearl of the Kittatinny – "The Horton Mansion Former Don Bosco Campus, now Sussex County Community College". Note: Wright states it was 1984, which is either a typographical error or an intentional copyright trap. Accessed July 10, 2012.
  85. http://sussex.edu/aboutus/history/ "Our History"
  86. http://www.msche.org/institutions_view.asp?idinstitution=459 Institution Directory: Sussex County Community College
  87. http://sussex.edu/academics/programs/ "Degrees, Programs and Certificates"
  88. http://sussex.edu/academics/distancelearning/ "Distance Learning"
  89. http://sussex.edu/academics/degreeadvantage/ "The Degree Advantage: Complete your Associate Degree at SCCC and give yourself the edge when you transfer"
  90. http://sussex.edu/ce/ Community Education and Workforce Development
  91. http://sussex.edu/aboutus/fastfacts/ Fast Facts
  92. http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/sldiag/mileage_Sussex.pdf Sussex County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction
  93. http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/sldiag/00000094__-.pdf#page=8 Route 94 Straight Line Diagram
  94. http://www.lakelandbus.com/m/bus_schedule.php?route=80-east Route 80 - Eastbound to New York; Monday - Friday
  95. http://www.sussex.nj.us/cit-e-access/webpage.cfm?TID=7&TPID=12813 Skylands Connect
  96. http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/airwater/aviation/pdf/airportdir/Newton.pdf Newton Airport
  97. http://www.atlantichealth.org/atlantic/about+atlantic+health About Us
  98. https://web.archive.org/web/20170519223456/http://www.atlantichealth.org/atlantic/media-center/press-releases/may11-namechange.html "Atlantic Health System Announces New Names for its Three Hospitals 'Medical Centers' Reflect Wide Breadth of Advanced Services, High Quality of Care Across Multiple Campuses"
  99. http://www.njherald.com/about About the New Jersey Herald
  100. https://radio-locator.com/info/WNNJ-FM WNNJ-FM 103.7 MHz Newton, New Jersey
  101. https://radio-locator.com/info/WTOC-AM WTOC-AM 1360 kHz - Newton, NJ
  102. http://wmbctv.com/aboutus/ About Us
  103. http://msn.foxsports.com/nfl/player/danny-baugher/425399 Danny Baugher
  104. Book: Weird NJ Your Travel Guide to New Jerseys Local Legends and Best Kept Secrets. 2004. Barnes and Noble. 0-7607-3979-X. 120.
  105. [Scott Yanow|Yanow, Scott]
  106. https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/B/BuddJo20.htm Johnny Budd
  107. Stevens, Kathy. "Thorlabs breaks ground in Newton", New Jersey Herald, October 4, 2010. Accessed January 27, 2021. "For Cable, now a resident of Newton, Friday’s groundbreaking also included a look back at his roots at Bell Labs."
  108. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000986 Henry Johnson Brodhead Cummings
  109. Staff. "Newman E. Drake Dies After Operation; Founder of Bakery Concern Bearing Family Name--Spent Youth on Farm.", The New York Times, March 20, 1930. Accessed February 5, 2011. "Funeral services will be held at 3:15 PM on Saturday at his late home, 27 Inwood Avenue, Newton, N.J."
  110. Perry, Michael. "Fogelson AD candidate at 'Nova", The Cincinnati Enquirer, July 9, 1993. Accessed June 28, 2018. "A native of Newton, N.J., he graduated from Lafayette College in Easton, Pa., and worked nine years at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., before coming to Xavier."
  111. Longsdorf, Amy. "Spotlight On Janeane Garofalo Romantic Comedy Star Still Doesn't Feel Like 'The Pretty Girl'", The Morning Call, October 4, 1997. Accessed February 5, 2011. "Born in Newton, NJ, Garofalo's taste in comedy has always run to neurotic funnymen such as Woody Allen and Albert Brooks."
  112. https://www.nga.org/governor/john-william-griggs/ Gov. John William Griggs
  113. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000117 Robert Hamilton
  114. https://www.cmohs.org/recipients/james-howard James Howard
  115. Staff. "Ex-Mayor Kline Dies At Age Of 72; City's Chief Executive a Few Months Upon Death of Mayor Gaynor in 1913. Once Head Of Aldermen A Brigadier General in the National Guard--Was With U.S. Shipping Board at His Death. Joined National Guard in 1876. Praised by Gaynor.", The New York Times, October 14, 1930. Accessed October 25, 2013.
  116. [Richard Goldstein (writer born 1942)|Goldstein, Richard]
  117. http://duke.academia.edu/BruceLawrence/CurriculumVitae Curriculum Vitae of Bruce Bennett Lawrence
  118. Staff. "Book details Sausalito artist's life", Twin Cities Times, November 24, 2010. Accessed October 25, 2013. "Born in Newton, N.J., and raised in Tucson, Ariz., Tuthill arrived in California in 1928."
  119. http://www.state.nj.us/oag/oag/ag_1903-1908_mccarter_bio.htm Robert H. McCarter: Attorney General 1903-1908
  120. Staff. "R. H. M'Carter Dies; Lawyer Since 1882; Attorney General of Jersey, '03-08, Leading Corporation Counsel. Dies in Rumson Had Hall-Mills Defense Former President of State Bar Aided Elections Inquiry in Hudson County in 1938", The New York Times, May 31, 1941. Accessed August 1, 2018. "Born in Newton, N. J., Mr. McCarter was the son of Thomas N. McCarter and Mary Louise Haggerty McCarter."
  121. https://books.google.com/books?id=zJrtBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA277 Manual of the Legislature of New Jersey: 2004 Edition
  122. http://www.sussex.nj.us/Cit-e-Access/webpage.cfm?TID=7&TPID=7982 Henry W. Merriam (1828-1900)
  123. News: Sussex County maple syrup available . The Advertiser-News . March 27, 2008 . Straus Newspapers . "We collected 800 gallons of sap from our sugar maples and had it boiled down to 24 gallons of delicious, pure maple syrup that area residents can sample from the local shops that have agreed to carry our glass-jarred, locally made syrup," said FoxNews commentator Judge Andrew P. Napolitano, proprietor of Vine Hill Farm. . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120305051436/http://www.strausnews.com/articles/2008/03/31/advertiser_news/news/37.txt . March 5, 2012 .
  124. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000529 Rodman McCamley Price
  125. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000387 Andrew Jackson Rogers
  126. Staff. "Strader Is Named Coach Of Bulldogs", The New York Times, January 6, 1950. Accessed June 28, 2012. "He was born at Newton, N. J., on Dec. 21, 1904."
  127. Staff. "Matt Valenti Added to Columbia Wrestling Coaching Staff", Columbia University, August 17, 2007. Accessed February 5, 2011. "A three-time All-Ivy League first team selection, the native of Newton, N.J. earned the Fletcher Award for most team points in a career at EIWA's."
  128. Derogatis, Katie (February 13, 2007). "Girl with guitar soundtracks 'Weeds'", Washington Square News (New York University).
  129. http://newtoncemetery.com/aboutus.html Newton Cemetery: About Us
  130. http://www.revolutionarywarnewjersey.com/new_jersey_revolutionary_war_sites/towns/newton_nj_revolutionary_war_sites.htm Revolutionary War Sites in Clifton, New Jersey
  131. http://www.sussex.nj.us/Cit-e-Access/webpage.cfm?TID=7&TPID=1393 Historic Sussex County Courthouse
  132. http://www.newtonnj.net/Pages/hortonmansion.htm The Horton Mansion

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