New York State Forests Explained

New York State Forests are public lands administered by the Division of Lands and Forests of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). New York State Forests are designated as reforestation, multiple use, and unique areas; and state nature and historic preserves, with approximately 600000acres classified as reforestation areas and approximately 9000acres classified as multiple use lands. Land within the Adirondack Park or the Catskill Park is not included as part of the State Forest system.

State Forest management

The purpose of state forest management in New York is to promote forest conservation, improve ecosystem health and biodiversity, provide recreational opportunities, and derive economic benefits from forests by employing sustainable management practices.[1] As of 2016, more than 787000acres of forests are managed by the NYSDEC; this includes areas designated as state forests, reforestation areas, multiple-use areas, and unique areas, but does not include forest preserve lands within Adirondack Park and Catskill Park.[2]

Permissible activities on New York state forest lands include hunting, trapping, fishing, hiking, snowshoeing, cross-county skiing, horseback riding, snowmobiling, and camping, although some properties prohibit some of these activities.[2] Motorized vehicle use is prohibited except for on specified roads and trails. Camping for longer than three consecutive nights, or in groups of ten or greater people, requires a free permit issued by the NYSDEC; in addition, campsites must be located at least away from roads, trails, and streams unless previously established by the NYSDEC.[3]

Classifications

There are four categories of state forest lands established under New York State law; their descriptions are below.

Reforestation areas

Lands obtained for reforestation and maintained for watershed protection, the production of timber and other forest products, and for recreation and related purposes. These areas must have at least 500acres of contiguous lands that shall be forever devoted to the planting, growth and harvesting of such trees as shall be reforested.

Multiple use areas

Funded by the park and recreation land acquisition bond acts of 1960 and 1962 to provide opportunities for outdoor recreation, including public camping, fishing, hunting, boating, winter sports. Wherever possible, the multiple-use-areas should also serve multiple purposes involving the conservation and development of natural resources, including the preservation of scenic areas, watershed protection, forestry and reforestation.

Unique areas

Lands of special natural beauty, wilderness character, geological, ecological or historical significance; the unique areas may include lands within a forest preserve county outside the Adirondack and Catskill Parks.

State Nature and Historic Preserve

Lands dedicated to the State Nature and Historic Preserve (as referred to in Section 4 of Article XIV of the State Constitution) are declared to be put to their highest, best and most important use for one or more of the following purposes:

  1. As natural communities for maintaining plants, animals and natural communities;
  2. As reservoirs of natural materials and ecological processes that contribute to the state's biological diversity;
  3. As field laboratories for scientific research and education in the natural sciences, including the fields of biology, conservation, ecology, natural history and paleontology; and
  4. As places of natural and historical interest and beauty which provide the public with passive recreational opportunities including, where appropriate, fishing, hunting and trapping, or commercial fishing opportunities that are compatible with protecting the ecological significance, historic features and natural character of the area.

List of New York State Forests

The following sortable table includes several classifications of state forests in New York. Those labelled as "State Forests" are managed for a variety of goals; many are reforestation areas that are intended for timber production and watershed protection, in addition to providing space for outdoor recreation. "Multiple Use Areas" are managed primarily to provide space for outdoor recreation, with the additional purpose of land conservation and protection. "Unique Areas" are intended to protect areas with significant geological, ecological, aesthetic, or historical features.[4]

ForestCounty[5] [6] ClassificationArea[7] Notes
OneidaState Forest
AlleganyState Forest2421acres
OswegoState Forest959acres
ChenangoState Forest629acres
TiogaState Forest554acres
DelawareState Forest2959acres[8]
SchoharieState ForestManaged as part of the 2400acres Keyserkill State Forest Complex, which also includes Keyserkill State Forest and Gates Hill State Forest.[9]
OtsegoState Forest1266acres
Schoharie, GreeneState Forest948acres
CortlandState Forest1277acres
AlleganyState Forest764acres
LewisState Forest559acres
ChenangoState Forest2679acres
DelawareState Forest768acres
Yates, OntarioUnique Area393acres
ChenangoState Forest938acres
OtsegoState Forest720acres
SchoharieState Forest1139acres
WashingtonState Forest535acres[10]
OswegoState Forest1738acres[11]
DelawareState Forest1116acres
CattaraugusState Forest547acres
CayugaState Forest3316acres
OtsegoState Forest1750acres
Greene, DelawareState Forest2848acres
LewisState Forest7211acres
Beaver CreekMadisonState Forest3484acres
Beaver CreekSt. LawrenceState Forest3694acres
TiogaState Forest1148acres
Steuben, SchuylerState Forest534acres
Chenango, BroomeState Forest1028acres
ChenangoState Forest5816acres
BroomeState Forest791acresFormerly known as Page Pond State Forest.[12]
ColumbiaState Forest
DelawareState Forest1116acres
RensselaerState Forest
OneidaState Forest3895acres[13]
PutnamState Forest146acres
SteubenState Forest3446acres
HerkimerState Forest998acres[14]
UlsterState Forest595acres
SchoharieState Forest783acres[15]
ChenangoState Forest2156acres
PutnamUnique Area
FranklinState Forest2747acres[16]
LewisState Forest1435acres
St. LawrenceState Forest98acres
ChautauquaState Forest2944acres
CattaraugusState Forest971acres
GreeneUnique Area
St. LawrenceState Forest19751acres
ChautauquaState Forest951acres
MadisonState Forest848acres[17]
CattaraugusState Forest509acres
OneidaState Forest1692acres[18]
ChenangoState Forest2178acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1092acres
CattaraugusState Forest2248acres
AlleganyState Forest3513acres
ChenangoState Forest528acres[19]
ClintonState Forest1575acres[20]
SchoharieState Forest9788acres
SteubenMultiple Use Area403acres
CattaraugusState Forest3278acres
ClintonState Forest371acres
GreeneState Forest48acres
OtsegoState Forest727acres
PutnamState Forest982acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1410acres
SteubenState Forest1990acres
SteubenState Forest54acres
OnondagaUnique Area355acres[21]
SteubenState Forest1623acres
OneidaState Forest627acres
LivingstonState Forest1287acres
CayugaUnique Area36acres[22]
BroomeState Forest533acres
PutnamUnique Area129acres
BroomeState Forest759acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1623acres
ChemungState Forest613acres
CattaraugusState Forest1059acres
MadisonState Forest9400acres
MontgomeryState Forest3954acres[23]
OswegoState Forest3465acres
ChautauquaState Forest538acres
ClintonState Forest5261acres
OtsegoState Forest1460acres
WashingtonState Forest801acres
State Forest1786acres
SchoharieState Forest818acres
OneidaState Forest2872acres
SchuylerState Forest977acres
ClintonState Forest
OneidaState Forest690acres
LewisState Forest2185acres
AlleganyState Forest501acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1068acres
AlbanyState Forest876acres
DelawareState Forest700acres
SchuylerState Forest2456acres
LewisState Forest473acres
SchoharieState Forest
ChenangoState Forest1156acres
AlleganyState Forest2343acres
JeffersonState Forest553acres
AlleganyState Forest1154acres
St. LawrenceState Forest587acres
WestchesterUnique Area21acres
Cortland, ChenangoState Forest5507acres
SaratogaState Forest506acres
TompkinsState Forest7337acres
SaratogaState Forest523acres
ClintonState Forest
OtsegoState Forest582acres
FranklinState Forest
St. LawrenceState Forest1180acres
DutchessMultiple Use Area260acres
MadisonState Forest972acres
CattaraugusState Forest1100acres
CortlandState Forest723acres
CortlandState Forest1165acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1443acres
SchuylerState Forest1062acres
ClintonState Forest2433acres
SchoharieState Forest
SchoharieState Forest1248acres
MadisonState Forest634acres
LewisState Forest1350acres
LewisState Forest1975acres
CattaraugusState Forest1354acres
SteubenState Forest531acres
SteubenState Forest507acres
WashingtonState Forest515acres
CattaraugusState Forest422acres
AlleganyState Forest1395acres
OtsegoState Forest1957acres
TiogaState Forest815acres
OneidaState Forest4456acres
CattaraugusState Forest1144acres
SchenectadyState Forest697acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1570acres
OneidaState Forest678acres[24]
ChenangoState Forest6353acres
ClintonState Forest1931acres[25]
OneidaState Forest1361acres
St. LawrenceState Forest914acres
LewisState Forest20412acres
FranklinState Forest
CayugaState Forest754acres
OneidaState Forest1395acres
AlleganyState Forest2263acres
SchoharieState ForestManaged as part of the 2400acres Keyserkill State Forest Complex, which also includes Keyserkill State Forest and Armlin Hill State Forest.
CortlandState Forest878acres
ChenangoState Forest3181acres[26]
OtsegoState Forest1190acres
AlleganyState Forest2332acres
St. LawrenceState Forest826acres
OrangeState Forest303acres
CattaraugusState Forest2283acres
WashingtonState Forest456acres
Madison, OneidaState Forest500acres
JeffersonState Forest2045acres
SchuylerState Forest2112acres
LewisState Forest734acres
LewisState Forest8077acres
St. LawrenceState Forest775acres
SteubenState Forest906acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1009acres
Cortland, TiogaState Forest2365acres
ClintonUnique Area605acres
OswegoState Forest2079acres
Tompkins, TiogaState Forest3618acres
ColumbiaState Forest518acres
GreeneUnique Area
ChautauquaState Forest2271acres
OtsegoState Forest1242acres
ColumbiaState Forest
ChautauquaState Forest1283acres
BroomeState Forest539acres
UlsterMultiple Use Area83acres
Livingston, OntarioState Forest6849acres
JeffersonUnique Area1160acres
CortlandState Forest937acres
SullivanMultiple Use Area1036acres
St. LawrenceState Forest
St. LawrenceState Forest2018acres
SchoharieState Forest1344acres
LewisState Forest729acres
UlsterMultiple Use Area43acres
ChautauquaState Forest1156acres
AlleganyState Forest999acres
HerkimerState Forest1590acres
LewisState Forest624acres
OneidaState Forest1115acres
SchoharieState Forest1017acres
OtsegoState Forest801acres
CortlandState Forest2115acres
OrangeState Forest1450acres
Schoharie, GreeneState Forest1300acres
ChenangoState Forest1397acres
LewisState Forest673acres
LewisState Forest597acres
YatesState Forest1899acres
OneidaState Forest1409acres
CortlandState Forest4422acres
TiogaState Forest1349acres
AlleganyState Forest1088acres
SenecaUnique Area
AlleganyState Forest1917acres
OswegoState Forest909acres
AlleganyState Forest2408acres
DelawareState Forest698acres
TiogaState Forest503acres[27]
CortlandState Forest588acres
SchoharieState ForestManaged as part of the 2400acres Keyserkill State Forest Complex, which also includes Armlin Hill State Forest and Gates Hill State Forest.
SuffolkUnique Area
AlleganyState Forest2634acres
OswegoState Forest867acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1006acres
OrangeUnique Area
Cortland, OnondagaUnique Area1474acres[28]
DutchessMultiple Use Area715acres
SaratogaState Forest443acres[29]
FultonState Forest
LebanonMadisonState Forest779acres
SchoharieState Forest1616acres
LewisState Forest13793acres
ChenangoState Forest4655acres
SaratogaState Forest993acres
LewisState Forest1116acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1122acres
ChenangoState Forest3254acres
LewisState Forest3915acres
AlleganyState Forest1344acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1907acres
MontgomeryState Forest750acres
ChenangoState Forest3197acres
Otsego, SchoharieState Forest1817acres
ChenangoState Forest528acres
ClintonState Forest1068acres
OneidaState Forest2929acres
SchoharieState Forest2525acres
ChemungState Forest604acres
OtsegoState Forest804acres
MadisonState Forest3002acres
BroomeState Forest893acres
CortlandState Forest908acresAlso known as Pease Hill State Forest.[30]
CattaraugusState Forest
SteubenState Forest794acres
ChenangoState Forest6772acresAlso known as Bowman Creek State Forest.
SteubenState Forest1452acres
Chenango, BroomeState Forest5417acres
DelawareState Forest619acres
TiogaState Forest1180acres
GreeneUnique Area
SaratogaState Forest576acres
OtsegoState Forest512acres
LewisState Forest1210acres
WestchesterState Forest51acresManaged cooperatively with the Westchester County Parks Department.[31]
ClintonState Forest786acres
Onondaga, CortlandState Forest5284acres
MadisonState Forest1290acres
SteubenState Forest1815acres
GreeneState Forest844acres
OneidaState Forest
RichmondUnique Area241acres[32]
Greene, SchoharieState Forest650acres
ChautauquaState Forest1522acres
WashingtonState Forest1724acres
Mount WashingtonSteubenMultiple Use Area440acres
MadisonState Forest3090acres
DelawareState Forest
BroomeMultiple Use Area338acres
MadisonUnique Area574acres[33]
SullivanUnique Area6580acres
TompkinsState Forest1552acres
PutnamMultiple Use Area1023acres
CattaraugusState Forest3162acres
ChautauquaState Forest2561acres
ColumbiaUnique Area
Oswego, OneidaState Forest1064acres
UlsterMultiple Use Area96acres
ChenangoState Forest576acres
TiogaState Forest1025acres
HerkimerState Forest
NassauUnique Area
LewisState Forest1835acres
ErieUnique Area52acres[34]
St. LawrenceState Forest791acres
OswegoState Forest507acres
LivingstonState Forest1303acres
ChenangoState Forest1043acres
HerkimerState Forest
LewisState Forest1206acres
SullivanMultiple Use Area104acres
AlleganyState Forest3645acres
ChautauquaState Forest1224acres
CortlandMultiple Use Area193acres[35]
AlbanyState Forest880acres[36]
SchoharieState Forest
SuffolkState Forest
FultonState Forest
OneidaState Forest3725acres
ChenangoState Forest1895acres[37]
SchoharieState Forest
ChenangoState Forest9164acresFormerly known as New Michigan State Forest.[38]
AlleganyState Forest2709acres
ChenangoState Forest736acres
SteubenState Forest998acres
Lewis, JeffersonState Forest2091acres
CattaraugusState Forest1139acres
DelawareState Forest1089acres
ChenangoState Forest274acres
ChenangoState Forest1836acres
RensselaerState Forest
OtsegoState Forest1403acres
DelawareState Forest
St. LawrenceState Forest963acres
AlleganyState Forest1666acres
OrangeState Forest503acres
OneidaState Forest1202acres
OneidaState Forest2446acres
TompkinsState Forest915acres
JeffersonState Forest1603acres
OneidaState Forest535acres
OtsegoState Forest1293acres
CattaraugusState Forest832acres
WarrenState Forest515acres
St. LawrenceState Forest641acres
LewisUnique Area307acres
ChenangoState Forest601acres
ErieUnique Area292acres[39]
DelawareState Forest
Albany, SchoharieState Forest2849acres
Tioga, Tompkins, CortlandState Forest1938acres
CattaraugusState Forest
SteubenState Forest704acres
FultonState Forest
DutchessMultiple Use Area128acres
OneidaUnique Area1700acres[40]
SullivanState Forest680acres
OtsegoState Forest620acres
MontgomeryState Forest1289acres
AlleganyState Forest1404acres
MonroeUnique Area230acres
FranklinState Forest
Salmon RiverOswegoState Forest2033acres
OswegoUnique Area112acres
LewisState Forest326acres
LewisState Forest2532acres
OswegoState Forest538acres
Schoharie, AlbanyState Forest1220acres
LewisState Forest5648acres
UlsterMultiple Use Area58acres
Ulster, SullivanState Forest1411acres
Tompkins, TiogaState Forest5266acres
St. LawrenceState Forest783acres
Skinner HillChenangoState Forest1666acres
BroomeState Forest533acres
AlleganyState Forest1229acres
St. LawrenceState Forest797acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1426acres
LivingstonState Forest922acres
SteubenState Forest1819acres
St. LawrenceState Forest2086acres
ChenangoState Forest1314acres
Delaware, OtsegoState Forest521acres
OneidaState Forest522acres
Schoharie, GreeneState Forest1498acres
CattaraugusState Forest4227acres
St. LawrenceState Forest551acres
OnondagaUnique Area29acres[41]
ClintonState Forest1157acres
OntarioUnique Area0.2acres[42] Managed by the DEC Bureau of Wildlife.
St. LawrenceState Forest460acres
DelawareState Forest5618acres
HerkimerState Forest
OrangeState Forest6700acres
OntarioMultiple Use Area847acres[43]
DutchessMultiple Use Area590acres
ChautauquaState Forest977acres
OneidaState Forest621acres
OswegoState Forest866acres
SchoharieState Forest732acres
MadisonState Forest1469acres
SchuylerState Forest9085acres
CayugaState Forest4355acres
OtsegoState Forest423acres
Oneida, LewisState Forest2012acres
LewisState Forest744acres
AlleganyState Forest1569acres
DutchessMultiple Use Area917acres
RensselaerState Forest3834acres
OneidaState Forest
St. LawrenceState Forest1860acres
Taylor ValleyCortlandState Forest4639acres
ClintonState Forest4739acres
MadisonState Forest704acres
SchuylerState Forest937acres
OtsegoState Forest1245acres
MadisonState Forest797acres
RensselaerState Forest846acres
FranklinState Forest
DelawareState Forest
St. LawrenceState Forest709acres
Broome, TiogaState Forest512acres
SteubenState Forest569acres
OneidaState Forest1290acres
BroomeState Forest661acres
OswegoState Forest622acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1087acres
FranklinState Forest
Jefferson, LewisState Forest12242acres
CortlandState Forest2440acres
TiogaState Forest1108acres
UlsterState Forest139acres
SteubenState Forest676acres
AlleganyState Forest4744acres
SteubenState Forest2690acres
SaratogaState Forest88acres
AlleganyState Forest2384acres
UlsterState Forest
OtsegoState Forest463acres
DutchessMultiple Use Area488acres
OneidaState Forest1064acres
ChautauquaState Forest447acres
OneidaState Forest527acres
SteubenState Forest887acres
DutchessState Forest830acres
Oswego, LewisState Forest1900acres
St. LawrenceState Forest792acres
ChautauquaState Forest1325acres
ChenangoState Forest1188acres
St. LawrenceState Forest1281acres
St. LawrenceState Forest2533acres
PutnamMultiple Use Area276acres
BroomeState Forest812acres
ChenangoState Forest1240acres
CattaraugusState Forest968acres
Jefferson, OswegoState Forest9233acres
UlsterMultiple Use Area451acres
SullivanMultiple Use Area585acres
St. LawrenceState Forest4316acres
OneidaState Forest567acres
SullivanState Forest1139acres
MontgomeryState Forest714acres
TompkinsState Forest1289acres
St. LawrenceState Forest751acres
Cattaraugus, ErieMultiple Use Area3014acresAcreage includes lands designated as the Zoar Valley Unique Area, which is contained within the Zoar Valley Multiple Use Area.
Cattaraugus, ErieUnique Area1492acres[44] Covers the gorge and a buffer area within the Zoar Valley Multiple Use Area.[45]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Strategic Plan for State Forest Management . July 15, 2011 . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . iii . May 9, 2016.
  2. Web site: State Forests . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 9, 2016.
  3. Web site: Rules for Using Lands Managed by the Division of Lands and Forests . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 9, 2016.
  4. Web site: State Land Classifications . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 26, 2016.
  5. Web site: List of State Forests . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 10, 2016.
  6. Book: Official Compilation of Codes, Rules and Regulations of the State of New York . Title 9, Chapter I, Subchapter A, Part 384: Listing of State Parks, Parkways, Recreation Facilities, State Land and Historic Sites (Facilities), DEC Facilities . WestlawNext . May 18, 2016.
  7. Unless otherwise noted, acreages are sourced from individual pages listed at: Web site: List of State Forests . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 10, 2016.
  8. Treaty Line Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . 4 . May 22, 2016.
  9. Web site: Keyserkill State Forest Complex . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 10, 2016.
  10. Northern Piedmont Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . July 2013 . 11 . May 26, 2016.
  11. Upper Salmon River Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . April 2014 . 10 . May 22, 2016.
  12. Web site: Beaver Pond State Forest . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 15, 2016.
  13. 46 Corners Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . January 2013 . 197–206 . May 15, 2016.
  14. Web site: Adirondack Foothills Management Unit . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 21, 2016.
  15. Eminence Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . 1995 . 5 . May 21, 2016.
  16. Web site: St. Lawrence Flatlands Management Unit . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 16, 2016.
  17. Brookfield Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . February 2016 . 18 . May 21, 2016.
  18. Oneida Hills Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . June 2013 . 13 . May 26, 2016.
  19. Chenango Trail Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . November 2009 . 8 . May 26, 2016.
  20. Taylor Pond Management Complex Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . February 2013 . 4 . May 22, 2016.
  21. Camillus Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 2004 . 1 . May 21, 2016.
  22. Web site: Bahar Preserve & Carpenter's Falls . Finger Lakes Land Trust . June 12, 2016.
  23. Charleston Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . August 2009 . 8 . May 15, 2016.
  24. Vienna Woods Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . August 2015 . 13 . May 22, 2016.
  25. Web site: DEC to Prepare Management Plan for State Lands in Clinton County . https://web.archive.org/web/20130625023615/http://www.dec.ny.gov/press/77914.html . June 25, 2013 . New York State Department of Environmental Conservation . May 22, 2016.
  26. McDonough Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . 1999 . 5 . May 26, 2016.
  27. Tioga Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . September 2006 . 3 . May 22, 2016.
  28. Hill and Hollow Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . January 2013 . 8 . May 22, 2016.
  29. Draft Unit Management Plan for State Forests in Saratoga and Warren Counties . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . April 2002 . 9–10 . May 20, 2016.
  30. Web site: Maxon Creek State Forest . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 21, 2016.
  31. Web site: Montrose Point State Forest . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 21, 2016.
  32. Southern Staten Island Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . February 2009 . 18 . May 26, 2016.
  33. Nelson Swamp Unique Area Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . 1999 . 5 . June 2, 2016.
  34. Web site: Onondaga Escarpment . ProtectedPlanet . IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas . August 13, 2016.
  35. Taylor Valley Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . February 2015 . 5 . May 22, 2016.
  36. Helderbergs Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . 2001 . 4–5 . May 21, 2016.
  37. Pharsalia Woods Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . February 2013 . 20 . May 22, 2016.
  38. Web site: Pharsalia Woods State Forest . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 22, 2016.
  39. Dr. Victor Reinstein Woods Nature Preserve Unit Management Plan Unit Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . 2006 . 8 . June 12, 2016.
  40. Rome Sand Plains Consolidated Management Plan . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . March 3, 2006 . 10 . June 2, 2016.
  41. Web site: Region 7 Recreation Master Plan For State Forests/ Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement . New York State Department of Environmental Conservation . February 2006 .
  42. Web site: Squaw Island Unique Area . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 21, 2016.
  43. Web site: Stid Hill . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 21, 2016.
  44. Web site: New York State Assembly Bill A07542 . April 18, 2007 . New York State Assembly . May 28, 2016.
  45. Web site: Zoar Valley Multiple Use Area . NYS Department of Environmental Conservation . May 25, 2016.

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