| Election Name: | New South Wales colonial election, 1864–65 |
| Country: | New South Wales |
| Flag Image: | Flag of the United Kingdom.svg |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1860 New South Wales colonial election |
| Previous Year: | 1860 |
| Next Election: | 1869–70 New South Wales colonial election |
| Next Year: | 1869–70 |
| Seats For Election: | All 72 seats in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly 37 Assembly seats were needed for a majority |
| Election Date: | 22 November 1864 – 10 January 1865 |
| Leader1: | Charles Cowper |
| Colour1: | F4DEB6 |
| Party1: | Opposition |
| Leaders Seat1: | East Sydney |
| Seats Before1: | 36[1] |
| Seats1: | 48[2] |
| Seat Change1: | 12 |
| Leader2: | James Martin |
| Colour2: | 6F94CD |
| Party2: | Government |
| Leaders Seat2: | Tumut (elected to Lachlan and Monaro) |
| Seats Before2: | 29 |
| Seats2: | 19 |
| Seat Change2: | 10 |
| Map Size: | 300px |
| Premier | |
| Before Election: | James Martin |
| After Election: | Charles Cowper |
The 1864–65 New South Wales colonial election was held between 22 November 1864 and 10 January 1865. This election was for all of the 72 seats in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly and it was conducted in 52 single-member constituencies, six 2-member constituencies and two 4-member constituencies, all with a first past the post system. The previous parliament of New South Wales was dissolved on 10 November 1864 by the Governor, Sir John Young, on the advice of the Premier, James Martin. Suffrage was limited to adult white males.
There was no recognisable party structure at this election; instead the government was determined by a loose, shifting factional system.
| Date | Event | |
|---|---|---|
| 10 November 1864 | The Legislative Assembly was dissolved, and writs were issued by the Governor to proceed with an election. | |
| 21 November to 23 December 1864 | Nominations for candidates for the election closed. | |
| 22 November 1864 to 10 January 1865 | Polling days. | |
| 24 January 1865 | Opening of new Parliament. |
See main article: Results of the 1864–65 New South Wales colonial election. |}