New Romney (UK Parliament constituency) explained

New Romney
Type:Cinque Port
Parliament:uk
Year:1371
Abolished:1832
Seats:2
Borough:New Romney
County:Kent
Region:England

New Romney was a parliamentary constituency in Kent, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1371 until 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act.

New Romney was a Cinque Port, which made it technically of different status from a parliamentary borough, but the difference was purely a nominal one. The constituency consisted of the town of New Romney; it had once been a flourishing port but by the 19th century the harbour had been destroyed and there was no maritime trade, the main economic activity being grazing cattle on Romney Marsh. In 1831, the population of the constituency was 978, and the town contained 165 houses.

The right to vote was reserved to the Mayor and Common Council of the town; however, many of these were customs or excise officers, who were disqualified from voting by a change in the law in 1782, so that in the early 19th century there were only 8 voters. The high proportion of voters holding paid government posts before this change in the law meant that New Romney was sometimes considered to be a "treasury borough" (that is, a constituency whose seats were in the gift of the government); but in practice the Dering family, local landowners, were even more influential and could sometimes defy government pressure.

The Dering influence in New Romney seems mainly to have been achieved by letting out property to voters and their relatives at easy rents and without leases. In 1761, for example, the despairing Whig MP, Rose Fuller, explained to Prime Minister Newcastle that he had no chance of re-election since Dering had turned against him, because "several of the governing men are graziers and the Deering and Furnese family have together a very great estate in the neighbouring marsh which is very profitable to and easy for tenants".[1] The reduction in the number of voters naturally made this influence easier, or at least cheaper, to exert.

New Romney was abolished as a constituency by the Reform Act, the town being incorporated into the new Eastern Kent county division.

Members of Parliament

1371-1640

ParliamentFirst MemberSecond Member
1386Simon LuncefordJohn Salerne
1388 (February)William HolyngbrokeJohn Salerne
1388 (September)William HolyngbrokeJohn Ellis
1390 (January)John IveJames Tiece
1390 (November)Edmund HuchounJames Tiece
1391John EllisJohn Salerne II
1393Andrew ColynRobert Geffe
1394
1395John GardenerWilliam Child
1397 (January)John YonRobert Geffe
1397 (September)
1399John GardenerJohn Talbot
1401William ClitheroeJohn Gardener
1402John LuncefordJohn Ive
1404 (January)
1404 (October)
1406Robert GeffeThomas Rokeslee
1407John RogerBrice Scherte
1410John AdamJohn Lunceford
1411William ClitheroeJames Lowys
1413 (February)William ClitheroeJohn Adam
1413 (May)William ClitheroeJames Lowys
1414 (April)Richard ClitheroeJohn Lunceford
1414 (November)William ClitheroeJohn Maffey
1415Richard ClitheroeJames Lowys
1416 (March)Richard Clitheroe
1416 (October)Stephen HarryThomas Sparwe
1417William ClitheroeJames Tiece
1419Thomas RokesleeThomas Smith
1420Richard ClitheroeStephen Harry
1421 (May)Richard ClitheroeJames Lowys
1421 (December)Thomas SparwePeter Newene
1510John HollThomas Lambard
1512Sir John ScottClement Baker
1515Richard StuppenyClement Baker
1523Robert Parisnot known
1529Richard Gibson, died
and replaced 1535 by
John Marshall
John Bunting
1536John Bunting?John Marshall
1539William TadloweWilliam Garrard
1542William TadloweWilliam Asnothe
1545not known
1547John Dering, died
and replaced 1552 by
William Tadlowe
Peter Hayman
1553 (March)Simon Padyhamnot known
1553 (October) William Tadlowe?Sir John Guildford
by 1553John Cheseman
1554 (April)John ChesemanRichard Bunting
1554 (November) Gregory HoltonWilliam Oxendon
1555Richard BakerJohn Herbert
1558Simon Padyham?Thomas Randolph
1559John ChesemanWilliam Eppes
1562–3Sir Christopher AlleyneWilliam Eppes
1571William EppesEdmund Morrante
1572William Wilcocks, died
and replaced July 1574 by
William Eppes
Edward Wilcocks
1584Richard WilliamsWilliam Southland
1586William SouthlandRobert Thurbarne
1588Reginald ScotWilliam Southland
1593John MyngeRobert Bawle
1597George CoppynJames Thurbarne
1601Thomas LakeJohn Mynge
1604-1611John Plommer
1614Sir Arthur IngramRobert Wilcock
1621-1622Sir Peter ManwoodFrancis Fetherston
1624Francis FetherstonRichard Godfrey
1625Sir Edmund VerneyRichard Godfrey
1626 Richard GodfreyThomas Brett
1628 Thomas Brett
1629-1640No Parliaments summoned

1640-1832

YearFirst memberFirst partySecond memberSecond party
April 1640?
November 1640Thomas Webb[2] Sir Norton Knatchbull[3]
1641Richard Browne
December 1648Browne not recorded as sitting after Pride's PurgeKnatchbull excluded in Pride's Purge - seat vacant
1653New Romney was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
May 1659Not represented in the restored Rump
April 1660Sir Norton Knatchbull<-- party -->John Knatchbull
1661Sir Charles Berkeley[4]
1665Hon. Henry Brouncker[5]
1668Sir Charles Sedley<-- party -->
1679Paul Barret
1685Sir William GoulstonThomas Chudleigh
1689John Brewer<-- party -->James Chadwick
1690Sir Charles Sedley
1695Sir William Twysden[6]
1696Sir Charles Sedley
1701Edward Goulston
1702Sir Benjamin Bathurst
1704Walter Whitfield<-- party -->
1710Robert Furnese[7] Whig
1713Viscount Sondes
1722David Papillon<-- party -->
1727 [8] John Essington
April 1728Sir Robert Austen<-- party -->Sir Robert Furnese[9] Whig
May 1728David Papillon[10] <-- party -->
1734Stephen Bisse<-- party -->
1736Sir Robert Austen
1741Henry FurneseSir Francis DashwoodTory
1756Rose FullerWhig
1761Sir Edward DeringToryThomas Knight
1768Richard Jackson<-- party -->
1770John MortonTory
1774Sir Edward DeringTory
April 1784John Smith
June 1784Richard Atkinson
1785John Henniker<-- party -->
1787Richard Joseph Sullivan<-- party -->
1790Sir Elijah Impey
1796John FordyceJohn Willett Willett<-- party -->
1802Manasseh Lopes[11]
1806William WindhamWhigSir John Perring, 1st BaronetWhig
1807Earl of ClonmellToryHon. George AshburnhamTory
1812Admiral Sir John DuckworthToryWilliam MitfordTory
1817Cholmeley DeringTory
1818Andrew StrahanToryRichard Erle-Drax-Grosvenor
1819Richard Erle-Drax-GrosvenorWhig
1820George Hay Dawkins-PennantTory
1826George TappsTory
1830Arthur Hill-TrevorUltra-ToryWilliam MilesUltra-Tory/Tory[12]
March 1831Sir Roger GresleyTory
April 1831Sir Edward Cholmeley DeringTory
1832Constituency abolished

Notes

  1. Page 115, Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  2. Expelled for being a monopolist, January 1641
  3. Created a baronet, August 1641
  4. Created Viscount Fitzhardinge (in the Peerage of Ireland), July 1663
  5. Expelled from the House of Commons on 21 April 1668 for his actions at the Battle of Lowestoft in 1665, when he falsified a signal which prevented the English navy pursuing the defeated Dutch fleet and capitalising on their victory
  6. Twysden was also elected for Appleby, which he chose to represent, and never sat for New Romney
  7. Succeeded to a baronetcy as Sir Robert Furnese, November 1712
  8. At the election of 1727, Essington and Papillon were returned as elected, but on petition they were held not to have been duly elected
  9. Furnese was also elected for Kent, which he chose to represent, and did not sit again for New Romney
  10. Papillon was re-elected in 1734 but had also been elected for Dover, which he chose to represent, and did not sit again for New Romney
  11. Created a baronet, November 1805
  12. Created a baronet, 1859

References