Netelia producta explained

Netelia producta is a species of ichneumonid wasp in the subfamily Tryphoninae found in Australia.

Description and identification

N. producta is one of about 9 described species and 11 undescribed species in its genus found in Australia.[1] It is uniformly orange-brown in color like most members of the genus, and separation from its allies can only be reliably done by inspection of male genitalia with respect to a structure on the clasper.[2]

Distribution

N. producta is endemic to Australia.[3]

Life cycle

Netelia producta is a koinobiont larval parasitoid of caterpillars in the family Noctuidae.[4] Among these hosts is the genus Helicoverpa, including Helicoverpa armigera, which is a pest of crops including tomatoes.[3]

The female envenomates the host caterpillar to paralyze it and lays an egg behind the head capsule.[5] After the egg hatches, the larva feeds on its host as the host develops. The larva later emerges once the host becomes a prepupa,[6] which kills the host. The larva then spins its own black-colored cocoon out of silk and pupates in the subterranean pupation chamber created by its host.[7]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Gauld, I.D. . 1984 . An Introduction to the Ichneumonidae of Australia . London . British Museum (Natural History) . 413 pp . 0-565-00895-1.
  2. Konishi. Kazuhiko. A revision of the subgenus Bessobates of the genus Netelia from Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae) . Zootaxa . 2014. 3755 . 4 . 301–346 . 10.11646/zootaxa.3755.4.1 . 24869824. 2022-02-06.
  3. Berry . Jocelyn A. . Walker . Graham P. . 2004 . Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae): An exotic polyphagous parasitoid in New Zealand . New Zealand Journal of Zoology . 31 . 1 . 33–44 . 10.1080/03014223.2004.9518357 . 83479676 . 0301-4223. free .
  4. Quicke . Donald L.J. . Butcher . Buntika A. . 2021 . Review of Venoms of Non-Polydnavirus Carrying Ichneumonoid Wasps . Biology . 10 . 1 . 50 . 10.3390/biology10010050 . 33445639 . 7828074 . free .
  5. Walker . Paul W. . 2011 . Biology and development of Chaetophthalmus dorsalis (Malloch) (Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitising Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and H. punctigera Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in the laboratory . Australian Journal of Entomology . 50 . 3 . 309–318 . 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2011.00820.x.
  6. Murray . D.A.H. . Zalucki . M.P. . 1994 . Spatial Distribution and Mortality of Helicoverpa spp. Pupae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Field Crops on the Darling Downs, Queensland . Australian Journal of Entomology . 33 . 3 . 193–198 . 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1994.tb01215.x. free .
  7. Johns . Caitlin V. . Whitehouse . Mary E.A. . 2004 . Mass rearing of two larval parasitoids of Helicoverpa spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Netelia producta (Brullé) and Heteropelma scaposum (Morley) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) for field release . Australian Journal of Entomology . 43 . 1 . 83–87 . 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2004.00402.x.

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