Neshaminy High School Explained

Neshaminy High School
Motto:Latin: Non Sibi Sed Scholae
Address:2001 Old Lincoln Highway
Town:Langhorne, Pennsylvania postal address
County:(Bucks County)
Zipcode:19047-3240
Country:United States
Other Names:-->
Former Name:Neshaminy-Langhorne High School
Founders:-->
Authority:-->
Category Label:to override the default label -->
Superintendent:Rob McGee
School Code:PA-122097502-6455
Ceeb:392145
Principal:Steve Garstka
Faculty:162.40
Enrollment:2,677 [1]
Enrollment As Of:2020–2021
Grade9:694
Grade10:699
Grade11:655
Grade12:629
Ratio:16.48
Student Union Label:to override the default label -->
Colors: Red & blue
Mascot:Redskin
Teams Label:to override the default label -->
Newspaper:The Playwickian
Yearbook:The Redskin

Neshaminy High School is a public high school in Middletown Township (Langhorne post office address) in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States.[2] It is the only high school in the Neshaminy School District, serving students in Middletown Township, Lower Southampton Township, Hulmeville, Langhorne, Langhorne Manor, and Penndel.[3] In 2022, the school enrolled 2,677 students in grades 9 through 12.[4] "U.S. News & World Report" ranked the school 117 out of 718 Pennsylvania high schools in 2022.[5]

History

20th century

In 1922, Langhorne Borough and Middletown Township signed an agreement to create Langhorne-Middletown High School at the corner of Cherry Street and Maple Avenue.[6] By 1946, Langhorne Manor, Penndel, Hulmeville, and Lower Southampton agreed to participate in the expansion of Langhorne-Middletown High School. However, their plan changed when William J. Levitt announced his plan to establish Levittown, one of America's first planned communities, partially located in Middletown Township. The creation of Levittown and other new housing developments lead to the district needing a new high school.[6] Neshaminy High School opened in 1953, covering grades 7 through 12.

Prior to the 1950s, most of lower Bucks County, Pennsylvania was rural farmland.

In the early 1970s, the population rose to 3,500.[7] As the district continued its rapid expansion in the 1960s, Neshaminy High School underwent multiple expansions. However, the community eventually decided that it needed a second high school.

In 1975, Neshaminy-Maple Point High School opened in the district's northern end; the existing Neshaminy High School became Neshaminy-Langhorne High School. Shortly after its opening, the community saw a rapid population decline, leading to the closure of Neshaminy-Maple Point only eight years after it opened. Once again, the entire district attended a single Neshaminy Senior High School for grades 10 through 12.[6] The name of Neshaminy High had reverted from Neshaminy-Langhorne High School.[7] The former Neshaminy-Maple Point High School reopened in 1993 as Maple Point Middle School and included grade 9.[8]

21st century

In 2003, the Neshaminy School Board proposed demolishing the current school building and constructing a new facility on the same school grounds. This plan was priced at $100 million and required an $85 million tax-funded bond. In April 2004, residents voted against the new building referendum due to its cost.[9]

As an alternative plan, the school board decided to demolish sections of the school and rebuild them as the school year proceeded. This major renovation project was estimated to cost $72 million and would replace 95% of classroom facilities. Because of recent renovations as recently as 1995, the existing auditorium, gym, cafeteria, and library were not replaced. When construction finished in September 2009, the school welcomed ninth graders back for the first time in three decades.

Campus

Neshaminy High School consists of a main building with a central hallway and branching hallways organized by department. There are two gymnasiums, one at the front of the school and one at the back. The school also has two theaters. The larger Theodore Kloos Auditorium is in the front of the main building and is used by the school's music department for the annual musical, and outside groups for performances. The school's drama department uses the smaller, black box theater.

As of 1982 its capacity was 2,500.[7]

Academics

In the 2020–2021 school year, 25% of students were proficient in the English keystones, 76.7% were professional in the algebra keystones, and 85.3% were proficient in the biology keystones. These scores may be lower than in previous years due to the impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic.[10] The school's average graduation rate was 93%.[11]

In 2015–2016, Neshaminy students took Advanced Placement (A.P.) exams in eighteen areas.[12] In 2020, Neshaminy students' average SAT score was 1190 (600 math, 590 verbal). The average ACT score was 27.

Extracurricular activities

Neshaminy High School offers dozens of co-curricular activities, including Action Adventure Club, Anime Club, Art Studio, Book Club, Ceramics Club, Change It Up Club, Color Guard, Concert Choir, dance team, debate team, Diversity Pride Club, dramatics, Environmental Action Club, Friends Helping Friends, Future Business Leaders of America, Future Problem Solvers, Interact, jazz band and ensemble, marching band, MiniTHON, Nature Club, National Honor Society, photography, Reading Olympics, select choir, Spectrum, and World Language Club.[13]

Gym Night

Neshaminy High School held its first Gym Night in the 1953–1954 school year. Since then, Gym Night has grown into a community-wide annual event. For the event, the student body divides into the Blue (last names A-K) and Red (last names L-Z) teams. For two nights in late winter, the two teams compete in relays and dance exhibitions designed and choreographed by the student. One team is crowned champion based on choreography, decorations, performance in relays, and sportsmanship.[14]

Student publications

The school's student newspaper is "The Playwickian." It has received awards from Columbia University for outstanding performance.[15] [16] On April 2, 2014, students Jackson Haines and Emily Scott received awards from the 2014 Scholastic Keystone Press Awards contest from articles published in "The Playwickian" about the school's mascot. Haines also receive a Gold Circle Award from the Columbia Scholastic Press Association for the same article. In July, the Pennsylvania High School Press Association awarded Journalism Teacher of the Year to Tara Huber, the adviser for "The Playwickian".[17]

Originally named "Expressions Literary Magazine", the school's "Howler" literary magazine has received the Pennsylvania School Press Association award. In addition, the school's yearbook is called "The Redskin.

Athletics

Neshaminy High School's athletic teams compete in fall, winter, and spring sports at the ninth-grade, junior varsity, and varsity levels. The school is a member of the Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association (PIAA) Suburban One League.[18] Fall sports include cheerleading, boys and girls cross country, field hockey, football, golf, boys and girls soccer, girls tennis, and girls volleyball.[19] Winter sports include boys and girls basketball, boys and girls bowling, cheerleading, boys and girls indoor track, boys and girls swimming, and wrestling.[20] Spring sports include baseball, boys and girls lacrosse, softball, boys tennis, boys and girls track, and boys volleyball.[21]

Mascot

Neshaminy High School athletic teams are known as the Skins. The prior mascot was the Redskins.In 2012, a Neshaminy parent of Native American descent started a campaign to change the name because of its racially offensive and harmful nature. This parent spoke at numerous board meetings, though Neshaminy made no progress toward a change. As a result, a complaint was filed with the Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission (PHRC) in 2013. After a thorough investigation, the PHRC ruled against the Neshaminy school district, deciding that the school must change the mascot. However, the school administration appealed PHRC's ruling.

On October 23, 2013, the student editorial board of the high school's newspaper, "The Playwickian", stated its intention to no longer call the team "Redskin" in its publications.[22] The school administration responded that the student editorial board lacked the power to make this decision.[23] In 2014, newspaper staff members received awards from the Scholastic Keystone Press Awards contest and the Gold Circle Award from the Columbia Scholastic Press Association for articles published in "The Playwickian" on the issue.[24]

In May 2014, a student submitted an opinion editorial containing the "Redskin" term. The school's Principal McGee demanded that "The Playwickian" run the piece and threatened to withdraw the newspaper's final issue if its staff did not comply. "The Playwickian" ran its last issue of the year without the article. The principal confiscated the newspaper, calling for an emergency meeting with its co-editors and restricting access to "The Playwickian's" social media and website.[25] [26] Later, McGee defend his actions in a statement on the school's website.[27] On June 26, 2014, the Neshaminy School Board gave "The Playwickian" authority to ban the term "redskin" in articles, but required the paper to publish editorials and letters to the editor with the term present and unedited.[28]

In 2015, the PHRC made a preliminary finding that the name Redskins is "racially derogatory" and creates a "hostile educational environment." The case then proceeded to a full committee hearing.[29] After six years of controversy, the PHRC held a hearing in January 2019.[30] In November 2019, the PHRC ruled that Neshaminy High School could continue to use the name but must cease using any imagery promoting negative stereotypes of Native Americans. In addition, PHRC required the school to teach its students about Native American history to prevent the use of stereotypes.[31] The school district spent over $400,000 in legal fees in its campaign to retain the Redskin nickname.[32]

Championships

The school has won several PIAA state athletic championships.

Neshaminy Sports PIAA State Championships
SportSeasonReference
Girls Soccer2013[33]
Softball2003
Football2001[34]
Wrestling1999, 2000
Boys Soccer1982, 1984, 1994
Field Hockey1983, 1990
Boys Gymnastics1986, 1988

Soccer

The soccer program has four state championship titles. The boys' program won PIAA State Championships in 1982, 1984, and 1994.[33] The girls' program won the title in 2013.

Football

The 1950 season is the first year as Neshaminy High School.

The first Neshaminy football team was assembled in 1950. [35] Under Head Coach:  James Egli the football team scored 133 total points that year. The team became a traditional powerhouse under head coach Harry E. Franks from 1952 through 1959, compiling a 69–10–2 record and scoring 2,203 points for 857 points against. The football team had undefeated seasons in 1954 and 1956.

John Petercuskie took over the head coaching position from 1960 through 1965, leading the team to a 59–1–5 record and ad 26 shutout victories. Under Petercuskie, the football team scored 1,925 points for 410 points against; the team was undefeated between 1960 and 1965, except in 1961, with a 51-game winning streak starting in 1961 and lasting until 1965.

Jack Swartz coached the team from 1968 through 1972, compiling a 43–11–1 record. The 1971 team had an 11–0 perfect record and is regarded as one of the best in Pennsylvania history.[35] PFN rated this Pennsylvania's team of the century in 2004.[35] In 1988, coach John Chaump took a team with an 11–0 regular season record to the semi-finals of the first-ever Pennsylvania state playoffs (statewide).

Beginning in 1995, head coach Mark Schmidt continued the winning tradition with a state playoff record of 16–6, three conference championships (2001, 2005, and 2008), two conference co-championships (2002, 2004), seven state playoff appearances (2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, and 2009), and one Pennsylvania state championship (2001). In addition, the 2001 football team compiled a perfect 15–0 overall record with running back Jamar Brittingham carrying the ball for 2575yd in fourteen games.

SeasonRecordCoachNeshaminy Football ChampionshipsSource
20185–1, 8–4Steve WilmotSuburban One League National Conference co-champions
20176–0, 10–2Steve WilmotSuburban One League National Conference
20166–0, 11–1Steve WilmotSuburban One League National Conference
20136–1, 13–2Mark SchmidtPIAA Class AAAA District One
20087–0, 12–2Mark SchmidtSuburban One League National Conference
20057–0, 10–2Mark SchmidtSuburban One League National Conference
20046–1, 13–2Mark SchmidtSuburban One League National Conference tri-champions, PIAA Class AAAA District One, PIAA Class AAAA Eastern Pennsylvania
20023–1, 8–3Mark SchmidtSuburban One League National Conference Patriot Division
20015–0, 15–0Mark SchmidtSuburban One League National Conference Patriot Division, PIAA Class AAAA District One, PIAA Class AAAA Eastern Pennsylvania, PIAA Class AAAA Pennsylvania State
19885–0, 11–1John ChaumpSuburban One League National Conference Patriot Division, PIAA Class AAAA District One
19874–1, 9–2John ChaumpSuburban One League National Conference Patriot Division (Tri-champions)
19864–1, 8–3Dick BedesemSuburban One League National Conference Patriot Division (Co-champions)
19754–1, 7–4Paris AllisonLower Bucks County League Section One (Co-champions)
19714–0, 6–0, 11–0Jack SchwartzLower Bucks County League Section One, Big Seven Conference
19703–0–1, 9–1–1Jack SchwartzLower Bucks County League Section One
19694–2, 7–4Jack SchwartzBig Seven Conference (Tri-champions)
19653–0, 3–0–1, 10–0–1John PetercuskieLower Bucks County League Section One, Big Six Conference
19643–0, 3–0–1, 9–0–1John PetercuskieLower Bucks County League Section One, East Penn Conference (Co-champions)
19633–0, 4–0, 9–0–1John PetercuskieLower Bucks County League Section One, East Penn Conference
19623–0, 10–0–1John PetercuskieLower Bucks County League Section One
19613–0, 11–1John PetercuskieLower Bucks County League Section One
19608–0, 10–0–1John PetercuskieLower Bucks County League
19598–0, 10–1Harry FranksLower Bucks County League
19586–0–1, 8–1–1Harry FranksLower Bucks County League (Co-champions)
19576–1, 7–3Harry FranksLower Bucks County League (Co-champions)
19566–0–1, 9–0–1Harry FranksLower Bucks County League
19557–0, 7–3Harry FranksLower Bucks County League
19547–0, 10–0Harry FranksLower Bucks County League
19536–1, 9–1Harry FranksLower Bucks County League (Co-champions)
19526–0, 9–1Harry FranksLower Bucks County League
19473–0, 7–2–1Mike DeRisiLower Bucks County League
19462–0, 7–2–1Mike DeRisiLower Bucks County League
+ Neshaminy Football Massey Computer End of Season Ratings Public Schools, All Classes
Season Coach Record Bucks County Rating District-1 Rating Pennsylvania RatingSource
2018 Steve Wilmot 8–4 2 8 39[36]
2017 Steve Wilmot 10–2 3 6 39
2016 Steve Wilmot 11–1 1 6 29
2015 Steve Wilmot 9–4 2 7 26
2014 4–6 4 16 112
2013 Mark Schmidt 13–2 1 1 3
2012 Mark Schmidt 9–4 4 9 42
2011 Mark Schmidt 8–4 3 6 26
2010 Mark Schmidt 12–2 1 2 11
2009 Mark Schmidt 9–3 1 8 38
2008 Mark Schmidt 12–2 1 2 21
2007 Mark Schmidt 11–2 1 3 19
2006 Mark Schmidt 6–4 4 8 55
2005 Mark Schmidt 10–2 1 3 18
2004 Mark Schmidt 13–2 1 1 5
2003 Mark Schmidt 3–7 6 18 126
2002 Mark Schmidt 8–3 1 7 49
2001 Mark Schmidt 15–0 1 1 1

Notes

Notable alumni

NameYearProfessionNotabilityReference
Ryan Arcidiacono2012Basketball PlayerGuard for the New York Knicks, played college basketball for the Villanova Wildcats[37]
Chris Bahr1971Football Player & Soccer PlayerFormer NFL kicker[38]
Matt Bahr1974Football Player & Soccer PlayerFormer NFL kicker[39]
Len Barker1973Baseball PlayerFormer MLB All-Star pitcher[40]
Anthony Fedorov2003SingerFormer lead singer for 7th Heaven, American Idol contestant[41]
James Franklin1991Football CoachHead Coach for the Penn State Nittany Lions[42]
Mike Frederick1991Football PlayerFormer NFL Defensive End[43]
Bob Grupp1973Football PlayerFormer Punter for the Kansas City Chiefs[44]
Kevin Kelly2005Football PlayerFormer Punter for the Harrisburg Stampede, played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions[45]
Christopher J. King1994PoliticianMember of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 142[46]
Steven Kunes1974ScreenwriterConvicted conman & member of the Writers Guild of America West[47]
Steve Shull1976Football PlayerFormer linebacker for the Miami Dolphins[48]
Harry Schuh1962Football PlayerFormer NFLOffensive Tackle[49]
Claire Smith1973SportswriterSubject of A League of Her Own, former New York Yankees beat writer[50]
Steven de Souza1965ScreenwriterAction film director and screenwriter
Daniel Styer1973Scientisttheoretical physicist and distinguished professor of physics at Oberlin College[51]
Shea Tierney2005Football CoachQuarterbacks Coach for the New York Giants[52]
Angela Trimbur1999Actoractress, writer, dancer, choreographer, and former reality television participant[53]
Catie Turner2018SingerSinger who competed on American Idol[54]
Chris Vincent2002Football PlayerFormer NFL running back[55]

Notable faculty

Notes and References

  1. Web site: School Fast Facts - Neshaminy HS . Future Ready PA Index . Pennsylvania Department of Education . 26 June 2022.
  2. Web site: 2022 Budget. Middletown Township. 2022-12-26. 239. Neshaminy High School, located in Middletown Township,[...]. - Also see: Web site: 2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Middletown township, PA. U.S. Census Bureau. 3 (PDF p. 4/5). - Compare with the full school address: " 2001 Old Lincoln Highway, Langhorne, PA 19047"
  3. Web site: About Us. Neshaminy School District. 2022-01-08.
  4. Web site: School Fast Facts - Neshaminy H.S. . Future Ready PA Index . Pennsylvania Department of Education . 26 June 2022.
  5. Web site: Neshaminy High School in Langhorne, PA - U.S. News Best High Schools of 2022 . . 26 June 2022.
  6. Web site: History and Traditions . Neshaminy High School . Neshaminy School District . 26 June 2022.
  7. News: Beans. Bruce. A $10M project that was late for class. Philadelphia Daily News. 1982-03-30. 24. - Clipping at Newspapers.com.
  8. Web site: Student Handbook 2016-2017 Maple Point . 26 June 2022 . Neshaminy.org . Neshaminy School District.
  9. News: Zauzmer . Julie . Education's Rising Costs . The Bulletin . October 19, 2007 . December 6, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071028191945/http://www.thebulletin.us/site/news.cfm?newsid=18934963&BRD=2737&PAG=461&dept_id=576361&rfi=6 . October 28, 2007 . dead . mdy-all .
  10. Web site: School Performance Detail - State Assessment Measures - Neshaminy H.S. . Future Ready PA Index . Pennsylvania Department of Education . 26 June 2022.
  11. Web site: Neshaminy High School Test Scores and Academics . 24 January 2022 . Niche . en.
  12. Web site: Neshaminy High School . Greatschools.net . 17 July 2010.
  13. Web site: Activities Overview / Co-Curricular Activities & Clubs. 2022-01-24. www.neshaminy.org. en.
  14. Web site: What Is Gym Night? . Neshaminy High School . Neshaminy School District . 26 June 2022.
  15. http://www.neshaminy.org/site/default.aspx?PageType=3&ModuleInstanceID=4525&ViewID=047E6BE3-6D87-4130-8424-D8E4E9ED6C2A&RenderLoc=0&FlexDataID=20376&PageID=778
  16. Web site: 2001 . Playwickian Columbia Scholastic Press Association's Gold Medal Certificate of Excellence . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120429105540/http://www.neshaminy.org/site/default.aspx?PageType=3&ModuleInstanceID=4525&ViewID=047E6BE3-6D87-4130-8424-D8E4E9ED6C2A&RenderLoc=0&FlexDataID=20376&PageID=778 . 2012-04-29 . 2022-11-10 . Neshaminy.org . Wayback Machine.
  17. Web site: Kass . Dani . 2014-06-11 . Neshaminy newspaper adviser named Pennsylvania journalism teacher of the year . 2022-11-10 . Student Press Law Center . en-US.
  18. Web site: Neshaminy suburbanonesports.com . 2022-01-24 . www.suburbanonesports.com.
  19. Web site: Fall Sports / Coaches & Team Websites . 2022-11-10 . www.neshaminy.org . en.
  20. Web site: Winter Sports / Coaches & Team Websites . 2022-11-10 . www.neshaminy.org . en.
  21. Web site: Spring Sports / Coaches & Team Websites . 2022-11-10 . www.neshaminy.org . en.
  22. News: October 25, 2013 . Playwickian editorial explaining the decision to stop using the word "Redskin" . dead . November 15, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131115181659/http://www.phillyburbs.com/00redesign/news/local/playwickian-editorial-explaining-the-decision-to-stop-using-the-word/article_6bafb6a0-71a2-57f2-9c3a-ef25100d859a.html . November 15, 2013.
  23. Web site: 14 November 2013 . High school newspaper not allowed to ban the word "Redskins": At Neshaminy (Penn.) H.S., whe .
  24. News: February 26, 2014 . Neshaminy student newspaper, the Playwickian, wins 2014 Scholastic Keystone Press Awards . Bucks Local News . May 31, 2018.
  25. Web site: Benjamin Mullin . July 10, 2014 . Student editors will fight to purge 'redskin' from their paper . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221436/http://www.poynter.org/2014/student-editors-will-fight-to-purge-redskin-from-their-paper/258207/ . March 3, 2016 . May 31, 2018 . Poynter.
  26. http://www.theintell.com/opinion/editorial/foolish-action-and-reaction/article_20c8bdad-08d1-54c7-a942-75b34f6bc279.html Foolish action and reaction - The Intelligencer: Editorials
  27. Web site: Principal / Statement about NHS's Newspaper Internet Accounts . 2022-11-10 . www.neshaminy.org . en.
  28. Web site: Shulman . Jeffrey . How student speech is protected in Neshaminy's 'R' word case . 2022-11-10 . Inquirer . 2 July 2014 . en.
  29. News: D.E. Schlatter . May 4, 2015 . State civil rights agency finds Neshaminy's use of 'Redskins' name 'racially derogatory,' could open the door for lengthy proceedings . BucksLocalNews .
  30. News: Boccella . Kathy . January 7, 2019 . Flap over Neshaminy' Redskins' nickname goes before a state panel . .
  31. Web site: Hanna . Maddie . 2019-11-25 . Neshaminy School District can keep 'Redskins' name, but must educate students to prevent stereotypes, state commission says . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20200220070728/https://www.inquirer.com/education/neshaminy-redskins-name-pennsylvania-human-relations-commission-native-americans-20191125.html . 2020-02-20 . 2020-02-20 . . en-US.
  32. Web site: Legal fees for Bucks County district to defend 'Redskins' name eclipse $400K . 2022-11-10 . WHYY . en-US.
  33. Suburban One League
  34. Web site: Neshaminy Football . 2022-11-10 . Neshaminy Football . en-US.
  35. Web site: History . 2022-11-10 . Neshaminy Football . en-US.
  36. Web site: Massey Ratings - Sports Computer Ratings, Scores, and Analysis . 2022-11-10 . masseyratings.com.
  37. Web site: Ryan Arcidiacono Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft Status and more . Basketball-Reference.com . en.
  38. Web site: Chris Bahr Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College . Pro-Football-Reference.com . en.
  39. Web site: Matt Bahr Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College . Pro-Football-Reference.com . en.
  40. Web site: Len Barker Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status & More . Baseball-Reference.com . en.
  41. Web site: Siekmann . Renate . Bucks student and American Idol hopeful . The Centurion.
  42. Web site: Lockridge . Jeff . Reports: James Franklin to be Penn State's new coach . USA TODAY.
  43. Web site: Mike Frederick Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College . Pro-Football-Reference.com . en.
  44. Web site: Bob Grupp Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College . Pro-Football-Reference.com . en.
  45. Web site: Kevin Kelly . Neshaminy Football.
  46. Web site: Official Website - PA House Archives Official Website . archives.house.state.pa.us.
  47. Web site: Steven Kunes, bogus Netflix producer, in Bucks County prison - News - Bucks County Courier Times - Levittown, PA . 31 January 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180131082511/http://www.buckscountycouriertimes.com/5303700a-c14a-11e5-aeba-6ff01b834fd4.html . 2018-01-31 .
  48. Web site: Steve Shull Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College . Pro-Football-Reference.com . en.
  49. Web site: Harry Schuh Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College . Pro-Football-Reference.com . en.
  50. Web site: Get to Know: Sports Journalist Claire Smith . www.visitbuckscounty.com . en-us.
  51. Web site: Daniel F. Styer . www2.oberlin.edu.
  52. Web site: Shea Tierney NFL Coaching Record and Bio - Pro Football Archives . www.profootballarchives.com.
  53. Web site: Angela Trimbur . 23 May 2012 .
  54. Web site: Vineberg . Andy . Langhorne's Catie Turner makes instant splash on 'American Idol' . https://web.archive.org/web/20190328071045/https://www.burlingtoncountytimes.com/news/20180312/langhornes-catie-turner-makes-instant-splash-on-american-idol . March 28, 2019 . www.burlingtoncountytimes.com.
  55. Web site: Chris Vincent - Football . University of Oregon Athletics . en.
  56. Web site: 2004-08-31 . Bedesem inducted into sports hall . 2022-11-10 . thereporteronline . en-US.
  57. Web site: Neshaminy Football . 2022-11-10 . Neshaminy Football . en-US.
  58. Web site: Waring . Tom . February 19, 2005 . Where are they now? John Petercuskie Bucks County Courier . 2022-11-10 . Neshaminy Football . en-US.
  59. Web site: Willis Group set to leave Bermuda for Ireland . Meir Rinde . NJ.com . October 11, 2009 . May 31, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184434/http://www.nj.com/news/times/regional/index.ssf?%2Fbase%2Fnews-18%2F1255239923117140.xml&coll=5 . March 3, 2016 . live . mdy-all .
  60. News: Plumeri . Joe . The Boss – An Accidental Start . . June 23, 2002 . July 15, 2010.