Nervilia Explained

Nervilia, commonly known as shield orchids, is a genus of orchids with about 80 species widely distributed across most of sub-Saharan Africa, southern Asia (Saudi Arabia, India, China, Japan, Indochina, Indonesia, etc.), Australia, and various islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans.[1] Six species occur in Australia (2 or 3 of these endemic),[2] with 16 in India,[3] 10 in China[4] and 5 in South Africa.[5]

Description

Orchids in the genus Nervilia are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with an oval to almost spherical tuber and sometimes a few short roots. One or two flowers are borne on an erect, fleshy, leafless flowering stem. When flowering the plants lack leaves, but a single erect or ground-hugging leaf develops after the flower has fully opened. The leaves are usually wrinkled or crumpled with distinct, fan-like veins, giving rise to the genus name. The flowers are often short-lived, lasting for only a few days. The sepals and petals are similar, but the labellum is prominent and often composed of three lobes. The genus is poorly understood, mainly because the flower and leaf are present at different times, so that herbarium specimens are often incomplete.[6] [7]

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Nervilia was first formally described in 1827 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré after an unpublished description by Philibert Commerson. The description was published in his book Voyage autour du monde.[8] The name Nervilia is derived from the Latin word nervus meaning "nerve",[9] referring to the veined leaves.[10]

Nervilia is the sole member of its subtribe, the Nerviliinae.

Species list

The following is a list of species of Nervilia recognised by the Index Kewensis as of September 2023:[11]

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=135247 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 280.
  3. http://orchidkerala.googlepages.com/nervilia.htm Orchid Kerala, Nervilia
  4. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=122179 Flora of China v 25 p 197, 芋兰属 yu lan shu, Nervilia Commerson ex Gaudichaud, Voy. Uranie, Bot. 421. 1829.
  5. Plants of Southern Africa: an Online Check List
  6. Web site: Nervilia . Flora of China . 15 August 2018.
  7. Web site: Nervilia . Flora of Pakistan . 15 August 2018.
  8. Book: Gaudichaud-Beaupré . Charles . Voyage autour du monde . 1826 . Paris . 421–422 . 15 August 2018.
  9. Book: Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C.. 555.
  10. Book: Quattrocchi . Umberto . CRC world dictionary of plant names: common names, scientific names, eponyms and etymology . limited . 2000 . CRC Press . Boca Raton, Florida USA . 0849326737 . 1814.
  11. Web site: Nervilia. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. World Checklist of Orchidaceae.

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