Neonectria Explained

Neonectria is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae.

It is a cosmopolitan genus commonly distributed in tropical and temperate regions.^[1] The species occur as saprobes (processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter), pathogens and some species have been isolated as soil inhabitants (Brayford 1993;^[2] Chaverri et al. 2011).^[3]

Neonectria was linked to the asexual genus Cylindrocarpon. Later phylogenetic analysis revealed that Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon arephylogenetically congeneric and they are not monophyletic (Mantiri et al. 2001;^[4] Brayford et al. 2004;^[5] Seifert et al. 2003).^[6] A taxonomic revision of Neonectria sensu lato was provided by Chaverri et al. in 2011,^[3] based on multi-locus phylogenetic analysis, morphological characters and ecological data. Their phylogenetic analysis showed five distinct highly supported clades that correspond to some extent with the informal Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon groups. Hence, three genera llyonectria, Rugonectria and Thelonectria were introduced to accommodate three Neonectria sensu lato informal groups.^[3]

'Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa' by Wijayawardene et al. lists up to 30 species (in 2020),^[7] and around 25 records are listed by Species Fungorum,^[8] and GBIF.^[1]

Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum;^[8]

• Neonectria aquatica
• Neonectria austroradicicola
• Neonectria californica
• Neonectria candida
• Neonectria coccinea
• Neonectria confusa
• Neonectria dinghushanica
• Neonectria ditissima
• Neonectria ditissimopsis
• Neonectria dumontii
• Neonectria faginata
• Neonectria hederae
• Neonectria lugdunensis
• Neonectria magnoliae
• Neonectria major
• Neonectria microconidia
• Neonectria neomacrospora
• Neonectria obtusispora
• Neonectria phaeodisca
• Neonectria punicea
• Neonectria quercicola
• Neonectria ramulariae
• Neonectria shennongjiana
• Neonectria tokyoensis
• Neonectria tsugae
• Neonectria verrucispora

Former species;^[8]

• N. amamiensis = Thelonectria amamiensis, Nectriaceae
• N. castaneicola = Rugonectria castaneicola, Hypocreales
• N. cinnamomea = Cinnamomeonectria cinnamomea, Nectriaceae
• N. coprosmae = Ilyonectria coprosmae, Hypocreales
• N. coronata = Thelonectria coronata, Nectriaceae
• N. discophora = Thelonectria discophora, Nectriaceae
• N. discophora var. rubi = Thelonectria rubi, Nectriaceae
• N. fuckeliana = Corinectria fuckeliana, Nectriaceae
• N. galligena = Neonectria ditissima, Nectriaceae
• N. hubeiensis = Cylindrodendrum hubeiense, Nectriaceae
• N. jungneri = Macronectria jungneri, Nectriaceae
• N. liriodendri = Ilyonectria liriodendri, Hypocreales
• N. lucida = Thelonectria lucida, Nectriaceae
• N. macroconidialis = Ilyonectria macroconidialis, Hypocreales
• N. macrodidyma = Dactylonectria macrodidyma, Nectriaceae
• N. platycephala = Thelonectria platycephala, Nectriaceae
• N. radicicola = Ilyonectria radicicola, Hypocreales
• N. reteaudii = Calonectria reteaudii, Nectriaceae
• N. rugulosa = Rugonectria rugulosa, Hypocreales
• N. sinensis = Thelonectria sinensis, Nectriaceae
• N. trachosa = Thelonectria trachosa, Nectriaceae
• N. veuillotiana = Thelonectria veuillotiana, Nectriaceae
• N. viridispora = Thelonectria viridispora, Nectriaceae
• N. westlandica = Thelonectria westlandica, Nectriaceae

Notes and References

1. Web site: Neonectria Wollenw. . www.gbif.org . 20 July 2023 . en.
2. Brayford . D. . Samuels . G.J. . Some didymosporous species of Nectria with nonmicroconidial Cylindrocarpon anamorphs. . Mycologia . 1993 . 85 . 4 . 612–637. 10.1080/00275514.1993.12026315 .
3. Chaverri . P. . Salgado . C. . Hirooka . Y. . Rossman . A.Y. . Samuels . G.J. . Delimitation of Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) and related genera with Cylindrocarpon-like anamorphs. . Stud. Mycol. . 2011 . 68 . 57–78. 10.3114/sim.2011.68.03 . 21523189 . 3065985 .
4. Mantiri . F.R. . Samuels . G.J. . Rahe . J.E. . Honda . B.M. . Phylogenetic relationship in Neonectria species having Cylindrocarpon anamorphs inferred from mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. . Canadian Journal of Botany . 2001 . 79 . 3 . 334–340. 10.1139/b01-002 .
5. Brayford . D. . Honda . B.M. . Mantiri . F.R. . Samuels . G.J. . Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon: the Nectria mammoidea group and species lacking macroconidia. . Mycologia . 2004 . 96 . 3 . 572–597. 10.1080/15572536.2005.11832955 . 21148879 . 218589904 .
6. Seifert . K.A. . McMullen . C.R. . Yee . D. . Reeleder . R.D. . Dobinson . K.F. . Molecular differentiation and detection of ginseng-adapted isolates of the root rot fungus Cylindrocarpon destructans. . Phytopathology . 2003 . 93 . 12 . 1533–1542. 10.1094/PHYTO.2003.93.12.1533 . 18943617 . free .
7. 6 . Wijayawardene . Nalin . Hyde . Kevin . Laith Khalil Tawfeeq . Al-Ani . Somayeh . Dolatabadi . Stadler . Marc . Haelewaters . Danny . Tsurykau . Andrei . Mesic . Armin . Navathe . Sudhir . Papp . Viktor . Oliveira Fiuza . Patrícia . Vázquez . Víctor . Gautam . Ajay . Becerra . Alejandra G. . Ekanayaka . Anusha . K. C. . Rajeshkumar . Bezerra . Jadson . Matočec . Neven . Maharachchikumbura . Sajeewa . Suetrong . Satinee . 2020 . Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa . Mycosphere . 11 . 1060–1456 . 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 . free. 10481/61998 . free .
8. Web site: Neonectria - Search Page . www.speciesfungorum.org . Species Fungorum . 10 July 2023.