Neighbours (1952 film) explained

Neighbours (Voisins)
Director:Norman McLaren
Producer:Norman McLaren
Starring:Grant Munro
Jean-Paul Ladouceur
Music:Norman McLaren
Cinematography:Wolf Koenig (photography)
Distributor:National Film Board of Canada
Runtime:8 minutes
Country:Canada

Neighbours (French title: Voisins) is a 1952 anti-war film by Scottish-Canadian filmmaker Norman McLaren for the National Film Board of Canada.[1] In 1953, it won the Oscar for Best Documentary, Short Subject.

Production

The film uses pixilation, an animation technique using live actors as stop motion objects. McLaren created the soundtrack of the film by scratching the edge of the film, creating various blobs, lines, and triangles which the projector read as sound.

Plot

Two men, Jean-Paul Ladouceur and Grant Munro (representing French Canada and English Canada, respectively), live peacefully in adjacent cardboard houses. When a single, small flower blooms between their houses, they fight each other to the death over the ownership of that flower.

The film ends with a moral, shown in multiple languages:

同胞に親切なれ (Dōhō ni shinsetsu nare)

親善鄰居 (Qīnshàn línjū)

आपके पड़ोसी से प्रेम पूर्वक व्यवहार कीजिए (Aapke parosii ke prem porvak vyavahaar kiijie)

اپنے ہمساءے دوستانی برتاؤ کرؤ (Aapne hamsaae dostaani bartaao karo)

اَحِب قَرِيبَك (Ahib qaribak)

וְאָהַבְתָּ לְרֵעֲךָ (V'ahavta l'reacha)

Любите ближнего своего; Lyubite blizhnego svoyego

Amu vian najbaron

Elsk din nabo

Ama a tu prójimo

Liebe deinen Nächsten

Amate il prossimo

Aimez votre prochain

"Love your neighbour"

Cast

Controversy

Neighbours has been described as "one of the most controversial films the NFB ever made".[2] The eight-minute film was politically motivated:

"I was inspired to make Neighbours by a stay of almost a year in the People's Republic of China. Although I only saw the beginnings of Mao's revolution, my faith in human nature was reinvigorated by it. Then I came back to Quebec and the Korean War began. (...) I decided to make a really strong film about anti-militarism and against war." — Norman McLaren [3] [4]

The version of Neighbours that ultimately won an Oscar was not the version McLaren had originally created. In order to make the film palatable for American and European audiences, McLaren was required to remove a scene in which the two men, fighting over the flower, murdered the other's wife and children.[5]

During the Vietnam War, public opinion changed, and McLaren was asked to reinstate the sequence. The original negative of that scene had been destroyed, so the scene was salvaged from a positive print of lower quality.[6]

NFB founder John Grierson, who had invited McLaren to the NFB to form its first animation unit, would ultimately disparage Neighbours and McLaren's attempt at political cinema:

"I wouldn't trust Norman around the corner as a political thinker. I wouldn't trust Norman around the corner as a philosophic thinker. That's not what Norman is for. Norman is for Hen Hop. Hen Hop. That's wonderful. And so many other things. That's his basic gift. He's got joy in his movement. He's got loveliness in his movement. He's got fancy in his changes. That's enough."[7]

Pixilation

The term 'pixilation' was created by Grant Munro to describe stop-motion animation of humans in his work with McLaren on Two Bagatelles, a pair of short pixilation films made prior to Neighbours. During one brief sequence, the two actors appear to levitate, an effect achieved by having the actors repeatedly jump upward and photographing them at the top of their trajectories.

McLaren followed Neighbours with two other films using a similar combination of pixilation, live action, variable speed photography and string puppets. The first, A Chairy Tale (1957) was a collaboration with Claude Jutra and Ravi Shankar. The second, Opening Speech by Norman McLaren (1960) was made for the International Film Festival of Montreal, and starred McLaren himself.

Wolf Koenig served as cameraman on the film.[8]

Awards

(*A 2005 press release issued by AMPAS states that Neighbours is "among a group of films that not only competed, but won Academy Awards in what were clearly inappropriate categories".[9])

Honours

Neighbours was designated as a "masterwork" by the Audio-Visual Preservation Trust of Canada, a charitable non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the preservation of Canada's audio-visual heritage.[10]

In 2009, Neighbours was added to UNESCO's Memory of the World Programme, listing the most significant documentary heritage collections in the world.[11]

Legacy

Neighbours was the influence for the 1992 music video "Rest in Peace" by the American rock band, Extreme. In the original music video for the song, the neighbors fight over a TV set showing the band performing, instead of a flower. The band was sued, but the controversy was quickly settled out of court. Extreme later released a new version of the video, consisting only of the performance montage of the band on a white cyclorama which was displayed on the television set in the original video.

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Neighbours . onf-nfb.gc.ca . 11 October 2012 . National Film Board of Canada . 27 February 2023.
  2. Web site: A rather incomplete but still fascinating history of animation. McLaughlin. Dan. 2001. 2006-08-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060812142657/http://animation.filmtv.ucla.edu/program/anihist.html . 2006-08-12.
  3. Web site: Norman McLaren. National Film Board of Canada. 2012-02-27.
  4. Web site: Nordine . Michael . This Oscar-Winning 1952 Stop-Motion Short Is Looking Awfully Relevant Right Now . IndieWire . 19 February 2017 . Penske Media Corporation . 6 December 2022.
  5. Web site: Neighbours. Cartagena. Rene. 2003. 2006-08-30.
  6. Curtis, David. Norman McLaren. Edinburgh: Scottish Arts Council Catalogue, 1977.
  7. Book: Kristmanson, Mark. Plateaus of Freedom: Nationality, Culture, and State Security in Canada, 1920–1960. 2002. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-541803-3. 54.
  8. News: For Wolf Koenig, it was about framing that decisive moment. Martin. Sandra. 24 August 2014. The Globe and Mail. 27 August 2014.
  9. Web site: Oscar's Docs Resumes with Nature Documentaries . Webwire.com . 2005-10-31 . 2014-08-27.
  10. http://avtrust.ca/masterworks/2000/en_film.htm AV Trust | Preserving Canada's Visual and Audio Treasures
  11. Web site: Neighbours, animated, directed and produced by Norman McLaren in 1952. https://web.archive.org/web/20090805041431/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D26905%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html. dead. 5 August 2009. Memory of the World. UNESCO. 16 October 2010.