| Nawathinehena | |
| Nativename: | Nawathi'nehena, nawaθiʔnehena |
| States: | United States |
| Era: | attested 1899 |
| Ref: | [1] |
| Familycolor: | Algic |
| Fam1: | Algic |
| Fam2: | Algonquian |
| Fam3: | Arapahoan |
| Iso3: | nwa |
| Linglist: | nwa |
| Glotto: | nawa1259 |
| Glottorefname: | Nawathinehena |
| Ethnicity: | Nawathi'neha/Southern Arapaho |
| Region: | Oklahoma |
Nawathinehena is an extinct Algonquian language formerly spoken among the Arapaho. It had a phonological development quite different from either Gros Ventre or Arapaho proper. It has been identified as the former language of the Southern Arapaho, who switched to speaking Arapaho proper in the 19th century. However, the language is not well attested, being documented only in a vocabulary collected in 1899 by Alfred L. Kroeber from the Oklahoma Arapaho.
While it shares many important phonological innovations with Arapaho, it presents the merger of *r, *θ and *s with *t as t instead of n as in Arapaho, a sound change reminiscent of Blackfoot and Cheyenne (Goddard 1974, Jacques 2013). PA *w changes to m instead of merging with *r, *s and *n as n.
Some numbers of the Nawathinehena language:
| Nawathinehena | English | |
|---|---|---|
| tcäⁿcinaha’ | One | |
| nīsähä’ | Two | |
| nahaha | Three | |
| niabaha’ | Four | |
| niotanähä’ | Five | |
| neixθioti | Six | |
| nīciotaⁿ | Seven | |
| nexiotähähäⁿ | Eight | |
| cioxtähähäⁿ | Nine | |
| maxtoxtanähäⁿ | Ten |