| Conventional Long Name: | Naval Base Samoa |
| Common Name: | Naval Base Samoa |
| Image Map2: | Samoan Islands.png |
| Map Caption2: | Map of Samoa |
| Time Zone: | WST |
| Utc Offset: | +13c |
Naval Base Samoa, codename Operation Straw, was a number of United States Navy bases at American Samoa in the central Pacific Ocean. The bases were used during World War II to support the island hopping Pacific War efforts of the allied nations fighting the Empire of Japan.
Before the war, the Navy used Pago Pago harbor as a fueling station and a communication center. The center was part of the 1940 national defense program. In 1940 the center had a 300-foot wharf, a radio station, barracked, headquarters, shops, and motor pool, a power plant, water plant. On 1 July 1940 a Pacific Naval Air Bases contract was signed to improve the base at Samoa. The contract was for new fuel-oil, diesel, and gasoline tank farms. Also expansion of the station, an airbase, a dispensary, net depot, a new radio station, gun emplacements, bomb shelters, and ammunition depot. When Charles F. B. Price arrived he took over overseeing the construction started by civilian labor.
The bases were in the Samoan Islands, the Samoan islands are divided in half at the International Date Line. The east half are the American Samoa islands and to the west are the Western Samoa part of British Samoa during the war. In 1942 the US Navy used American Samoa as a staging base for upcoming missions in the south pacific. Lieutenant General of the United States Marine Corps, Charles F. B. Price, arrived on 28 April 1942 and set up this Pacific war command at the city of Pago Pago. In the early part of the Pacific war on 11 January 1942, Pago Pago was shelled by a Japanese submarine I-20.
US Navy Seabee 7th Construction Battalion arrived in July 1942 and worked was shifted from contractors to Seabees. The Seabee 11th Battalion arrived late in August 1942 and took over the work. The Seabee 5th Construction Detachment arrived in April 1943 to help complete all the projects. The Construction Battalion Maintenance Unit (CBMU) 506 arrived in May 1943 and the 11th Battalion departed for Naval Base New Caledonia.
As the Pacific war moved east towards Japan, much of Naval Base Samoa was created and moved to US Naval Bases to the east in 1944. By 1945, Samoa remained a refueling station, emergency seaplane base, weather station, and communications center. Most of the bases were closed after the war.
The station at Tutuila was the last base closed in 1951.[1] [2]
Naval Base Samoa and Naval Base Fiji supported three airfields to the north:
See main article: Seabees in World War II. Seabees had the men and equipment to build airfields and sea bases. At the base, Seabees built a camp for the crews and a depot for the supplies they need for the project. Seabees often worked in shifts around the clock to open airfields as quickly as possible. On a project was completed they move to the next project.[2]