Lands inhabited by Indigenous peoples explained

The lands inhabited by indigenous peoples receive different treatments around the world. Many countries have specific legislation, definitions, nomenclature, objectives, etc., for such lands. To protect indigenous land rights, special rules are sometimes created to protect the areas they live in. In other cases, governments establish "reserves" with the intention of segregation. Some indigenous peoples live in places where their right to land is not recognised, or not effectively protected.

By country

In Australia

In Bangladesh

Chittagong Hill Tracts

In Belize

Aguacate Indian Reservation, Toledo
Black Creek Indian Reservation, Toledo
Blue Creek Indian Reservation, Toledo
Crique Sarco Indian Reservation, Toledo
Graham Creek Indian Reservation, Toledo
Hinchasones Indian Reservation, Toledo
Machaca Indian Reservation, Toledo
Xpicilha Indian Reservation, Toledo

In Bolivia

Native Community Lands

TCO	Location	Size (hectares)	Date Established	Established by	Indigenous Peoples	Previous Status
Sirionó Indigenous Territory		52,408.71 ha^[1]	^[2]	Supreme Decree 22609	Sirionó
Isiboro Sécure National Park and Indigenous Territory	Cochabamba/Beni Department border	1,372,180 ha		Supreme Decree 22610	Trinitario Mojeño, Yuracaré, Chimán	National Park (since 1965)
Multiethnic Indigenous Territory I	Beni	365,483.26 ha		Supreme Decree 22611	Trinitario Mojeño, Ignaciano Mojeño, Movima, Yuracaré, Chimán
Chimán Indigenous Territory I	Beni	337,360.44 ha
Pilón Lajas Biosphere Reserve and Communal Lands	Yungas region, northern La Paz Department and Beni	400,000 ha		Supreme Decree 23110	Mosetén, Tsimané, Tacana	Biosphere Reserve (since 1977)
Chayantaka Native Community Lands	north Potosí	36,366.79	^[3]	INRA titling completed	Chayantaka ayllu
Lomerío Chiquitano Indigenous Territory		259,188		Supreme Decree 23112 INRA Titling Complete	Chiquitano
Monte Verde Chiquitano Indigenous Territory	Ñuflo de Chávez Province, Santa Cruz	947,440.8		Titling completed and awarded	Chiquitano
Araona Indigenous Territory				Supreme Decree 23108
Yuki Indigenous Territory	Cochabamba			Supreme Decree 23111	Yuki, Yuracaré
Yuracaré Native Community Lands	Cochabamba				Yuracaré
Avatiri Ingre Native Community Lands	Chuquisaca				Guaraní
Avatiri Huacareta Native Community Lands	Chuquisaca				Guaraní
Avatiri Ingre Native Community Lands	Chuquisaca				Guaraní
Machareti-Ñancaroinza-Carandayti Native Community Lands	Chuquisaca				Guaraní
Itikaraparirenda Native Community Lands	Chuquisaca				Guaraní
Alto Parapetí Native Community Lands	Santa Cruz				Guaraní	Ranches with Guaraní in conditions of servitude^[4]
Nor Lípez Native Community Lands	Nor Lípez Province, Potosí	2,000,291		INRA titling completed	Central Única Provincial de Comunidades Originarias de Nor Lípez^[5]
Jatun Ayllu-Juchuy Ayllu-Chaupi Ayllu Native Community Lands	Sur Lípez Province, Potosí	1,557,532		INRA titling completed	Jatun Ayllu, Juchuy Ayllu, Chaupi Ayllu indigenous communities
Enrique Baldivieso Native Community Lands	Enrique Baldivieso Province, Potosí	227,003		INRA titling completed	Central Única de la Provincia de Comunidades Originarias Enrique Baldivieso

In Botswana

New Xade, a village established as an indigenous reservation for Khoe-speaking San (Bushmen) ethnic groups and other first peoples relocated from their traditional lands on the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR).The primary ethnic groups residing in the settlement are the G/ui (Dcuikhoe), G//ana (Dxanakhoe), and Bakgalagadi.
Kaudwane, another village established as an indigenous reservation for indigenous San ethnic groups relocated from the Central Kalahari Game Reserve.
- A smaller number of indigenous San peoples were also relocated to the villages of Bere, Chobokwane and New Xanagas

In Brazil

Terras Indígenas, in the wide sense
- Terras indígenas, in the strict sense
- Terras reservadas (reserva indígena, parque indígena, colônia agrícola indígena e território federal indígena)
- Terras dominiais

In Canada^[6]

Inuit Nunangat^[7]
- Nunavut, a federal territory open to non-natives but Inuit-majority
- Inuvialuit Settlement Region, established by the federal government and lying within Yukon and the Northwest Territories, co-managed with the Inuvialuit
- Nunavik (Kativik Regional Government), Quebec
- Nunatsiavut, Newfoundland and Labrador
Unique to each province:
- Indian reserves, or First Nations reserves (Canada-wide)
- Aboriginal villages and territories of Quebec
  - Eeyou Istchee
  - Kanesatake, Kahnewake, Doncaster and Akwesasne
  - Kawawachikamach, Quebec
- Regional councils and community governments of the Northwest Territories
  - Akaitcho Territory Government
  - Dehcho First Nations
  - Gwich'in Tribal Council
  - Inuvialuit Regional Corporation
  - Northwest Territory Métis Nation
  - Sahtu Dene Council
  - Tłįchǫ Government
  - Three First Nations reserves
    - Acho Dene Koe First Nation, Hay River Reserve and Salt River Reserve
- First Nations reserves, tribal councils, First Nations governments and Indian government districts in British Columbia
  - Nisga'a First Nation
  - Tla'amin First Nation
  - Maa-nulth First Nation
  - Secehtl Indian Band
  - Westbank First Nation
  - Tsawwassen First Nation
- First Nation reserves and tribal self-government/land claim agreements of the Yukon
- Manitoba has 63 Indian reserves, 14 urban reserves and 7 tribal councils
- Alberta
  - 48 First Nations reserves
  - 6 Indian settlements
  - 8 Métis Settlements
  - 10 tribal councils

Central African Republic

Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve, a forest reserve established to protect wildlife and the indigenous Baka Pygmies communities of Bayanga, Moussapoula, Kunda, Papaye and Yobe.

In China

Autonomous administrative divisions of China

In Colombia

Indigenous reserves in Colombia
Territorios indígenas
Resguardo indígena

In Costa Rica

Indigenous territories of Costa Rica
- Boruca Indian Reservation^[8]
- Guaymi Indian Reservation^[9]
- Horse Treks and Guayami Indian Reservation^[10]

In Denmark

Kalaallit Nunaat, an autonomous territory

In Dominica

Carib Territory

In Finland and Scandinavia

In Guyana

Epira Amerindian District (East Berbice-Corentyne Area)
Epira Amerindian Reservation (East Berbice-Corentyne Area)
Kanuku Amerindian District (Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Area)
Karasabai Amerindian District (Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Area)
Orealla Amerindian District (East Berbice-Corentyne Area)
Orealla Amerindian Reservation (East Berbice-Corentyne Area)
Pomeroon-Ituribisi Amerindian District (Pomeroon-Supenaam Area)
Pomeroon-Ituribisi Indian Reservation (Pomeroon-Supenaam Area)
Pomeroon-Ituribisi Reservation (Pomeroon-Supenaam Area)
Saint Francis Amerindian District (Guyana Area)
Santa Amerindian District (Essequibo Islands-West Demerara Area)
Wikki Amerindian District (Upper Demerara-Berbice Area)
Wikki Amerindian Reservation (Upper Demerara-Berbice Area)
Wikki Indian Reservation (Upper Demerara-Berbice Area)^[11]

In Hong Kong

Indigenous villages of the New Territories, there are 586 villages recognized as indigenous by the Small House Policy which are represented by 27 rural committees. The largest indigenous group is the Hakka followed by Tanka, Hoklo and Weitou peoples.

- Cheung Chau Rural Committee
- Fanling District Rural Committee
- Ha Tsuen Rural Committee
- Hang Hau Rural Committee
- Lamma Island (North) Rural Committee
- Lamma Island (South) Rural Committee
- Kam Tin Rural Committee
- Ma Wan Rural Committee
- Mui Wo Rural Committee
- Pat Heung Rural Committee
- Peng Chau Rural Committee
- Ping Shan Rural Committee
- Sai Kung North Rural Committee
- Sai Kung Rural Committee
- San Tin Rural Committee
- Sha Tau Kok District Rural Committee
- Sha Tin Rural Committee
- Shap Pat Heung Rural Committee
- Sheung Shui District Rural Committee
- South Lantao Rural Committee
- Ta Kwu Ling District Rural Committee
- Tai O Rural Committee
- Tai Po Rural Committee
- Tsing Yi Rural Committee
- Tuen Mun Rural Committee
- Tung Chung Rural Committee
- Tsuen Wan Rural Committee

Frontier Closed Area, a restricted border zone in Hong Kong on the border with Mainland China populated by a number of indigenous Hakka villages.Since non-residents require a special Closed Area Permit to enter the FCA, the area effectively functions as a protected indigenous reservation for the Hakka and Tanka inhabitants.
- Lok Ma Chau
- Ta Kwu Leng
- Sha Tau Kok
- Chung Ying Street District

In India

Adivasi and India tribal belt
29 Autonomous district councils
Northeast India
North Sentinel Island, a de facto self-governing island located in the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands inhabited by the uncontacted Sentinelese people
South India

In Japan

In Panama

In Peru

Communal reserves are conservation areas for flora and fauna, allowing traditional use for the rural populations surrounding the areas. The use and marketing of the natural resources within the communal reserve is conducted by the same rural populations.^[12]

Reserve	Date	Area (ha)
Yanesha	19880428 28 April 1988	<	-- El Sira -->
El Sira	20010622 22 June 2001	<	-- Amarakaeri -->
Amarakaeri	20020509 9 May 2002	<	-- Asháninka -->
Asháninka	20030114 14 January 2003	<	-- Machiguenga -->
Machiguenga	20030114 14 January 2003	<	-- Purús -->
Purús	2004112020 November 2004	<	-- Tuntanain -->
Tuntanain	2007081010 August 2007	<	-- Chayu Nain -->
Chayu Nain	20030114 9 December 2009

In the Philippines

In Russia

Autonomous okrugs of Russia
National raions of Russia
Republics of Russia
Territory of Traditional Natural Resource Use

In South Africa

!Ae!Hai Heritage Park
- San Heritage Land
- Mier Heritage Land

In Sri Lanka

In Sudan

Darfur

In Taiwan

Indigenous Areas

In Ukraine

Crimea

In the United States

Conservation of nature

Some lands inhabited for indigenous peoples can be considered as Indigenous and Community Conserved Area.

External links

Notes and References

Book: Torrico, Ismael Guzmán . CIPCA . 978-99954-35-05-9 . Eulogio Núñez . Saneamiento de la tierra en seis regiones de Bolivia 1996-2007 . 2008-01-01 . 36.
Book: Oyarzún, José Aylwin . International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs . 978-956-236-161-3 . Universidad de la Frontera. Programa de Derechos Indígenas . WALIR (Organization) . Derechos humanos y pueblos indígenas: tendencias internacionales y contexto chileno . 2004 . 182.
Book: Torrico, José Antonio Rocha . FUNDACION PIEB . 978-99954-32-25-6 . Carla María Bazoalto Olmos . Luis Fernando Cuéllar Camargo . Autonomías indígenas, construcción de nación y fortalecimiento del Estado: estudios de caso en las regiones Norte de Potosí, guaraní del Isoso y kallawaya . 2008-01-01 . 55.
Inter-American Commission on Human Rights . Bolivia - Situation of the Guarani Indigenous People . 2011-07-17 . at paragraph 200.
Web site: Instituto Nacional de Reforma Agraria . INRA entregó títulos ejecutoriales a tres Tierras Comunitarias de Origen de Potosí . 2011-07-26 . 2011-04-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120328053000/http://www.inra.gob.bo/comunicacion/detalle.jsp?idNoticia=584 . 2012-03-28 . dead .
Web site: Indigenous Peoples and Lands . 19 November 2020 .
Web site: Content page - Web Experience Toolkit .
http://www.corcovadoexpeditions.net/boruca-indian-reservation.htm Boruca Indian Reservation Tour
http://www.costaricaspanishschool.com/index.php/blog/184-guaymi-indian-reservation-in-costa-rica.html Costa Rica Spanish School IECR - Guaymi Indian Reservation in Costa Rica | Costa Rica Spanish School IECR - Costa Rica Spanish School IECR
http://www.vivatravelguides.com/central-america/costa-rica/golfo-dulce-and-the-osa-peninsula/pavones/pavones-activities/horse-treks-and-guayami-indian-reservation/ Horse Treks and Guayami Indian Reservation - Pavones - Top Rated Costa Rica Horseback Ridings
http://www.myfishmaps.com/intl-fishing-maps/Guyana/fishing-Nature_Destination/Reserve/ Guyana Fishing and Outdoor Nature Destination Maps Directory | MyFishMaps.com
Web site: El Sistema Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado - SINANPE. Peru - Ministerio del Ambiente -. 2 May 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20100403002905/http://www.sernanp.gob.pe/sernanp/contenido.jsp?ID=9. 3 April 2010. dead.