National symbols of Croatia explained

The national symbols of Croatia are insignia, icons, or cultural expressions that are emblematic, representative, or otherwise characteristic of the Republic of Croatia, Croatian people, or the Croatian culture. They are being implemented within the country and abroad as a form of representation for the nation's statehood or its unique cultural aspects.

State Insignia

Flag of Croatia[1] The flag of Croatia consists of three horizontal stripes of red, white, and blue, with the coat of arms in the centre. It is commonly known as trobojnica ("tricolour" in Croatian) and has been used in different forms since 1848. It combines the colours of historical flags of the Kingdom of Croatia (red and white), the Kingdom of Slavonia (blue and white), and partially Kingdom of Dalmatia (blue and yellow).
Coat of armsCoat of arms of CroatiaThe coat of arms of Croatia consists of one main shield and five smaller shields which are crowning it. The main coat of arms is a checkerboard (chequy) made up out of 13 red and 12 silver (white) fields. It is commonly known as šahovnica ("chessboard" in Croatian) or grb (literally "coat of arms"). The five smaller shields represent five historical regions of Croatia: Croatia proper, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia.
National anthemNational anthem of Croatia"Lijepa naša domovino" ("Our Beautiful Homeland") is the national anthem of Croatia. Its opening words, "Lijepa naša" ("Our Beautiful"), are widely used as a metonym for the country. The original lyrics were written and published for the first time under the title "Horvatska domovina" ("Croatian homeland") in 1835.

Food and drink

National drinkThe wine (Croatian: vino) has a long history in Croatia as it dates back to the Ancient Greek settlers and their wine production on the Dalmatian islands. Like other old world wine producers, many traditional grape varieties still survive in Croatia. Modern wine-production methods are common in larger wineries and EU-style wine regulations.[29] Some of the best known Croatian wine varieties are teran, graševina, plavac, dingač, and malvazija.
National cuisineCroatian cuisine is known as the cuisine of regions due to its heterogeneity, since every region of Croatia has its own distinct culinary traditions. Continental parts of the country are defined by recipes from the Slavic cuisine as well as the Hungarian, Austrian, and Turkish influences, while the coastal parts are characterised by contancts with the Italian cuisine.[30] Some of the best known Croatian foods and dishes are štrukli, brudet, pašticada, orehnjača, and kulen.

People

National personificationMother Croatia (Croatian: Mati Hrvatska) is the female personification of Croatia. The nation has historically been portrayed as a motherland, and it is often personified through a female figure that evokes the traditional woman's role of a mother and a nurturer.[31] During the Illyrian movement of the 19th century, prominent writers and intellectuals used the figure of Mother Croatia to represent Croatian people in the context of nationhood and opposition to foreign authority.[32]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Croatian Parliament. Obilježja državnosti. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  2. Hercigonja 1984: 34.
  3. Web site: Pleter Cross Description. croatiagifts.com . August 3, 2021.
  4. Web site: Pravilnik Reda hrvatskog pletera. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  5. Web site: GRBOVI I DRESOVI EURA: Kako je šahovnica postala simbol Hrvatske. https://web.archive.org/web/20170723192817/http://www.index.hr/tema/euro-2016/grbovi-i-dresovi-eura-kako-je-%C5%A1ahovnica-postala-simbol-hrvatske-i-%C5%A1to-crkva-ima-s-tim-899188. 23 July 2017. dead.
  6. Web site: Designs of Croatian national sides of euro and cent coins presented. 4 February 2022 . 10 October 2023.
  7. Web site: Necktie evolution. Tie-a-Tie.net. 5 April 2024.
  8. http://academia-cravatica.hr/news/detaljnije/18th_october_the_cravat_day/18TH OCTOBER – THE CRAVAT DAY!
  9. Web site: UNESCO - Lacemaking in Croatia.
  10. Web site: English . M. . Croatian gingerbread is UNESCO cultural treasure . The Times Herald . 5 April 2024. 28 July 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210728035405/https://www.timesherald.com/lifestyle/croatian-gingerbread-is-unesco-cultural-treasure/article_55176c75-1177-5cea-a400-b691f5bd3eb6.html . dead .
  11. http://www.hrvatskifolklor.com/php/narodnanosnja.php Hrvatski foklor: Narodne nošnje
  12. Book: Marković, Ivan. https://books.google.com/books?id=2_1CAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Giornale+del+blocco+ed+assedio+della+fortezza+di+Sign%22&pg=PA34. Sinj i njegovo slavlje god. 1887 spomen knjiga sa 11 slika. Dionička tiskara u Zagrebu. 1898. hr. Giornale del blocco ed assedio della fortezza di Sign.
  13. Web site: UNESCO - Sinjska Alka, a knights' tournament in Sinj. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20201208020216/https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/sinjska-alka-a-knights-tournament-in-sinj-00357#video. 2020-12-08. 2021-02-15. en.
  14. Web site: The Tamburitza and the preservation of Croatian folk music. Croatianhistory.net. 20 April 2021.
  15. Web site: History of Varaždin. 5 April 2024.
  16. Web site: 5 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  17. Kristina Džin 2009: 7.
  18. Web site: 10 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  19. News: Obnovljeni dvorac Eltz vraća stare vizure Vukovara. Glas Slavonije. hr. 29 October 2011. 5 April 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20120406035813/http://www.glas-slavonije.hr/vijest.asp?rub=4&ID_VIJESTI=150379. 6 April 2012.
  20. Web site: 20 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  21. Web site: Old City of Dubrovnik. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. 5 April 2024.
  22. Web site: 50 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  23. Web site: 100 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  24. Web site: 200 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  25. Fik Meijer (2004) Emperors Don't Die in Bed p. 114.
  26. Web site: 500 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  27. Narodne novine. Izvod iz registra kulturnih dobara Republike Hrvatske br. 01/10 - Lista preventivno zaštićenih dobara. hr. Excerpt from the register of cultural goods of the Republic of Croatia No. 01/10, List of preventively protected goods. Ministry of Culture (Croatia). Register of Cultural Goods of Croatia.
  28. Web site: 1000 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  29. Web site: Zakon o vinu . Wine Act. 10 June 2003 . Narodne novine. hr . 5 April 2024.
  30. Web site: Origin . Absolute Croatia . 5 April 2024.
  31. Book: Julie Mostov . Mostov . Julie . Iveković . Rada . From Gender to Nation . 2004 . Zubaan . Italy . 9788186706688 . 65–79.
  32. Krešić . Mijo . Varaždin . Naše Gore List . 5 December 1962 . II . 34 . 269 . 5 April 2024.
  33. Book: Bousfield, Jonathan. Croatia. Rough Guides. 2003. 1843530848. 72. 5 April 2024.
  34. Web site: Požeško-slavonska županija. O županiji. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  35. Web site: Virovitičko-podravska županija. Heraldika. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  36. Web site: Osječko-baranjska županija. Znamenja. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  37. Web site: Eurokovanice. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  38. Web site: Popis poljoprivrede 2020. 2020. Ministarstvo poljoprivrede. hr. 2023-02-18.
  39. Web site: 2 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  40. British Library Sound Archive. British wildlife recordings: Nightingale, accessed 29 May 2013
  41. Maxwell, Catherine. "The Female Sublime from Milton to Swinburne: Bearing Blindness", Manchester University Press, 2001, pp. 26–29
  42. Web site: 1 kuna. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  43. Pravilnik o skupljanju samoniklih biljaka u svrhu prerade, trgovine i drugog prometa. hr. Narodne novine. 4/100. 2004-07-20. Ministry of Culture (Croatia). 5 April 2024. Ministry of Culture (Croatia).
  44. James Minahan
  45. Web site: Ecological and climate changes and regeneration related issues of pedunculate oak forests in Spačva basin. Vuletić. Dijana. Croatian Forest Research Institute. 5 April 2024.
  46. Web site: 5 lipa. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  47. Web site: Ancient Olive Tree . . 27 May 2016 . 25 May 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160525052323/http://www.np-brijuni.hr/en/natural_heritage/flora/ancient_olive_tree . live .
  48. Web site: 20 lipa. Croatian. 5 April 2024.
  49. Milivoje Urošević; (2018) Basic morphometric parameters of the Dalmatian dog (Canis dalmaticus) p. 187; https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=325406
  50. Web site: 2023-05-24 . Dalmatian Characteristics, Temperament, & Facts Britannica . 2023-06-24 . www.britannica.com . en.

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