| National Geographic Institute | |
| Native Name: | Instituto Geográfico Nacional |
| Native Name Lang: | es |
| Abbreviation: | IGN |
| Headquarters: | Lima |
| Region Served: | Peru |
The National Geographic Institute is the national mapping agency of Peru. It is a decentralized public organization attached to the Ministry of Defence,[1] in charge of the elaboration of the official maps of the country and to support activities related to its development and defense.[2] [3] Its headquarters are located in Surquillo, Lima.[2]
On February 13, 1901, when the General Staff of the Army (EMGE) was reorganized and a fourth entity dedicated to topography and cartography was included. On March 6, 1906, President José Pardo y Barreda approved the topographic service under the EMGE.[4]
On April 14, 1913, the Army Geographic Service (Spanish; Castilian: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, SGE)[4] was created as a dependency of the EMGE and with a supreme decree of May 14, 1913, the geographical map of Peru was prepared, a mission that until then was fulfilled by the .
With a supreme decree of May 10, 1921, President Augusto B. Leguía entrusted the direction of the SGE to French Colonel Georges Thomas, who established the bases for a "National Charter."
In 1938, a Map of Peru was published jointly with the Geographical Society of Lima, at a scale of 1:1,500,000, which was approved by President Oscar R. Benavides and contained the international borders, as well as the interior demarcation (supreme resolutions of November 12, 1934, and January 8, 1935). In 1944 the name of the SGE was changed to the Military Geographic Institute (Spanish; Castilian: Instituto Geográfico Militar, IGM).[4]
By Supreme Decree of October 10, 1957, the Military Geographic Institute (IGM) is authorized to carry out aerial photogrammetry work for the survey of the National Chart.
Through Legislative Decree No. 30 of 1980, the IGM was renamed the National Geographic Institute (IGN),[4] [3] directly dependent on the Ministry of War and with the mission of preparing and updating the National Charter and providing cartographic support to the Army and other Institutes of the Armed Forces and the entities that require it for defense and development purposes.
By Law No. 24654 of March 31, 1987 and Legislative Decree No. 434 of September 27, 1987, the IGN was established as a Decentralized Public Organization of the defense sector.
On June 13, 2000, Law 27292 of the IGN was promulgated,[2] including its organization and functions, technical directions; (Geography, GIS, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, Cartography, Reproduction; Cartographic School; Regional Directorates). Among the complementary Transitional and Final Provisions, there appears, as in previous legal regulations, the “Obligation of public and private entities to provide information of a geographic cartographic nature, to keep the Cartographic Database updated.”[4]