National Front (UK) election results explained

See National Front for details of the far-right party.The National Front's election results in parliamentary elections are shown below.

United Kingdom elections

Summary of general election performance

Year Number of
candidates 		Total
votes 		Average votes
per candidate 		% of vote Saved
deposits 		Change
(% points) 		Number
of MPs 		Rank
197010 11,449 1,145 0.04 0 N/A 0 14/25
Feb 197454 76,865 1,423 0.2 0 +0.16 0 9/39
Oct 197490 113,843 1,265 0.4 0 +0.2 0 8/33
1979303 191,719 633 0.6 0 +0.2 0 6/42
198360 27,065 451 0.1 0 −0.5 0 13/29
19871 286 286 0.0 0 −0.1 0
199214 4,816 344 0.1 0 0.0 0 20/27
19976 2,716 452 0.0 0 −0.1 0 28/35
20015 2,484 497 0.0 0 0.0 0 26/34
200513 8,029 617 0.0 0 0.0 0 21/42
201017 10,784 634 0.0 0 0.0 0 19/38
20157 1,114 159 0.0 0 0.0 0 32/50

By-elections, 1967–70

----

General election, 18 June 1970

Constituency Candidate Votes %
T Lamb 716 3.3
G Parsons 982 1.9
M Vaux 1,277 5.5
K Taylor 1,175 3.1
R Scott 1,427 3.5
M Skeggs 190 0.5
Revd. B Green 1,232 5.6
J Kyneston 749 2.3
J Shaw 1,572 4.4
S Wright 1,582 4.7
[2] ----

By-elections, 1970–74

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
Malcolm Skeggs 401 2.4[3]
Kenneth Taylor 1,176 4.4
John Clifton 2,920 8.2[4]
4,789 16.0[5]
Sqn Ldr John Harrison-Broadley 1,409 3.1[6]
----

General elections, 28 February and 10 October 1974

Constituency Candidate in Feb Votes % Candidate in Oct Votes %
D Riley 1176 2.9
A Greenslade 1148 1.8 A Greenslade 1120 1.9
C Bond 1661 4.9
G Goodall 763 1.1
R Friend 1260 4.5
J Clifton 787 2.3
G Davey 1485 4.1 G Davey 1488 4.8
W Castleton 2172 7.6
T Finnegan 1145 2.4 T Finnegan 1413 3.3
J Finnegan 830 2.8
J Davis 751 2.9
A Shorthouse 853 2.1 R Warren 826 2.1
H Challender 1034 2.4
1778 4.2 1758 4.4
G Booth 1259 2.6 G Booth 1106 2.4
W Roberts 1070 2.7
M Hayes 875 2.0 M Hayes 828 2.6
N Lyons 1096 2.9
A Smith 1570 2.7 Mrs J Cattanach 1297 2.5
Sqn Ldr J Harrison-Broadley 1852 4.3 Sqn Ldr John Harrison-Broadley 1388 3.7
T Benford 1741 3.1 T Benford 1362 2.6
F Day 987 1.9
P Garnaway 1006 2.2 P Garnaway 798 1.9
R Bale 757 1.3 R Bale 775 1.5
K McKilliam 831 1.2 K McKilliam 1096 1.8
R Cole 1207 2.9
D Baxter 686 2.5
P Holland 1049 2.7
R Rickard 822 1.5
R Aldous 945 2.0 R Aldous 939 2.2
1731 4.5
C Knott 1171 2.8
J Bruce 1765 3.8 J Bruce 1895 4.6
K Robinson 1372 2.6 R Burton 1330 2.8
A Coniam 1541 3.0 A Coniam 1241 2.7
R Doughty 617 1.4
Mrs J Reid 1653 4.4 Mrs J Reid 1984 3.7
Mrs J Godfrey 993 2.6
A Smithies 966 2.1 J Cordrey 855 2.1
S Campbell 922 2.0
M Brooks 86 0.3
J Turner 1726 2.4 J Turner 1304 1.9
H Lord 1226 3.7 H Lord 1044 3.7
R May 2544 9.4
1186 2.3 1030 2.3
J Donin 823 2.3 C Byrne 813 2.5
J Fairhurst 2721 6.5 J Fairhurst 1189 3.1
K Taylor 1234 2.0
Mrs J Stubbs 973 2.7
A Brewer 1101 1.6
442 0.8
N Mear 796 1.9 J Robertshaw 764 1.9
D Ford 760 1.9
R Score 1335 5.3
J Score 871 3.3
G Wright 959 2.0
K Sanders 3662 7.4 2967 6.0
J Kynaston 1639 3.0 A Cartwright 2072 3.5
W Newcombe 2579 5.3 W Newcombe 2253 5.1
P Williams 1000 2.0 P Williams 1114 2.5
Mrs S Bothwell 2097 4.5 Mrs S Bothwell 2168 4.3
C Gibbon 647 1.7
K Sanders 1215 2.2
H Andrew 914 2.4
J Hulse 541 1.7
J Newham 2715 7.0
M Lobb 2511 6.9 E Bayley 2412 7.8
Mrs G Goold 544 1.5
D Caine 972 1.5
572 1.0
E Harrison 663 1.7
C Parker 786 2.0 I Stevens 574 1.6
I Baker 594 1.3
E Russell 570 1.3 E Russell 1000 2.5
M Sellors 1885 3.7 M Sellors 1927 4.1
G Hazleden 1150 2.0
P Revell 723 1.5
B Pell 1192 2.2 B Pell 1225 2.6
W Owen 1958 3.8 W Owen 711 1.5
E Butterfield 1399 2.4 J Clifton 1108 2.3
T Lamb 937 2.3 T Lamb 817 2.3
K Munson 708 2.1
1270 4.1 2211 8.3
J Fishwick 787 1.5
C Parker 1226 2.8
R Adde 1911 5.5
J Wotherspoon 651 1.4 J Wotherspoon 671 1.5
2907 7.0 G Bowen 1692 4.3
G Bowen 3107 7.8 R Churms 2022 5.5
R Vaughan-Smith 921 1.9
A Webber 2548 5.2 A Webber 1928 4.2
J Parker 1546 3.9 G Oland 1703 4.7
G Cooper 1523 3.0 G Cooper 1573 3.3
K Squire 2603 8.0
P Hanman 1066 2.8 M Skeggs 1000 3.0
D Howard-Smith 2049 3.5
[7] [8]

----

By-elections, 1974–79

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
Michael Lobb 1713 11.5[9]
Mrs. Ruth Robinson 856 2.4[10]
986 3.1
Terry Denville-Faulkner 1851 4.6
George Wright 1699 6.0
John Roberts 3255 6.6
Bruce Anderson-Lynes 181 1.1
Joseph Parker 2724 7.3
Jeremy Wotherspoon 700 2.2
Paul Kavanagh 1051 5.2[11]
2995 8.2
George Herrod 1734 3.8
888 5.7
Kenneth McKilliam 725 3.0
John Hughes 2126 4.7[12]
Mrs. Helena Steven 1291 6.2
James Sawyer 823 1.9
Mrs Sylvia Jones 2040 4.1
Herbert Andrew 623 2.3
----

General election, 3 May 1979

ConstituencyCandidateVotes%
D Riley 508 1.3
C Wakley 501 1.2
W Annable 397 0.6
K McKilliam 678 1.4
D Jones 486 1.1
I Cherry 504 0.9
I Newport 1,021 3.0
E Kerton 312 0.5
G Sawyer 880 1.1
B Packer 677 0.9
T Mundy 206 0.4
M Salt 772 2.7
A Perry 561 1.8
J Noyes 548 1.1
N Dickson 606 1.4
R Stearns 813 1.3
L Smith 626 1.1
J Grand-Scrutton 460 0.8
J Sneath 1175 3.9
1740 6.1
A Wilkens 749 1.8
F Hastilow 687 1.6
R Maylin 615 1.2
R Newman 614 1.1
K Axon 582 1.5
G Bassett 401 0.8
M Caffery 490 1.7
F Russell 698 1.6
H Challendar 749 1.8
P Gegan 2056 3.6
E Adamson 565 1.5
A Hanson 943 2.2
A Machin 524 1.2
M Carter 235 0.5
J Hamilton 457 1.0
K Bernal 348 0.9
D Dunn 682 0.9
G Hubbard 438 1.0
614 1.3
G Wright 422 0.8
G Brown 633 1.4
J Davies 706 1.9
G John 873 1.6
A Downes 811 2.0
P Attridge 738 1.3
404 0.9
H Jones 436 1.1
K Brown 320 0.8
P Kingston 254 0.5
K Elliot 392 0.9
K Dowler 523 1.0
M Jones 246 0.6
B Deakin 752 0.9
M Smith 803 1.0
J Bridge 414 0.6
311 0.6
Mrs J White 941 1.4
C Gibbon 1287 4.1
M Watts 606 1.0
C Grice 149 0.3
T Denville-Faulkner 919 1.8
A Reeve 342 1.0
R Jacklin 342 0.7
M Gillibrand 819 1.6
S Clinch 697 1.3
D South 1157 2.6
R Cole 865 2.0
R Hoy 564 1.3
M Dean 379 0.6
S K Matthews 478 1.7
R Bridgwater 224 0.5
H Robbins 546 1.2
A Stewart 359 0.9
R Clarke 513 1.4
M Williamson 482 0.9
W Tonks 352 0.8
P Moss 464 1.1
R Dummer 469 1.0
J Roberts 1553 3.3
H Outhwaite 444 0.9
I Nobbs 476 1.0
G Younger 522 0.7
R Mitchell 1490 4.2
C Bayliss 592 0.9
L Verity 587 1.1
C Neil 498 1.1
J Price 237 0.4
R Bearsford-Walker 393 0.8
M Day 300 0.7
J Tillotson 514 1.2
P Johnson 378 0.6
A Baker 844 2.0
D Thompson 920 2.1
J Shaw 1047 1.8
C Mitchell 533 0.9
D Bruce 1213 2.8
J Wotherspoon 816 1.6
B Wilkins 1110 2.2
O Hawke 838 1.8
D Jones 943 1.9
M Swingler 280 0.5
D Vine 252 0.5
A Webb 439 0.7
J Reid 898 1.5
W Verity 534 1.3
M Lavine 478 1.0
D Roberts 499 0.8
K Warburton 481 0.8
M Roberts 941 1.3
H Beadle 186 0.9
S Campbell 528 1.1
I Skinner 104 0.2
R Morgan 527 1.0
G Storkey 270 0.5
G Willden 603 0.8
640 1.2
H Steven 951 2.6
J Hayes 137 0.3
R May 1418 5.1
S May 860 3.0
1958 7.6
S Goodwin 921 1.4
B Wadsworth 455 0.9
R Pearse 462 1.3
J White 255 0.6
A Ashby 1002 1.8
J Childs 840 1.6
D Waite 585 1.4
H Marshall 427 1.3
L le Croisette 572 1.5
T Bennett 646 1.4
A Pearson 597 0.9
H Anderson 344 0.8
G Callow 582 1.4
T Walters 649 0.8
B Franklyn 638 1.0
A Elder 290 0.8
J Pell 581 0.8
J Smith 1819 2.4
S Fenn 605 1.2
P Graves 839 1.4
R Marsh 641 1.0
V Logan 881 1.4
F Theobald 334 1.4
M Hook 319 0.8
A Harris 994 2.1
P Pell 337 0.8
A Murch 493 0.6
F Sheridan 508 1.0
K Robinson 983 1.4
J Hughes 804 1.6
T Fitzgerald 636 1.5
P Robinson 449 0.6
S Chaney 797 1.2
S Hook 501 2.1
P Kavanagh 824 3.4
R Fairey 234 0.5
C Hopewell 356 1.1
A Luckman 1052 1.7
A Braithwaite 422 1.0
D Matson 374 0.6
M Fox 411 1.2
R Bale 258 0.5
V Lillington 830 3.0
D White 196 0.5
S Rigby 445 0.9
B Spink 416 1.2
P Flint 168 0.6
J Duckenfield 466 1.1
B Calver 1385 2.7
A Cartwright 940 1.8
P Ash 1308 2.7
B Webb 764 1.3
M Ellis 1168 2.3
P Williams 901 2.0
P Pomery-Rudd 1179 2.9
P Wallace 475 0.6
J Noble 107 0.3
H Hawksley 152 0.6
W Williams 198 0.7
W Haire 254 0.7
John Peacock 484 0.8
C Stokes 261 0.5
R Adshead 354 0.9
M Kerry 461 1.1
D How 701 1.5
D Whiting 703 1.0
N Wallace 326 0.8
P Benthall 365 1.8
R Chadfield 469 1.1
A Coles 296 1.1
P Donovan 259 0.5
A Parkes 1032 1.4
S Andrews 350 0.6
J Perryman 966 2.0
J Green 814 1.6
W Northcott 1769 4.2
M Maloney 1217 4.1
T Anderson 1899 6.2
G Woodward 454 0.8
A Fishwick 641 0.8
A Sizeland 548 0.7
R Rickord 373 1.0
M James 407 1.1
L Goold 250 0.7
264 0.7
C Williams 707 2.1
M Coles 426 1.4
R Pratt 454 0.9
T Wilkinson 718 1.3
R Matthews 1028 1.6
G Halliwell 515 1.5
F Hitches 516 0.9
J Cameron 402 1.1
M Roberts 1503 4.4
J Wilhelmy 672 1.2
L Bearsford-Walker 243 0.7
C Bradbury 279 0.7
R Davies 263 1.5
R Hadlow 298 0.6
W Donkin 457 0.9
J Hetherington 329 0.8
M Gibson 258 0.7
J Webster 685 1.4
S Greene 478 1.3
P Baker 554 1.1
P Murphy 244 0.6
J Merrick 690 1.4
J King 417 0.7
M Caine 820 1.9
K Davies 490 1.1
A Gresham 551 1.1
A Martin 477 1.1
T Duesbury 552 1.0
R Bailey 342 0.6
C Elrick 239 1.0
S Andrews 360 1.3
M Easter 821 1.3
J Mason 457 1.0
K Brack 354 0.9
G Smith 300 0.5
P Thorpe 274 0.6
S Williams 326 0.9
I Pierson 302 0.7
J Benjafield 406 0.7
A Webb 774 2.0
D Stevenson 978 1.5
J Fairhurst 1545 3.0
P Twomey 676 1.7
L McKeon 680 1.3
R Pert 895 1.7
J Sawyer 518 1.0
J Thomas 912 1.7
V Clarke 1571 5.0
K Walker 244 0.6
R Murphy 374 1.0
A Bruce 384 0.6
C Baugh 341 0.8
G Bryant 523 1.4
D Smith 452 1.0
R Heath 796 1.4
J Hunt 465 0.9
R Wallace 466 0.9
B Dobing 376 1.1
M Evans 251 0.5
E Burdett 1358 2.0
G Burnett 429 0.8
P Berbridge 682 0.7
J Spry 647 1.0
C Mates 833 2.9
N Hedger 182 0.3
W Standen 509 1.0
M Braithwaite 686 1.2
W Neary 965 1.8
P Budgen 595 1.3
V Atkinson 879 3.5
A Cooper 530 1.0
J Fishwick 491 0.9
I Hunter 472 0.7
1098 2.1
V Parker 795 1.8
G Flaxton 1119 3.2
C Bond 957 2.3
J Worrall 1204 3.1
B Cheetham 388 0.9
S Wright 529 0.7
P Ruddock 459 0.8
C Allsopp 1175 2.9
R Churms 1351 3.4
A Bailey 612 1.2
P Crowley 930 1.4
P Gleave 564 1.0
G Sanders 722 1.1
G Cooper 1283 2.7
G Jones 1139 3.1
J Lees 912 1.8
R Frost 998 2.9
I Steven 884 2.4
M Skeggs 630 1.4
K Stevens 450 0.8
A Hough 893 1.6
S Jones 833 1.3
P Spink 221 0.4
[13] ----

By-elections, 1980–83

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
John MacKenzie 148 1.8[14]
429 1.2[15]
547 1.0[16]
411 0.9[17]
874 3.9[18]
James Sneath 426 1.4[19]
----

General election, 9 June 1983

Constituency Candidate Votes %
I Newport 646 1.9
M Salt 539 1.2
V Clark 800 2.6
N Tomkinson 529 1.3
R Jones 415 1.0
P Gegan 568 1.0
D Riley 864 1.5
A Hanson 514 1.3
W Smith 263 0.7
Mrs S Bartlett 596 1.9
P Andrews 427 0.8
290 0.7
E Andrews 434 0.7
B Cheetham 380 0.9
A Reeve 258 0.7
336 0.9
645 1.6
G Nye 282 0.5
R Barker 338 0.9
E Pendrous 555 1.1
S Glass 696 1.3
R Pearse 229 0.6
P Johnson 420 0.8
J Field 396 1.1
R Ashton 593 1.5
Mrs L Bennett 250 0.8
P Vessey 163 0.3
Mrs A Joyce 402 0.9
J Donegan 341 0.9
475 1.1
M Erickson-Rohrer 212 0.5
A Coles 729 1.7
C Collins 460 0.9
J Perryman 539 1.2
F Adams 794 2.1
M Hipperson 525 1.9
993 3.7
P Williams 145 0.3
Mrs C Williams 343 0.9
Mrs M Bailey 800 2.5
R Bearsford-Walker 72 0.2
G Knight 297 0.6
M Connolly 290 0.6
P Barker 436 1.0
Mrs M Caine 432 1.1
G Burnett 416 0.8
P Spink 286 0.7
G John 528 1.0
J Sneath 474 1.4
B Nylan 294 0.6
K Handy 321 0.8
P Berbridge 355 0.8
D Smith 236 0.4
T Denville-Faulkner 234 0.5
G Nobes-Pride 566 1.2
J Wright 508 1.3
P Mitchell 443 1.3
H Marshall 456 1.2
G Gillmore 511 0.9
C Baugh 585 1.3
292 0.5
[20] ----

By-elections, 1984–87

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
G A Knight 226 0.6[21]
103 0.3[22]
----

General election, 11 June 1987

In the late 1980s, the NF split into the Flag Group and the Official National Front. The latter stood no candidates whereas the former only stood one in Bristol East as an 'Independent NF'.

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By-elections, 1987–92

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
286 0.6[23]
83 0.3
Patrick Harrington (as "Independent National Front") 127 0.4%
C J G Hill 311 0.5
J McAuley 154 0.3[24]
R I Tenney 305 0.8
----

General election, 9 April 1992

Constituency Candidate Votes %
E Whicker 370 0.9
P Read 192 0.4
270 0.5
N Tomkinson 173 0.5
P Hart 245 0.4
G Cartwright 675 1.2
C J G Hill 277 0.6
R I Tenney 132 0.3
A Carmichael 290 0.5
T Blackham 168 0.4
R Jones 268 0.5
K Reynolds 614 1.2
J Lord 477 1.1
J McAuley 665 1.0
[25] ----

By-elections, 1992–97

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
G Needs 551 2.9[26]
A Carmichael 561 1.4
----

General election, 1 May 1997

Constituency Candidate Votes %
J McAuley 388 0.7
M Stoneman 369 0.7
G Cartwright 559 1.2
G Hutchins 504 1.2
R Croucher 431 1.2
A Humphries 465 1.1
[27] ----

By-elections, 1997–2001

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
John McAuley 110 0.3[28]
J McAuley 267 0.8[29]
----

General election, 7 June 2001

Constituency Candidate Votes %
M Shore 681 2.2
Miss L Shore 612 1.7
395 0.9
B Franklin 242 0.6
J Barry 554 2.0
[30] ----

By-elections, 2001–2005

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
James Starkey 805 3.9[31]
James Starkey 246 0.8[32]
----

General election, 5 May 2005

Constituency Candidate Votes %
J Starkey 918 1.6
M Stoneman 523 1.1
T Williams 416 1.3
G Kemp 975 2.6
191 0.5
B Franklin 625 2.0
R Kemp 421 1.4
R Wood 997 2.6
T Blackham 931 2.3
I Edward 841 2.1
M Farrell 253 0.6
P Winnett 704 1.9
P Shaw 284 0.8
[33] ----

By-elections, 2005–2010

Date of election Constituency Candidate Votes %
Paul Winnett 476 1.6[34]
Tess Culnane 544 2.3[35]
----

General election, 6 May 2010

Although the NF had planned to stand 25 candidates, in the event it fielded only 17.[36] The NF did not compete in Northern Ireland and instead encouraged supporters there to support the Traditional Unionist Voice.[37]

Constituency Candidate Votes %
Terry Williams 229 0.6
Paul Morris 349 0.9
Gerry Robinson 222 0.5
Kevin Inman 173 0.4
Graham Kemp 542 1.2
Andrewy Cripps 566 1.3
Steven Smith 135 0.3
Joe Uttley 880 2.6
Gary Butler 643 1.3
Milton Ellis 384 1.1
Chris Jackson 2,236 4.9
1,062 2.3
Ian Edward 899 1.8
Mike Easter 505 1.0
Bob Batten 599 1.3
Frank Mcallister 271 0.6
Michael Davidson 1,089 2.3
[38]

General election, 7 May 2015

Constituency Candidate Votes %
Christopher Willett 186 0.4[40]
Adam Lloyd 66 0.2[41]
49 0.1[42]
Mike Cooper 86 0.2[43]
Neil McIvor 103 0.2[44]
Robert Batten191 0.4[45]
433 1.0[46]

----

By-elections, 2015–2017

Scottish Parliament

In UK parliamentary elections, the NF has only ever contested 3 Scottish constituencies: Glasgow Govan (October 1974), Glasgow Pollok (1979) and the 1980 Glasgow Central by-election.

The NF stood for the first time ever in the 2011 Scottish Parliamentary elections by fielding 6 candidates - 1 for the North East region and 5 (3 of whom stood for the North East region too) for the constituencies. It failed to save any deposits or win any seats and achieved between 0.8% and 1.6% of the vote in the constituencies it contested (0.08% of the nationwide vote).

Scottish Parliament election, 5 May 2011

Source: BBC News[48]

Constituency Candidate Votes %
Mike Phillips 201 0.8
Christopher Sean Willett 213 0.8
Ross Alexander Willett 214 0.7
Neil McIvor 329 1.1
Mike Coyle 558 1.6

Scottish Parliament election, 5 May 2016

Source: BBC News[50]

London Assembly

London Assembly election, 1 May 2008

Source: BBC News[51]

Constituency Candidate Votes %
Paul Winnett 11,288 5.6
Graham Kemp 2,350 1.3
Ian Edward 7,939 4.5
Tess Culnane 8,509 5.8
Andrew Cripps 4,754 2.5

London Assembly election, 3 May 2012

Source: BBC News[52]

Constituency Candidate Votes %
Ian Edward 2,035 1.2
Tess Culnane 1,816 1.4
1,936 1.4

European Parliament elections

The National Front stood in the 1989 and 1994 European elections but has not stood in European elections since as it feels that standing in them is endorsing them.[53]

Constituency Candidate Votes %
1,471 0.8[54]
Total 1,471 0.0
Constituency Candidate Votes %
Andrew Carmichael 3,727 2.6
John McAuley 1,755 0.8
Ken Lowne 2,926 1.7[55]
William Binding 1,963 1.1
R P Jones 2,098 1.1[56]
Total 12,469 0.1

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 1968 By Elections . https://web.archive.org/web/20091024124449/http://geocities.com/by_elections/68.html . 24 October 2009 . 4 August 2016.
  2. The Times, 20 June 1970
  3. Martin Walker: The National Front p100
  4. Daily Telegraph, 9 Dec 1972
  5. Martin Walker: The National Front p142
  6. Martin Walker: The National Front p144
  7. (For the Feb 1974 election, The Guardian, 2 March 1974)
  8. (For the Oct 1974 election, The Guardian, 12 October 1974)
  9. Web site: 1974 By Elections . https://web.archive.org/web/20091025063223/http://geocities.com/by_elections/74.html . 25 October 2009 . 4 August 2016.
  10. Web site: 1975-76 By Elections . https://web.archive.org/web/20091021084035/http://geocities.com/by_elections/76.html . 2009-10-21 . 4 August 2016.
  11. Web site: 1977 By Elections . https://web.archive.org/web/20091025101514/http://geocities.com/by_elections/77.html . 25 October 2009 . 4 August 2016.
  12. Web site: 1978 By Elections . https://web.archive.org/web/20091022145831/http://geocities.com/by_elections/78.html . 22 October 2009 . 4 August 2016.
  13. The Guardian, 5 May 1979
  14. Web site: WebCite query result. https://web.archive.org/web/20090831055342/http://geocities.com/by_elections/glasgow80.html. dead. 2009-08-31. www.webcitation.org.
  15. Web site: WebCite query result. https://web.archive.org/web/20090831055341/http://geocities.com/by_elections/croydon81.html. dead. 2009-08-31. www.webcitation.org.
  16. Web site: WebCite query result. https://web.archive.org/web/20090831055342/http://geocities.com/by_elections/merton82.html. dead. 2009-08-31. www.webcitation.org.
  17. Web site: WebCite query result. https://web.archive.org/web/20090831055342/http://geocities.com/by_elections/birmingham82.html. dead. 2009-08-31. www.webcitation.org.
  18. Web site: WebCite query result. https://web.archive.org/web/20090831055342/http://geocities.com/by_elections/peckham82.html. dead. 2009-08-31. www.webcitation.org.
  19. Web site: WebCite query result. https://web.archive.org/web/20050902181812/http://www.geocities.com/by_elections/bermondsey83.html. dead. 2005-09-02. www.webcitation.org.
  20. The Guardian, 11 June 1983
  21. Web site: United Kingdom Parliamentary Election results 1983-97: English Boroughs part 2 . Election.demon.co.uk . 4 August 2016.
  22. Web site: United Kingdom Parliamentary Election results 1983-97: London Boroughs . Election.demon.co.uk . 4 August 2016.
  23. Web site: British Parliamentary Election results 1983-97: English Counties . Election.demon.co.uk . 4 August 2016.
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