The National Construction Safety Team Act (H.R. 4687), signed into law October 1, 2002, authorizes the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to establish investigative teams to assess building performance and emergency response and evacuation procedures in the wake of any building failure that has resulted in substantial loss of life or that posed significant potential of substantial loss of life.[1]
It provides the NIST with the responsibilities and authorities modeled on those of the National Transportation Safety Board, except for the investigation of building failures instead of transportation accidents. The act gives the NIST the responsibility to dispatch teams of experts, where appropriate and practical, within 48 hours after major building disasters and specifically states that at least one member of each team must be a NIST employee.
The act gives the teams a clear mandate to:
And the investigative authority needed to:
However, the NIST is not a regulatory body and cannot require the adoption of building codes, standards or practices by state and local governments. Its investigations may not consider findings of fault, responsibility, or negligence and "No part of any report resulting from such investigation, or from an investigation under the National Construction Safety Team Act, shall be admitted as evidence or used in any suit or action for damages arising out of any matter mentioned in such report."[2] To date, the NCST has chosen not to exercise its subpoena authority.
Reports commissioned under the act include, in numerical order:
In addition, investigations on Hurricane Maria (2017) and on Champlain Towers South Collapse (2021) are ongoing.