National Book Award for Fiction explained

National Book Award for Fiction
Awarded For:	Outstanding literary work by U.S. citizens.
Presenter:	National Book Foundation
Country:	United States
Location:	New York City
Year:	1935
Website:	Official website

The National Book Award for Fiction is one of five annual National Book Awards, which recognize outstanding literary work by United States citizens. Since 1987, the awards have been administered and presented by the National Book Foundation, but they are awards "by writers to writers."^[1] The panelists are five "writers who are known to be doing great work in their genre or field."^[2]

General fiction was one of four categories when the awards were re-established in 1950. For several years beginning 1980, prior to the Foundation, there were multiple fiction categories: hardcover, paperback, first novel or first work of fiction; from 1981 to 1983 hardcover and paperback children's fiction; and only in 1980 five awards to mystery fiction, science fiction, and western fiction.^[3] When the Foundation celebrated the 60th postwar awards in 2009, all but three of the 77 previous winners in fiction categories were in print.^[4] The 77 included all eight 1980 winners but excluded the 1981 to 1983 children's fiction winners.^[5]

The award recognizes one book written by a U.S. citizen and published in the U.S. from December 1 to November 30. The National Book Foundation accepts nominations from publishers until June 15, requires mailing nominated books to the panelists by August 1, and announces five finalists in October. The winner is announced on the day of the final ceremony in November. The award is $10,000 and a bronze sculpture; other finalists get $1,000, a medal, and a citation written by the panel.^[6]

Authors who have won the award more than once include William Faulkner, John Updike, William Gaddis, Jesmyn Ward, and Philip Roth, each having won on two occasions along with numerous other nominations. Saul Bellow won the award in three decades (1954, 1965, 1971) and is the only author to have won the National Book Award for Fiction three times.

National Book Awards for Fiction

From 1935 to 1941, there were six annual awards for general fiction and the "Bookseller Discovery" or "Most Original Book" was sometimes a novel. From 1980 to 1985, there were six annual awards to first novels or first works of fiction. In 1980 there were five awards for mystery, western, or science fiction. There have been many awards to fiction in the Children's or Young People's categories.^[3]

Honorees, general fiction

This list covers only the post-war awards (pre-war awards follow) to general fiction for adult readers: one annual winner from 1950 except two undifferentiated winners 1973 to 1975, dual hardcover and paperback winners 1980 to 1983.

For each award, the winner is listed first followed by the finalists. Unless otherwise noted, the year represents the year the award was given for books published in the prior year. Thus, the award year 1950 is for books published in 1949.

1950s

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
1950			Winner	^[7]
	No runners up were recognized. There were five honorable mentions in the non-fiction category only.			^[8] ^[9]
1951		Collected Stories of William Faulkner	Winner	^[10]
	No runners up were recognized.			^[11]
1952		From Here to Eternity	Winner	^[12]
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Requiem for a Nun	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Melville Goodwin USA	Finalist
			Finalist
		Lie Down in Darkness	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
1953		Invisible Man	Winner	^[13]
		Many Mansions	Finalist
		Winds of Morning	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Jefferson Selleck	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		East of Eden	Finalist
			Finalist
1954			Winner	^[14]
	No runners up were recognized.			^[15]
1955			Winner	^[16]
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Pictures from an Institution	Finalist
			Finalist
		Lord Grizzly	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Sweet Thursday	Finalist
1956		Ten North Frederick	Winner	^[17]
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Andersonville	Finalist
			Finalist
		Faithful Are the Wounds	Finalist
		Band of Angels	Finalist
			Finalist
		Marjorie Morningstar	Finalist
1957			Winner	^[18]
			Finalist
		Giovanni's Room	Finalist
		Seize the Day	Finalist
		Greenwillow	Finalist
		These Thousand Hills	Finalist
			Finalist
		Generations of Men	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Further Fables for Our Time	Finalist
1958			Winner	^[19]
			Finalist
		By Love Possessed	Finalist
		Something About a Soldier	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Love Among the Cannibals	Finalist
		Pnin	Finalist
		Atlas Shrugged	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
1959			Winner	^[20]
			Finalist
		Home from the Hill	Finalist
		Lolita	Finalist
		From the Terrace	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Anatomy of a Murder	Finalist

1960s

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
1960		Goodbye, Columbus	Winner	^[21] ^[22]
		Pursuit of the Prodigal	Finalist
			Finalist
		Henderson the Rain King	Finalist
		Mrs. Bridge	Finalist
			Finalist
		Wake Up, Stupid	Finalist
			Finalist
		Men Die	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Malcolm	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
1961			Winner	^[23]
			Finalist
		Generation Without Farewell	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		To Kill a Mockingbird	Finalist
		Ceremony in Lone Tree	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Rabbit, Run	Finalist
			Finalist
1962			Winner	^[24]
		False Entry	Finalist
		Among the Dangs	Finalist
		Catch-22	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Franny and Zooey	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Revolutionary Road	Finalist
1963		Morte d'Urban	Winner	^[25]
		Pale Fire	Finalist
		Ship of Fools	Finalist
			Finalist
		Going Away	Finalist
		Pigeon Feathers and Other Stories	Finalist
1964			Winner	^[26]
		Idiots First	Finalist
			Finalist
		V.	Finalist
			Finalist
1965		Herzog	Winner	^[27]
			Finalist
		Second Skin	Finalist
			Finalist
		To an Early Grave	Finalist
			Finalist
		Short Friday	Finalist
1966			Winner	^[28]
			Finalist
		At Play in the Fields of the Lord	Finalist
			Finalist
		Everything That Rises Must Converge	Finalist
		Pericles on 31st Street	Finalist
1967			Winner
			Finalist
		All in the Family	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Office Politics	Finalist
1968			Winner	^[29]
		Why Are We in Vietnam?	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
1969		Steps	Winner	^[30]
		Lost in the Funhouse	Finalist
			Finalist
		Expensive People	Finalist
			Finalist

1970s

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
1970		them	Winner	^[31]
		Fat City	Finalist
		Going Places	Finalist
			Finalist
		Slaughterhouse-Five	Finalist
1971		Mr. Sammler's Planet	Winner	^[32]
		Deliverance	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Losing Battles	Finalist
1972			Winner	^[33]
		Lion Country	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Farragan's Retreat	Finalist
		Wonderland	Finalist
			Finalist
		Love in the Ruins	Finalist
			Finalist
		Rabbit Redux	Finalist
1973^[34]		Chimera	Winner	^[35] ^[36] ^[37]
		Augustus		^[38]
			Finalist
		Hermaphrodeity	Finalist
		Geronimo Rex	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Transparent Things	Finalist
		Mumbo Jumbo	Finalist
			Finalist
		Enemies, A Love Story	Finalist
			Finalist
1974		Gravity's Rainbow	Winner	^[39]
				^[40] ^[41] ^[42] ^[43]
		Beasts of the Southern Wild and Other Stories	Finalist
			Finalist
		Apostles of Light	Finalist	^[44]
		Searches and Seizures	Finalist
		Nickel Mountain	Finalist
		Black Conceit	Finalist
		Ninety-Two in the Shade	Finalist
		People Will Always Be Kind	Finalist
		Burr	Finalist
		State of Grace	Finalist
1975		Dog Soldiers	Winner	^[45]
				^[46] ^[47] ^[48]
		Guilty Pleasures	Finalist
			Finalist
		Something Happened	Finalist
		Sula	Finalist
		Look at the Harlequins!	Finalist
		Enormous Changes at the Last Minute	Finalist
		My Life As a Man	Finalist
			Finalist
1976		J R	Winner	^[49]
		Humboldt's Gift	Finalist
			Finalist
		Other People's Lives	Finalist
		Tyrants Destroyed and Other Stories	Finalist
		Beyond the Bedroom Wall	Finalist
1977			Winner	^[50]
		Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?	Finalist
			Finalist
		Orsinian Tales	Finalist
			Finalist
1978		Blood Tie	Winner	^[51]
			Finalist
		Madder Music	Finalist
		Elbow Room	Finalist
		Union Dues	Finalist
1979		Going After Cacciato	Winner	^[52]
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Lying Low	Finalist
			Finalist

1980s

For 1980 to 1983 this list covers the paired "Fiction (hardcover)" and "Fiction (paperback)" awards in that order. Hard and paper editions were distinguished only in these four years; none of the paperback winners were original; in their first editions all had been losing finalists in 1979 or 1981.

From 1980 to 1985 there was also one award for first novel or first work of fiction and in 1980 there were five more awards for mystery, western, and science fiction.^[3] None of those are covered here.

1980-1983

Year! scope="col" width="10%"

Category	Author	Title	Result
1980	Hardcover		Sophie's Choice	Winner	^[53] ^[54]
			Just Above My Head	Finalist
				Finalist
				Finalist
			Endless Love	Finalist	^[55]
	Paperback			Winner	^[56]
			Collected Stories	Finalist
			Violet Clay	Finalist
			Too Far to Go	Finalist
			Miss MacIntosh, My Darling, Volumes 1 and 2	Finalist
1981	Hardcover		Plains Song: For Female Voices	Winner	^[57] ^[58]
				Finalist
			So Long, See You Tomorrow	Finalist
				Finalist
				Finalist	^[59]
	Paperback			Winner	^[60]
				Finalist
				Finalist
			Endless Love	Finalist
			War and Remembrance	Finalist
1982	Hardcover		Rabbit is Rich	Winner	^[61] ^[62]
			Ellis Island and Other Stories	Finalist
				Finalist
				Finalist
			Dad	Finalist
	Paperback		So Long, See You Tomorrow	Winner	^[63]
			Loon Lake	Finalist
				Finalist
				Finalist
			Morgan's Passing	Finalist
1983	Hardcover			Winner	^[64] ^[65]
				Finalist
			Shiloh and Other Stories	Finalist
				Finalist
			Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant	Finalist
	Paperback			Winner	^[66]
				Finalist
				Finalist
			Housekeeping	Finalist
				Finalist

1983 entries were published during 1982; winners in 27 categories were announced April 13 and privately celebrated April 28, 1983.^[67]

1984 entries for the "revamped" awards in three categories were published November 1983 to October 1984; eleven finalists were announced October 17.^[68] Winners were announced and celebrated November 15, 1984.^[69]

1984-1989

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
1984		Victory Over Japan: A Book of Stories	Winner	^[70]
		Foreign Affairs	Finalist
			Finalist
1985		White Noise	Winner	^[71] ^[72]
		Always Coming Home	Finalist
			Finalist
1986		World's Fair	Winner	^[73]
		Whites	Finalist
			Finalist
1987		Paco's Story	Winner	^[74] ^[75]
		That Night	Finalist
		Beloved	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
1988		Paris Trout	Winner	^[76]
		Libra	Finalist
		Vanished	Finalist
		Wheat That Springeth Green	Finalist
		Breathing Lessons	Finalist
1989		Spartina	Winner	^[77]
		Billy Bathgate	Finalist
		Geek Love	Finalist	^[78]
			Finalist
			Finalist

1990s

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
1990		Middle Passage	Winner	^[79] ^[80]
		Chromos	Finalist
		Paradise	Finalist
		Dogeaters	Finalist	^[81]
		Because It Is Bitter, and Because It Is My Heart	Finalist
1991		Mating	Winner	^[82]
		Wartime Lies	Finalist
		Frog	Finalist
			Finalist
		Beyond Deserving	Finalist
1992		All the Pretty Horses	Winner	^[83]
		Bastard Out of Carolina	Finalist
		Dreaming in Cuban	Finalist
		Lost in the City	Finalist
		Outerbridge Reach	Finalist
1993			Winner	^[84]
		Come to Me: Stories	Finalist	^[85]
			Finalist
		Operation Wandering Soul	Finalist
		Swimming in the Volcano	Finalist
1994			Winner	^[86]
		Moses Supposes	Finalist
		White Man's Grave	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
1995		Sabbath's Theater	Winner	^[87]
		All Souls' Rising	Finalist
		Krik? Krak!	Finalist
		Interstate	Finalist
			Finalist
1996		Ship Fever and Other Stories	Winner	^[88]
		Atticus	Finalist
			Finalist
		Martin Dressler: The Tale of an American Dreamer	Finalist
			Finalist
1997		Cold Mountain	Winner	^[89] ^[90]
		Underworld	Finalist
			Finalist
		Echo House	Finalist
			Finalist
1998		Charming Billy	Winner	^[91]
		Kaaterskill Falls	Finalist
			Finalist
		Damascus Gate	Finalist
			Finalist
1999		Waiting	Winner	^[92]
		House of Sand and Fog	Finalist
		Plainsong	Finalist	^[93]
		Hummingbird House	Finalist
		Who Do You Love	Finalist

2000s

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
2000		In America	Winner	^[94]
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Blonde	Finalist
		Blue Angel	Finalist
2001			Winner	^[95] ^[96]
		Among the Missing	Finalist
		Look at Me	Finalist	^[97]
			Finalist
		Highwire Moon	Finalist
2002		Three Junes	Winner	^[98]
		Big If	Finalist
		You Are Not a Stranger Here	Finalist
		Gorgeous Lies	Finalist
			Finalist
2003			Winner	^[99] ^[100]
		Drop City	Finalist
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Evidence of Things Unseen	Finalist
2004			Winner	^[101] ^[102]
		Madeleine is Sleeping	Finalist
		Florida	Finalist
		Ideas of Heaven: A Ring of Stories	Finalist
		Our Kind	Finalist
2005		Europe Central	Winner	^[103]
			Finalist
		Veronica	Finalist
		Trance	Finalist
		Holy Skirts	Finalist
2006			Winner	^[104]
		Only Revolutions	Finalist
			Finalist
		Eat the Document	Finalist
			Finalist
2007		Tree of Smoke	Winner	^[105] ^[106]
		Fieldwork	Finalist
		Varieties of Disturbance	Finalist
		Then We Came to the End	Finalist
		Like You'd Understand, Anyway	Finalist
2008		Shadow Country	Winner	^[107]
			Finalist
		Telex from Cuba	Finalist
		Home	Finalist
			Finalist
2009		Let the Great World Spin	Winner	^[108] ^[109]
		American Salvage	Finalist
		In Other Rooms, Other Wonders	Finalist
		Lark and Termite	Finalist
		Far North	Finalist

2010s

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
2010		Lord of Misrule	Winner	^[110] ^[111]
		Parrot and Olivier in America	Finalist
		Great House	Finalist
		So Much for That	Finalist
		I Hotel	Finalist
2011		Salvage the Bones	Winner	^[112] ^[113] ^[114]
			Finalist	^[115]
			Finalist	^[116]
			Finalist
		Binocular Vision	Finalist
2012			Winner	^[117] ^[118] ^[119] ^[120]
		This Is How You Lose Her	Finalist
			Finalist
		Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk	Finalist
			Finalist
2013			Winner	^[121] ^[122] ^[123]
			Finalist
			Finalist
		Bleeding Edge	Finalist
			Finalist
2014		Redeployment	Winner	^[124] ^[125]
			Finalist
		All the Light We Cannot See	Finalist
		Station Eleven	Finalist
		Lila	Finalist
2015		Fortune Smiles	Winner	^[126]
		Refund	Finalist
			Finalist
		Fates and Furies	Finalist
			Finalist
2016			Winner	^[127]
			Finalist	^[128]
		News of the World	Finalist
			Finalist
		Another Brooklyn	Finalist
2017		Sing, Unburied, Sing	Winner	^[129] ^[130]
		Dark at the Crossing	Finalist	^[131]
			Finalist
		Pachinko	Finalist
		Her Body and Other Parties	Finalist
2018			Winner	^[132] ^[133]
			Finalist	^[134]
		Florida	Finalist
		Where the Dead Sit Talking	Finalist
			Finalist
2019		Trust Exercise	Winner	^[135] ^[136] ^[137]
		Sabrina & Corina	Finalist	^[138]
		Black Leopard, Red Wolf	Finalist	^[139]
			Finalist
		Disappearing Earth	Finalist

2020s

Year! scope="col" width="30%"

Author	Title	Result
2020		Interior Chinatown	Winner	^[140] ^[141]
		Leave the World Behind	Finalist	^[142]
			Finalist
			Finalist	^[143]
		Shuggie Bain	Finalist
2021		Hell of a Book	Winner	^[144] ^[145] ^[146]
		Cloud Cuckoo Land	Finalist	^[147]
		Matrix	Finalist
		Zorrie	Finalist
			Finalist
2022			Winner	^[148] ^[149]
		The Birdcatcher	Finalist	^[150]
			Finalist
		All This Could Be Different	Finalist
	Alejandro Varela		Finalist
2023		Blackouts	Winner	^[151]
		Chain-Gang All-Stars	Finalist	^[152]
		Temple Folk	Finalist
		This Other Eden	Finalist
			Finalist
2024	Percival Everett	James	Winner	^[153]
	Pemi Aguda	Ghostroots	Finalist	^[154] ^[155]
	Kaveh Akbar	Martyr!	Finalist
	Miranda July	All Fours	Finalist
	Hisham Matar	My Friends	Finalist

Early awards for fiction

The National Book Awards for 1935 to 1940 annually recognized the "Most Distinguished Novel" (1935–1936) or "Favorite Fiction" (1937–1940). Furthermore, works of fiction were eligible for the "Bookseller Discovery" and "Most Original Book" awards; fiction winners are listed here.

There was only one National Book Award for 1941, the Bookseller Discovery, which recognized the novel Hold Autumn In Your Hand by George Perry;^[156] then none until the 1950 revival in three categories including Fiction.

Most Distinguished Novel (1935–1936)

1935: Rachel Field, Time Out of Mind^[157]

1936: Margaret Mitchell, Gone With the Wind^[158]

Favorite Fiction (1937–1940)

1937: A. J. Cronin, The Citadel^[159]

• Conrad Richter, The Sea of Grass^[160]

• Kenneth Roberts, Northwest Passage^[160]

• Leonard Q. Ross (Leo Rosten), The Education of H*Y*M*A*N K*A*P*L*A*N (short stories)^[160]

1938: Daphne Du Maurier, Rebecca^[161]

1939: John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath^[162]

• Sholom Asch, The Nazarene

1940: Richard Llewellyn, How Green Was My Valley^[163]

Bookseller Discovery (1936–1941)

1936: Norah Lofts, I Met a Gypsy (short stories)^[158]

1937: Lawrence Watkin, On Borrowed Time (novel)^[161]

• see 1937 Fiction^[160]

1938: see nonfiction

1939: Elgin Groseclose, Ararat (novel)^[162]

• Chard Powers Smith, Artillery of Time, I

1940: see nonfiction

1941: George Sessions Perry, Hold Autumn in Your Hand (novel)^[156]

Most Original Book (1935–1939)

1935: Charles G. Finney, The Circus of Dr. Lao (novel)^[158]

1936: see nonfiction

1937: see nonfiction

• see 1937 Fiction^[160]

1938: see nonfiction

1939: Dalton Trumbo, Johnny Got His Gun (novel)^[162]

• Geoffrey Household, Rogue Male

Repeat winners

See Winners of multiple U.S. National Book Awards

Notes and References

1. Web site: History of the National Book Awards . National Book Foundation . March 18, 2018 . October 3, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181003005153/http://nationalbook.org/aboutus_history.html . live .
2. Web site: How the National Book Awards Work . National Book Foundation . March 18, 2018 . June 9, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110609202556/http://www.nationalbook.org/nba_process.html . live .
3. Web site: National Book Award Winners: 1950 – Present . National Book Foundation . March 18, 2018 . May 28, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120528173755/http://www.nationalbook.org/nbawinners_category.html . live .
4. Web site: A Celebration of the 60th National Book Awards . National Book Foundation . March 18, 2018 . March 19, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180319004255/http://www.nationalbook.org/nba2009_60thanniversary.html . live .
5. Web site: 60 Years of the National Book Awards – 79 Fiction Winners . National Book Foundation . March 18, 2018 . March 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180322065457/http://www.nationalbook.org/nba77fictionwinners.html . live .
6. Web site: National Book Award Selection Process . National Book Foundation . March 18, 2018 . June 13, 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080613084047/http://www.nationalbook.org/selection_process.html . live .
7. Web site: National Book Awards – 1950 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060212/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1950/?cat=fiction . live .
8. News: March 17, 1950 . Book Publishers Make 3 Awards: Nelson Algren, Dr. Ralph L. Rusk and Dr. W. C. Williams Receive Gold Plaques . 21 . The New York Times.
9. Web site: Rachel Kushner . June 18, 2009 . The Man with the Golden Arm . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090912054230/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/2009/6/18/1950.html . 2009-09-12 . NBA Fiction Blog.
10. Web site: National Book Awards – 1951 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010902/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1951/?cat=fiction . live .
11. Web site: Harold Augenbraum . June 18, 2009 . The Collected Stories of William Faulkner . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090913022508/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/2009/6/18/1951.html . 2009-09-13 . NBA Fiction Blog . The Book of National Book Awards Apocrypha says that when told he had won the National Book Award in Fiction for 1951, just 15 months after receiving the Nobel Prize in Literature, William Faulkner said, “I could have written a cookbook this year and they would have given me the National Book Award.”.
12. Web site: National Book Awards – 1952 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010840/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1952/?cat=fiction . live .
13. Web site: National Book Awards – 1953 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010943/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1953/?cat=fiction . live .
14. Web site: National Book Awards – 1954 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060245/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1954/?cat=fiction . live .
15. Web site: Nathaniel Rich . July 9, 2009 . The Adventures of Augie March . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170829022247/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1954.html . August 29, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
16. Web site: National Book Awards – 1955 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010925/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1955/?cat=fiction . live .
17. Web site: National Book Awards – 1956 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010904/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1956/?cat=fiction . live .
18. Web site: National Book Awards – 1957 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010939/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1957/?cat=fiction . live .
19. Web site: National Book Awards – 1958 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010922/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1958/?cat=fiction . live .
20. Web site: National Book Awards – 1959 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010856/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1959/?cat=fiction . live .
21. Web site: Larry Dark . July 14, 2009 . Goodbye, Columbus . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090908065753/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/2009/7/14/1960.html . 2009-09-08 . NBA Fiction Blog.
22. Web site: National Book Awards – 1960 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010907/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1960/?cat=fiction . live .
23. Web site: National Book Awards – 1961 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060229/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1961/?cat=fiction . live .
24. Web site: National Book Awards – 1962 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010957/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1962/?cat=fiction . live .
25. Web site: National Book Awards – 1963 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528004332/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1963/?cat=fiction . live .
26. Web site: National Book Awards – 1964 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528004425/https://www.nationalbook.org/.well-known/sgcaptcha/?r=%2Fawards-prizes%2Fnational-book-awards-1964%2F%3Fcat%3Dfiction&y=ipc:207.241.235.134:1716857065.192 . live .
27. Web site: National Book Awards – 1965 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528004321/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1965/?cat=fiction . live .
28. Web site: National Book Awards – 1966 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528004425/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1966/?cat=fiction . live .
29. Web site: National Book Awards – 1968 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010840/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1968/?cat=fiction . live .
30. Web site: National Book Awards – 1969 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010932/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1969/?cat=fiction . live .
31. Web site: National Book Awards – 1970 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010759/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1970/?cat=fiction . live .
32. Web site: National Book Awards – 1971 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010954/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1971/?cat=fiction . live .
33. Web site: National Book Awards – 1972 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060154/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1972/?cat=fiction . live .
34. The Fiction panels split the 1973, 1974, and 1975 awards. Split awards have been prohibited continuously from 1984.
35. Web site: Harold Augenbraum . July 29, 2009 . Chimera . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20090808065021/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1973.html . 2009-08-08 . NBA Fiction Blog.
36. Web site: National Book Awards – 1973 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010919/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1973/?cat=fiction . live .
37. Web site: Eric Pace . April 11, 1973 . 2 Book Awards Split for First Time . live . https://archive.today/20180318144903/https://www.nytimes.com/1973/04/11/archives/2-book-awards-split-for-first-time-serengeti-lion-wins-other-judges.html . 18 March 2018 . 23 July 2018 . The New York Times . 38.
38. Web site: Harold Augenbraum . July 29, 2009 . Augustus . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20090808065015/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1973-1.html . 2009-08-08 . NBA Fiction Blog.
39. Web site: Casey Hicks . July 30, 2009 . Gavirty's Rainbow . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20090808065031/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1974.html . 2009-08-08 . NBA Fiction Blog.
40. Web site: National Book Awards – 1974 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010859/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1974/?cat=fiction . live .
41. Web site: Harold Augenbraum . August 1, 2009 . A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170815081220/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1974-1.html . August 15, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
42. Web site: Steven R. Weismann . April 19, 1974 . World of Books Presents Its Oscars . live . https://archive.today/20180318145852/https://www.nytimes.com/1974/04/19/archives/world-of-books-presents-its-oscars-audience-wonders.html . 18 March 2018 . 18 March 2018 . The New York Times . 24.
43. Web site: April 17, 1974 . Pynchon, Singer Share Fiction Prize . live . https://archive.today/20180318150231/https://www.nytimes.com/1974/04/17/archives/pynchon-singer-share-fiction-prize.html . 18 March 2018 . 18 March 2018 . The New York Times.
44. Web site: November 9, 2012 . Obituary Note: Josephine Haxton (Ellen Douglas) . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181816/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=1867 . live .
45. Web site: Jessica Hagedorn . August 2, 2009 . Dog Soldiers . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170829022427/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1975.html . August 29, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
46. Web site: National Book Awards – 1975 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010925/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1975/?cat=fiction . live .
47. Web site: David Kirby . August 4, 2009 . The Hair of Harold Roux . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170819221610/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1975-1.html . August 19, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
48. Web site: William Cole . May 4, 1975 . The Last of the National Book Awards? . live . https://archive.today/20180318154059/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/04/archives/the-last-of-the-national-book-awards-the-guest-word.html . 18 March 2018 . 18 March 2018 . The New York Times . The judges had been begged not to give split decisions.
49. Web site: National Book Awards – 1976 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060243/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1976/?cat=fiction . live .
50. Web site: National Book Awards – 1977 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010850/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1977/?cat=fiction . live .
51. Web site: National Book Awards – 1978 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010835/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1978/?cat=fiction . live .
52. Web site: National Book Awards – 1979 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060248/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1979/?cat=fiction . live .
53. Web site: Robert Weil . August 14, 2009 . Sophie's Choice . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20161031084428/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1980-5.html . October 31, 2016 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
54. Web site: National Book Awards – 1980 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010945/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1980/?cat=fiction . live .
55. Web site: October 6, 2010 . 5 Under 35 . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181812/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=1299 . live .
56. Web site: Deb Caletti . August 9, 2009 . The World According to Garp . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170818154254/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1980-1.html . August 18, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
57. Web site: Patricia Smith . August 19, 2009 . Plains Song . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170815081230/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1981-2.html . August 15, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
58. Web site: National Book Awards – 1981 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010838/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1981/?cat=fiction . live .
59. Web site: April 18, 2016 . Obituary Notes: James Cross Giblin; John Ferrone . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181816/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2734 . live .
60. Web site: Willie Perdomo . August 18, 2009 . The Stories of John Cheever . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170818153956/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1981-1.html . August 18, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
61. Web site: Amity Gaige . August 22, 2009 . Rabbit Is Rich . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20170818153650/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1982-2.html . August 18, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
62. Web site: National Book Awards – 1982 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114012405/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1982/?cat=fiction . live .
63. Web site: Daniel Menaker . August 19, 2009 . So Long, See You Tomorrow . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160926130712/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1982-1.html . September 26, 2016 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
64. Web site: Anna Clark . August 23, 2009 . The Color Purple . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308041451/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1983-1.html . 2018-03-08 . NBA Fiction Blog.
65. Web site: National Book Awards – 1983 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060220/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1983/?cat=fiction . live .
66. Web site: Robin Black . August 23, 2009 . The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170815081236/http://www.nbafictionblog.org/nba-winning-books-blog/1983-2.html . August 15, 2017 . January 25, 2012 . NBA Fiction Blog.
67. Web site: American Book Awards Announced . The New York Times . Edwin McDowell . C30 . April 14, 1983 . https://archive.today/20180318155301/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/04/14/books/american-book-awards-announced.html . 18 March 2018 . live . 18 March 2018 .
68. Web site: 11 Nominated for American Book Awards . C25 . The New York Times . Edwin McDowell . October 18, 1984 . https://archive.today/20180318155616/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/10/18/books/11-nominated-for-american-book-awards.html . 18 March 2018 . live . 18 March 2018 .
69. Web site: Three Writers Win Book Awards . The New York Times . November 16, 1984 . C32 . https://archive.today/20180318155919/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/16/books/three-writers-win-book-awards.html . March 18, 2018 . live . March 18, 2018 .
70. Web site: National Book Awards – 1984 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114012410/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1984/?cat=fiction . live .
71. Web site: National Book Awards – 1985 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010842/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1985/?cat=fiction . live .
72. Web site: July 29, 2022 . Rediscover: White Noise . 2022-10-04 . .
73. Web site: National Book Awards – 1986 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528004404/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1986/?cat=fiction . live .
74. Web site: National Book Awards – 1987 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528004322/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1987/?cat=fiction . live .
75. Web site: December 17, 2019 . Obituary Note: Larry Heinemann . 2022-10-04 . . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528004408/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=3642 . live .
76. Web site: National Book Awards – 1988 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060240/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1988/?cat=fiction . live .
77. Web site: National Book Awards – 1989 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010855/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1989/?cat=fiction . live .
78. Web site: May 13, 2016 . Obituary Note: Katherine Dunn . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181820/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2753 . live .
79. Web site: National Book Awards – 1990 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060159/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1990/?cat=fiction . live .
80. Web site: December 23, 2016 . Charles Johnson: Practicing Art Without Limitation . 2022-10-04 . . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004214321/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=569 . live .
81. Web site: September 28, 2012 . 5 Under 35 . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181813/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=1838 . live .
82. Web site: National Book Awards – 1991 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010930/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1991/?cat=fiction . live .
83. Web site: National Book Awards – 1992 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528005437/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1992/?cat=fiction . live .
84. Web site: National Book Awards – 1993 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114012508/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1993/?cat=fiction . live .
85. Web site: October 1, 2014 . National Book Foundation: '5 Under 35' . 2022-10-04 . . March 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230307140015/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2354 . live .
86. Web site: National Book Awards – 1994 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060245/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1994/?cat=fiction . live .
87. Web site: National Book Awards – 1995 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010857/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1995/?cat=fiction . live .
88. Web site: National Book Awards – 1996 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . May 28, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240528005426/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1996/?cat=fiction . live .
89. Web site: National Book Awards – 1997 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010937/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1997/?cat=fiction . live .
90. Web site: April 3, 2018 . Book Dedication of the Day: Charles Frazier for Nancy Olson . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181816/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=3219 . live .
91. Web site: National Book Awards – 1998 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114012416/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1998/?cat=fiction . live .
92. Web site: National Book Awards – 1999 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010916/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1999/?cat=fiction . live .
93. Web site: December 30, 2014 . In Memoriam . 2022-10-08 . . March 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230307140015/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=362 . live .
94. Web site: National Book Awards – 2000 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010813/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2000/?cat=fiction . live .
95. Web site: National Book Awards – 2001 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010952/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2001/?cat=fiction . live .
96. Web site: January 15, 2015 . BEA 2015: Jonathan Franzen in Kick-Off Event . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181809/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2422 . live .
97. Web site: August 16, 2019 . Awards: NAIBA Legacy . 2022-10-08 . . March 16, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230316153108/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=3559 . live .
98. Web site: National Book Awards – 2002 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060151/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2002/?cat=fiction . live .
99. Web site: National Book Awards – 2003 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010927/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2003/?cat=fiction . live .
100. Web site: December 14, 2016 . Obituary Note: Shirley Hazzard . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181818/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2900 . live .
101. News: National Book Awards – 2004 . National Book Foundation . March 18, 2018 . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010828/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2004/?cat=fiction . live .
102. Web site: January 9, 2020 . Review: Heathcliff Redux: A Novella and Stories . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181821/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=3651 . live .
103. Web site: National Book Awards – 2005 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114012420/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2005/?cat=fiction . live .
104. Web site: National Book Awards – 2006 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060232/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2006/?cat=fiction . live .
105. Web site: National Book Awards – 2007 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010858/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2007/?cat=fiction . live .
106. Web site: June 20, 2017 . Rediscover: Tree of Smoke . 2022-10-04 . . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004214320/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=620 . live .
107. Web site: National Book Awards – 2008 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010923/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2008/?cat=fiction . live .
108. Web site: National Book Awards – 2009 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060301/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2009/?cat=fiction . live .
109. Web site: July 2, 2021 . Present and Past Through the Eyes of a Modern Irish Master . 2022-10-08 . . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004214322/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=1035 . live .
110. Web site: National Book Awards – 2010 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010916/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2010/?cat=fiction . live . .
111. Web site: December 16, 2010 . 'The Power of an Audience' . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181814/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=1353 . live .
112. Web site: National Book Awards – 2011 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114060225/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2011/?cat=fiction . live . .
113. Web site: January 28, 2016 . Awards: Colby; Strauss Living . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181811/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2678 . live .
114. Web site: September 13, 2013 . National Book Foundation: '5 Under 35' . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181809/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2084 . live .
115. Web site: March 20, 2020 . The Bear . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181813/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=903 . live .
116. Web site: August 14, 2019 . B&N's August Book Club Pick: Inland . 2022-10-08 . . March 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230307140111/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=3557 . live .
117. Web site: 2012 National Book Awards Go to Erdrich, Boo, Ferry, Alexander . 2012-11-15 . . November 15, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121115173037/http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/awards-and-prizes/article/54764-2012-national-book-awards-go-to-erdrich-boo-perry-alexander.html . live .
118. Web site: Leslie Kaufman . November 14, 2012 . Novel About Racial Injustice Wins National Book Award . 2012-11-15 . The New York Times . July 2, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140702004517/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/15/us/louise-erdrichs-novel-the-round-house-wins-national-book-award.html?_r=0 . live .
119. Web site: National Book Awards – 2012 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . October 28, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181028135813/http://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2012/?cat=fiction . live . .
120. Web site: October 10, 2012 . National Book Award Finalists Announced Today . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121206014159/http://reviews.libraryjournal.com/2012/10/in-the-bookroom/national-book-award-finalists-announced-today/ . December 6, 2012 . 2012-11-15 . Library Journal.
121. Web site: National Book Awards – 2013 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010845/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2013/?cat=fiction . live . .
122. News: Bosman. Julie. 2013-10-16. Finalists for National Book Awards Announced. en-US. The New York Times. 2023-01-01. 0362-4331. November 5, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171105094825/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/17/business/media/finalists-for-national-book-awards-announced.html. live.
123. Web site: April 12, 2016 . James McBride: All Music Comes from the Same Place . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181812/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=496 . live .
124. Web site: Alter . Alexandra . November 19, 2014 . National Book Award Goes to Phil Klay for His Short Story Collection . November 20, 2014 . The New York Times . November 23, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141123120058/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/20/books/national-book-award-goes-to-phil-klay-for-redeployment.html?_r=0 . live .
125. Web site: National Book Awards – 2014 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . October 28, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181028214557/http://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2014/?cat=fiction . live . .
126. Web site: National Book Awards – 2015 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . October 28, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181028065059/http://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2015/?cat=fiction . live . .
127. Web site: National Book Awards – 2016 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . October 28, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181028214734/http://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2016/?cat=fiction . live . .
128. Web site: October 7, 2016 . Awards: National Book Award; PNBA BuzzBook; Cundill; Whiting Creative Nonfiction . 2022-10-04 . . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004214314/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=2855 . live .
129. Web site: National Book Awards – 2017 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 14, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114010908/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2017/?cat=fiction . live . .
130. Web site: November 16, 2017 . National Book Award Winners . 2022-10-08 . . March 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230307140120/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=3130 . live .
131. News: Nevins . Jake . 2017-09-15 . National Book awards 2017: Jesmyn Ward and Jennifer Egan among finalists . 2024-10-04 . The Guardian . en-GB . 0261-3077.
132. Web site: Constance Grady . October 10, 2018 . The 2018 National Book Award finalists are in. Here's the full list . October 11, 2018 . . March 30, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190330044709/https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/10/10/17959504/2018-national-book-award-finalists . live .
133. Web site: National Book Awards – 2018 . March 18, 2018 . National Book Foundation . November 29, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181129100505/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-2018/ . live . .
134. Web site: Canfield . David . 10 October 2018 . These are the finalists for the 2018 National Book Award . 2024-10-04 . EW.com . en.
135. Web site: 2019-10-07 . The 2019 National Book Awards Finalists Announced . 2019-10-09 . National Book Foundation . en-US . October 9, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191009002625/https://www.nationalbook.org/the-2019-national-book-awards-finalists-announced/ . live .
136. Web site: Trust Exercise . 2019-11-21 . National Book Foundation . en-US . November 21, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191121161136/https://www.nationalbook.org/books/trust-exercise-henry-holt-company-macmillan-publishers/ . live .
137. Web site: September 30, 2020 . National Book Foundation: '5 Under 35' . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181810/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=3835 . live .
138. Web site: Carras . Christi . 2019-10-08 . Here are all the finalists for the 2019 National Book Awards . 2024-10-04 . Los Angeles Times . en-US.
139. Web site: December 3, 2019 . Black Leopard, Red Wolf . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181823/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=873 . live .
140. Web site: 2020-10-07 . National Book Awards 2020 shortlists announced . 2020-10-07 . Books+Publishing . en-AU . October 24, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201024031317/https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2020/10/07/157689/national-book-awards-2020-shortlists-announced/ . live .
141. Web site: December 1, 2020 . Interior Chinatown . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181821/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=975 . live .
142. Web site: Cadden . Mary . National Book Awards announces shortlist: Rumaan Alam, Douglas Stuart among finalists . 2024-10-04 . USA TODAY . en-US.
143. Web site: July 2, 2021 . Reading with... Zakiya Dalila Harris . 2022-10-04 . . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004214322/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=1035 . live .
144. Web site: 17 November 2021 . Jason Mott and Tiya Miles win National Book Awards . NPR . November 18, 2021 . November 18, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211118025419/https://www.npr.org/2021/11/17/1056733010/jason-mott-tiya-miles-national-book-awards . live .
145. Web site: November 18, 2021 . National Book Award Winners . 2022-10-08 . . March 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230307140130/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/issue.html?issue=4116 . live .
146. Web site: November 30, 2021 . Hell of a Book . 2022-10-08 . . October 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221008181818/https://www.shelf-awareness.com/readers-issue.html?issue=1078 . live .
147. News: Lee . Benjamin . 2021-10-05 . National Book Awards 2021: Robert Jones Jr and Lauren Groff among finalists . 2024-10-04 . The Guardian . en-GB . 0261-3077.
148. News: Tess Gunty's novel 'The Rabbit Hutch' wins National Book Award for fiction . NPR . Associated Press . November 16, 2022 . en . November 17, 2022 . November 17, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221117045439/https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137331400/novelist-tess-gunty-wins-national-book-award-for-fiction . live .
149. Web site: Beer . Tom . 2022-11-16 . Winners of the 2022 National Book Awards Revealed . 2022-11-20 . Kirkus Reviews . en . November 20, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221120200430/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/winners-of-the-2022-national-book-awards-revealed/ . live .
150. Web site: Schaub . Michael . 2022-10-03 . National Book Award Finalists Are Revealed . 2022-10-04 . Kirkus Reviews . en . October 4, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221004213112/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/news-and-features/articles/national-book-award-finalists-are-revealed-1/ . live .
151. Elizabeth A. Harris and Alexandra Alter. "Justin Torres, Author of 'Blackouts,' Wins National Book Award for Fiction ". The New York Times, November 15, 2023.
152. Web site: 2023-10-03 . Here are the 2023 National Book Award finalists. . 2023-10-04 . Literary Hub . en-US . October 4, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231004090924/https://lithub.com/here-are-the-2023-national-book-award-finalists/ . live .
153. News: Alter . Alexandra . 20 November 2024 . Percival Everett, Author of ‘James,’ Wins National Book Award for Fiction . live . 20 November 2024 . The New York Times.
154. Web site: Nguyen . Sophia . 2024-10-01 . National Book Awards finalists announced for 2024 . 2024-10-04 . Washington Post . en.
155. News: Lee . Benjamin . 2024-10-01 . Salman Rushdie and Miranda July among National Book award finalists . 2024-10-04 . The Guardian . en-GB . 0261-3077.
156. News: Neglected Author Gets High Honor: 1941 Book Award Presented to George Perry for 'Hold Autumn In Your Hand' . The New York Times . 18 . February 2, 1942 . subscription . March 23, 2018 . March 24, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180324041359/https://www.nytimes.com/1942/02/11/archives/neglected-author-gets-high-honor-1941-book-award-presented-to.html . live .
157. News: Lewis is Scornful of Radio Culture: Nothing Ever Will Replace the Old-Fashioned Book, He Tells Booksellers . The New York Times . May 12, 1936 . https://archive.today/20180318175948/https://www.nytimes.com/1936/05/12/archives/lewis-is-scornful-of-radio-culture-nothing-ever-will-replace-the.html . 18 March 2018 . live . subscription . 18 March 2018 .
158. Web site: 5 Honors Awarded on the Year's Books: Authors of Preferred Volumes Hailed at Luncheon of Booksellers Group . The New York Times . February 26, 1937 . https://archive.today/20180318180254/https://www.nytimes.com/1937/02/26/archives/5-honors-awarded-on-the-years-books-authors-of-preferred-volumes.html . 18 March 2018 . live . subscription . 18 March 2018 .
159. News: Booksellers Give Prize to 'Citadel': Cronin's Work About Doctors Their Favorite--'Mme. Curie' Gets Non-Fiction Award . The New York Times . March 2, 1938 . 14 . subscription . March 23, 2018 . March 24, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180324042707/https://www.nytimes.com/1938/03/02/archives/booksellers-give-prize-to-citadel-cronins-work-about-doctors-their.html . live .
160. Contemporary coverage by The New York Times lists four "close seconds" for the four awards, three of which were works of fiction. The third listed was nonfiction, but Nonfiction was the second listed award winner, so the allocation of "close seconds" to award categories is uncertain.
161. News: Book About Plants Receives Award: Dr. Fairchild's 'Garden' Work Cited by Booksellers . The New York Times . February 15, 1939 . 20 . subscription . March 23, 2018 . March 24, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180324101605/https://www.nytimes.com/1939/02/15/archives/book-about-plants-receives-award-dr-fairchilds-garden-work-cited-by.html . live .
162. News: 1939 Book Awards Given by Critics: Elgin Groseclose's 'Ararat' is Picked as Work Which Failed to Get Due Recognition . . February 14, 1940 . 25 . subscription . March 23, 2018 . February 12, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230212100157/https://www.nytimes.com/1940/02/14/archives/1939-book-awards-given-by-critics-elgin-grosecloses-ararat-is.html . live .
163. News: Books and Authors . The New York Times . February 16, 1941 . BR12 .