| National Afrikaans Literary Museum and Research Centre | |
| Native Name: | Nasionale Afrikaanse Letterkundige Museum en Navorsingsentrum (NALN) |
| Established: | 1973 |
| Location: | Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa |
| Type: | Literature, Music, Drama |
| Collection: | 750,000+ items |
The National Afrikaans Literary Museum and Research Centre (Afrikaans: Nasionale Afrikaanse Letterkundige Museum en Navorsingsentrum, NALN) is a central archive for material and information on the history, development, and scope of literature, music, and drama in the Afrikaans language. The NALN was founded in 1973 by the Free State provincial government and is based in Bloemfontein, South Africa. It operates as a nonprofit organization. The hours are Monday through Friday, 8:00 - 16:00.[1]
The NALN collection includes an estimated three quarters of a million items.[2] These include books, manuscripts, magazines, newspapers, clippings, sheet music, posters, and programs, an audiovisual collection, and other unique artifacts. In addition, furniture and other effects of writers and other literary personalities can be viewed here.
In front of the museum is a garden where several dignitaries have planted trees over the years. Busts of writers, musicians, and dramatists have been installed under the trees.
NALN is located in the Old Free State Government Building. The building was commissioned by President Johannes Brand to house the various government departments of the Orange Free State government. The first story's front facade was designed by Richard Wocke and the keystone was laid by President Brand on May 31, 1875. In 1895, the second story was built, designed by Johannes Egbertus Vixseboxse. The remainder of the building was designed by Sir Herbert Baker, architect of the Union Buildings in Pretoria, and was completed in 1906.[3]
On October 28, 1908, the original building was destroyed in a fire. From 1909 to 1911, it was largely restored based on Baker's blueprint. Improvements, especially in the facade and tower, were the work of the government architect F. Taylor. The tower was, among other things, narrower and 10.5 m higher than the original one, and was fitted with a rounded crown.
From 1877 to 1902, the Old Government Building was the headquarters of the Government of the Orange Free State. The Volksraad met in the Third Council Chamber from 1877 to 1893. Afterwards, it remained the seat of the Government of the Orange River Colony, and in 1911 became the provincial headquarters of the Orange Free State. In 1972, the building was declared a national heritage site.
The Human Sciences Research Council began mounting exhibits in the building and using it as an archive for documents on language and literature in 1970. The document archive developed into the Literary Museum of Bloemfontein. On October 9, 1972, the lawyer Gabriel Francois van Lingen Froneman, the Administrator of Free State, announced the establishment of the NALN. On March 24, 1973, the NALN was officially opened by Johannes Petrus van der Spuy, at the time Minister of National Education.
Since 1996, the NALN has brought renewed focus to the works of black and Cape Coloured authors in Afrikaans and expanded its collection of same.
In 1994, the NALN began campaigning for a literary museum for Sotho (along with Afrikaans, one of the country's 11 official languages). The museum was announced in 1999, and was opened in 2006 with the help of NALN staff and funding.
Gradual declines in priority and funding necessitated a downsizing in 2007, in which a great deal of professional expertise was lost. Departmentally, the institution's name was changed to the Afrikaans Literary Museum (ALM), and is now operating as a local institution in Free State province.
A failed attempt to renovate the building led to a six-year disruption of activities starting in 2002. Exhibits covering 1 500 m2 were reworked to portray Afrikaans literature from a post-1994 perspective.[4]