| Ipa Symbol: | ŋ͡ ŋ͡‼ |
| Ipa Symbol2: | ᵑ ᵑ‼ |
| Ipa Symbol3: | ̃ ‼̃ |
| Kirshenbaum: | n.! |
| Ipa Symbol: | ɴ͡ ɴ͡‼ |
| Ipa Symbol2: | ᶰ ᶰ‼ |
See main article: Retroflex click and nasal click.
The retroflex nasal click is a rare click consonant. In practical orthography, an ad hoc symbol (IPA|‼) is used for the retroflex clicks; a nasal click with a velar rear articulation is (IPA|ŋ͡‼) or (IPA|ŋ͜‼), commonly abbreviated to (IPA|ŋ‼), (IPA|ᵑ‼) or (IPA|‼̃).The implicit symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is (IPA|ŋ͡) or (IPA|ŋ͜), abbreviated (IPA|ŋ), (IPA|ᵑ) or (IPA|̃).[1] Linguists who prefer the old IPA letters use the analogous Doke convention[2] of (IPA|ŋ͡ψ) or (IPA|ŋ͜ψ), abbreviated (IPA|ŋψ), (IPA|ᵑψ) or (IPA|ψ̃). For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are (IPA|ɴ͡‼, ɴ͜‼, ɴ‼, ᶰ‼), (IPA|ɴ͡, ɴ͜, ɴ, ᶰ) and (IPA|ɴ͡ψ, ɴ͜ψ, ɴψ, ᶰψ).Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. (IPA|ŋ) or (IPA|ᵑ); this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.[3]
Features of the retroflex nasal click:
Retroflex nasal clicks are only attested from two languages, Central !Kung[4] and Damin.
| Above: | Glottalized alveolar nasal click |
| Ipa Symbol: | ‼̃ˀ |
| Ipa Symbol2: | ᵑ‼͜ʔ |
| Ipa Symbol3: | ᵑ̊‼ˀ |
| Ipa Symbol4: | ᵑ‼ˀ |
| Showbelow: | no |
See main article: Glottalized click.
All Khoisan languages have glottalized nasal clicks. These are formed by closing the glottis so that the click is pronounced in silence; however, any preceding vowel will be nasalized.
pronounced as /navigation/