Narrow-spectrum antibiotic explained

A narrow-spectrum antibiotic is an antibiotic that is only able to kill or inhibit limited species of bacteria.^[1] Examples of narrow-spectrum antibiotics include fidaxomicin and sarecycline.

Advantages

• Narrow-spectrum antibiotic allow to kill or inhibit only those bacteria species that are unwanted (i.e. causing disease). As such, it leaves most of the beneficial bacteria unaffected, hence minimizing the collateral damage on the microbiota.^{[2] [3]}
• Low propensity for bacterial resistance development.^[4]

Disadvantages

Often, the exact species of bacteria causing the illness is unknown, in which case narrow-spectrum antibiotics can't be used, and broad-spectrum antibiotics are used instead. To know the exact species of bacteria causing the illness, clinical specimens need to be taken for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in a clinical microbiology laboratory.

See also

• Antimicrobial spectrum
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics

Further reading

• Repurposing CRISPR-Cas systems as DNA-based smart antimicrobials

Notes and References

1. Book: Hopkins SJ . 1997 . Drugs and Pharmacology for Nurses . 12th . 978-0-443-05249-1 . Churchill Livingstone.
2. Blaser M . Antibiotic overuse: Stop the killing of beneficial bacteria . Nature . 476 . 7361 . 393–4 . August 2011 . 21866137 . 10.1038/476393a . 2011Natur.476..393B . 205066874 . free .
3. Web site: Amanda B. . Keener. vanc . 9 May 2016 . Narrow-Spectrum Antibiotic Could Spare the Microbiome. 2020-06-07. The Scientist Magazine®. en.
4. Melander RJ, Zurawski DV, Melander C . Narrow-Spectrum Antibacterial Agents . MedChemComm . 9 . 12–21 . 2018 . 1 . 29527285 . 5839511 . 10.1039/c7md00528h .