Naxalbari should not be confused with Naxal.
| Naxalbari | |
| Website: | Naxalbari City |
| Settlement Type: | Village |
| Pushpin Map: | India West Bengal#India |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Naxalbari in West Bengal##Location of Naxalbari in India |
| Coordinates: | 26.6832°N 88.1996°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name1: | West Bengal |
| Subdivision Name2: | Darjeeling |
| Governing Body: | Naxalbari Gram Panchayat |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Elevation M: | 152 |
| Population Total: | 1618 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Languages |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +5:30 |
| Postal Code Type: | PIN |
| Postal Code: | 734429 |
| Area Code: | 0353 |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone code |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Lok Sabha constituency |
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | Darjeeling |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Nepali, Bengali, English |
| Blank2 Name Sec1: | Vidhan Sabha constituency |
| Blank2 Info Sec1: | Matigara-Naxalbari |
Naxalbari (also spelled Naksalbari) is a village in the Naxalbari CD block in the Siliguri subdivision of the Darjeeling district in the state of West Bengal, India. Naxalbari is known for being the site of a 1967 revolt that eventually led to the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency.
See main article: article and Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist). Naxalbari became famous for being the site of a left-wing poor peasants uprising in 1967, which began with the "land to tiller" slogan, an uprising continuing to this day (see Naxalite).
The Naxalbari uprising was triggered on 25 May 1967 at Bengai Jote village in Naxalbari when the police opened fire on a group of villagers who were demanding their right to the crops at a particular piece of land. The firing killed 9 adults and 2 unknown children. The CPI (ML) have put up busts of Lenin, Stalin, Mao and Charu Majumder on that piece of land. The spot has Bengai Jote Primary School next to it. There is a memorial column erected that has the names of the people who died during the police firing. The names are 1. Dhaneswari Devi (F), 2. Simaswari Mullick (F), 3. Nayaneswari Mullick (F), 4. Surubala Burman (F), 5. Sonamati Singh (F), 6. Fulmati Devi (F), 7. Samsari Saibani (F), 8. Gaudrau Saibani (M), 9. Kharsingh Mullick (M) and "two children".
Naxalbari is located at . It has an average elevation of 152 metres (501 feet).
The stretch of land, where Naxalbari is situated, lies on the Terai region at the base of the Himalayas. To the west of Naxalbari, across the border river Mechi lies Nepal. The entire stretch of the land surrounding Naxalbari is covered by farmlands, tea estates and forests and small villages consisting of an area of 182.02 km². The Naxalbari block has six Gram Panchayats (village councils), viz. Gossainpur, Lower Bagdogra, Upper Bagdogra, Hatighisha, Naxalbari and Moniram, from north to south. The population of the Naxalbari block was 144,915 in the year 2001.
The map alongside shows the Siliguri subdivision of the Darjeeling district. This area is spread across the foothills of the Himalayas and is a plain land gently sloping from north to south. While the northern part is mentioned as the Terai region, the larger southern portion forms the western part of the Dooars region. While 55.11% per cent of the population resides in rural areas, 44.89% resides in urban areas. On the western side, the Mechi River forms a long border with Nepal. On the eastern side the Mahananda River forms a short border with Bangladesh.[1] [2]
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full-screen map.
Naxalbari police station has jurisdiction over the Naxalbari CD block.[3] [4]
The headquarters of the Naxalbari CD block is at Naxalbari.[5]
According to the 2011 Census of India, Naksalbari had a total population of 1,618 of which 811 (50%) were males and 807 (50%) were females. There were 138 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate people in Naksalbari was 1,289 (79.67% of the population over 6 years).[6]
Naxalbari has a railway station on the Katihar–Siliguri line.[7] Daily trains run from New Jalpaiguri via Siliguri Town, Siliguri Junction, Matigara and Bagdogra. There are four trains running from New Jalpaiguri; New Jalpaiguri-Katihar Passenger, New Jalpaiguri-Aluabari-New Jalpaiguri DEMU Ring Rail, New Jalpaiguri-Balurghat DEMU and New Jalpaiguri-Radhikapur DEMU.
There is also a bus service from Siliguri Court More to Naxalbari.
Naxalbari's Panitanki neighbourhood is on Nepal's eastern border with India at Jhapa District, Province No. 1. There is a border crossing to the Kakarbhitta neighbourhood of Mechinagar municipality with a checkpoint for customs and crossing by third-country nationals while citizens of Nepal and India cross without restriction.
Naxalbari has two major government high schools, one for males and one for females, and one college. There are many public and private primary schools.[8]