Najafgarh Explained

Najafgarh
Pushpin Map:India Delhi
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in India
Coordinates:28.6125°N 76.9847°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Delhi
Subdivision Type2:District
Subdivision Name2:South West Delhi
Governing Body:Municipal Corporation of Delhi
Unit Pref:Metric
Population Total:1,365,152[1]
Population As Of:2011
Population Density Km2:auto
Demographics Type1:Languages
Demographics1 Title1:Official
Demographics1 Title2:Additional official
Timezone1:IST
Utc Offset1:+5:30
Postal Code:110043
Blank1 Name Sec1:Lok Sabha constituency
Blank1 Info Sec1:West Delhi
Blank2 Name Sec1:Vidhan Sabha constituency
Blank2 Info Sec1:Najafgarh
Blank3 Name Sec1:Civic agency
Blank3 Info Sec1:MCD

Najafgarh is a town in the South West Delhi district of National Capital Territory of Delhi, India. It is one of the three subdivisions of the Southwest Delhi district.[2] Najafgarh is located on outskirts of NCT Delhi in south western part of Delhi sharing its territory limits with Gurgaon and Bahadurgarh, in Haryana.

History

Before the foundation of modern Najafgarh, the site was occupied by the town of Mas'ūdābād.[3] Mas'ūdābād was listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a pargana in sarkar Delhi. It was assessed at 2,809,156 dams in revenue and supplied a force of 30 cavalry and 30 infantry. It was described as having an old brick fort and a prominent Jat population.[4]

Najafgarh was named after Mirza Najaf Khan[5] [6] (1723–1782) the commander-in-chief of the Mughal Army under the Emperor Shah Alam II.[7] [8] He marched several kilometres from the capital of Shahjahanabad to establish a military outpost, which would guard Delhi against attacks by British, Rohillas and Sikhs. He built a strong fort,[9] in the suburbs beyond the capital city, and settled a small number of the Mughal here. That fort was later named Najafgarh.[10] After the death of Najaf Khan, Najafgarh later became a fortified stronghold of the Rohilla Afghan chieftain Zabita Khan.[11]

During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, and as a part of the Siege of Delhi,[12] the Battle of Najafgarh took place on 25 August 1857[13] between Indian rebels and East India Company soldiers.[14] Approximately 800 people were killed.[15] After the defeat of the Mughal troops in 1857, Delhi came under the control of the British Empire in 1858. Najafgarh became a part of Delhi district[16] of the Delhi Division of Punjab Province. Delhi was transferred from the North-Western Provinces (later the United Provinces) to Punjab by the British Government in 1859.[17]

In 1861, the North-Western Provinces education system was abolished in Delhi, and a new system for schools modelled on the Punjab education system was introduced by W.M. Holroyd, the Inspector of Schools for the Ambala Division.[18] New schools were opened at Narela, Najafgarh, Mehrauli and their suburbs. Several schools were opened in the following decades. The Delhi Normal School was shifted to Najafgarh from Kashmere Gate in 1911.[19] The Delhi Normal School, with a small attached Model School,[20] trained its teachers in closer accordance with European methods than any other Normal School in Northern India.[21]

In 1947, Najafgarh became a part of independent India and fell under the union territory of Delhi. Najafgarh Assembly Constituency was established in 1993 when the Delhi legislative assembly was re-established after the Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment Act, 1991) came into force. This declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as National Capital Territory of Delhi.[22] Najafgarh is now one of the most populous electoral regions in the National Capital Region of India (NCR). Najafgarh is surrounded by 70 villages bordering Haryana. The borders are 10km (10miles) to 15km (09miles) from the main Najafgarh Market.

Geography

Najafgarh is located at [23] in the South West Delhi district in the NCT of Delhi. Najafgarh is situated 29km (18miles) Southwest of the New Delhi City Centre and 10km (10miles) northwest to the district headquarters at Dwarka. It has an average elevation of 218m (715feet) above mean Sea Level.[24] Najafgarh Drain, the continuation of the Sahibi River and an elongation of the Najafgarh Lake is the Indian capital's most polluted body of water[25] due to the direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board classifies this drain, with 13 other highly polluted wetlands, under category ‘‘D’’ for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.[26] [27]

Demographics

As of 2011 India census, the population of Najafgarh is 1,365,152.[1] Female sex Ratio is of 872 against Delhi's average of 868. Moreover, the Child Sex Ratio in Najafgarh is around 832 compared to Delhi's average of 871.[1] The literacy rate is 88.1%.[1] Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 12.60% of total population in Najafgarh.

Government and politics

Delhi Legislative Assembly

See main article: Najafgarh Assembly constituency. The Najafgarh constituency of the Delhi Legislative Assembly was created in 2008 based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.[28]

Kailash Gahlot of the Aam Aadmi Party has been its representative since 2015, defeating Bharat Singh of the Indian National Lok Dal. The Najafgarh assembly constituency is part of the West Delhi (Lok Sabha constituency).

Transport

Indira Gandhi International Airport is the nearest international airport to Najafgarh.

Najafgarh is connected by roads with major destinations all over Delhi and Haryana. The DTC (Delhi Transport Corporation) and DIMTS (Delhi Multi-Model Transit System) provide bus services from Najafgarh Bus Terminal to the other parts of Delhi. In October 2019, a new metro line called the Grey Line was linked from Dwarka to Najafgarh, taking the rapid transit system to the area for the first time. The line was further extended to Dhansa Bus Stand in September 2021, thereby linking the interior rural areas of Najafgarh.

Landmarks

Notable People

first chief minister of Delhi.[29]

Cricketer, born in Najafgarh[30] [31] [32]

Wrestler, born in Baprola Village, Najafgarh[33] [34]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Census of India 2011 Primary Census Abstract. Government of India. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131114002057/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/PCA_Highlights/pca_highlights_file/Delhi/DATA_SHEET_PCA_SUB-DISTRICTS_NCT_OF_DELHI.pdf. 14 November 2013.
  2. Web site: South West District. Delhi.gov.in. 23 September 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160915182646/http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_southwest/South%2BWest%2BDistrict/Home/District%2BAdministration. 15 September 2016.
  3. Book: Habib . Irfan . An Atlas of the Mughal Empire . 1982 . Oxford University Press . 0195603796 . 26 March 2023.
  4. Book: Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak . Jarrett . Henry Sullivan . The Ain-i-Akbari . 1891 . Asiatic Society of Bengal . Calcutta . 21 January 2021.
  5. Book: Chenoy. Shama Mitra. Shahjahanabad: A City of Delhi, 1638–1857. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. 9788121508025. 109. en. 1998.
  6. Web site: Welcome to Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi. https://web.archive.org/web/20100919175447/http://delhigovt.nic.in/. dead. 19 September 2010. Delhigovt.nic.in. 10 December 2021.
  7. Book: Qanung. K R. Singh. Vir. History of the Jats (Upto The Death Of Mirza Najaf Khan, 1782).
  8. Book: Gupta. Hari Ram. A History of the Sikhs, from Nadir Shah's Invasion to the Rise of Ranjit Singh, 1739–1799: Cis-Sutlej Sikhs, 1769–1799. 1944. Minerva Book Shop. Punjab. 23 September 2016. en.
  9. Book: Burton-Page. John. Indian Islamic Architecture: Forms and Typologies, Sites and Monuments. 2008. BRILL. 978-9004163393. en.
  10. Book: Spear. Thomas George Percival. Gupta. Narayani. Sykes. Laura. Delhi, its monuments and history. Oxford University Press. 9780195634600. en. 1994.
  11. http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/28802/60250107.pdf?sequence=1 Strategy Framework for Delhi beyond the Commonwealth Games 2010
  12. Book: Edwardes. Michael. Battles of the Indian Mutiny.. 1963. Pan Books.. London. 0-330-02524-4.
  13. Book: Haigh. R. H.. Turner. Philip Wilson. John Nicholson, the Battle of Najafgarh and the Siege of Delhi. Sheffield City Polytechnic, Department of Political Studies. en.
  14. Book: Dalrymple. William. The last Mughal : the fall of a dynasty, Delhi, 1857. 2006. Penguin, Viking. New Delhi. 0-670-99925-3.
  15. Book: Indian Mutiny 1857 – 58 – Vol. I. Asian Educational Services. 9788120619937. en.
  16. Web site: "Chapter 1: Introduction": Economic Survey of Delhi, 2005–2006. Planning Department, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi. 1 October 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20161113174155/http://delhiplanning.nic.in/Economic%20Survey/ES%202005-06/Chpt/1.pdf. 13 November 2016.
  17. Book: Gupta. Narayani. Delhi Between Two Empires, 1803–1931.. registration. 1981. Oxford University Press.
  18. Book: Sharma. Ajay Kumar. A History of Educational Institutions in Delhi. 2011. Sanbun Publishers. New Delhi. 9789380213149. en.
  19. Book: The Platinum Heritage- 1920–1955. 1955. Modern School Booklet. New Delhi.
  20. 'Final Memorandum by major W.R.M. Holroyd Regarding the Central Training College,' incld. in, Leitner to offg. sec. to the Government of the Punjab, 1 June 1878, no. 354, OIOC P/1148
  21. Book: Allender. Tim. Ruling Through Education: The Politics of Schooling in the Colonial Punjab. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 9781932705706. 239, 240. en. 2006.
  22. Web site: THE CONSTITUTION (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160821020032/http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend69.htm. 21 August 2016.
  23. Web site: Najafgarh, New Delhi, Delhi, India Map Lat Long Coordinates. Latlong.net. 23 September 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160923183638/http://www.latlong.net/place/najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-india-15870.html. 23 September 2016.
  24. Web site: Elevation of Najafgarh, New Delhi, Delhi, 110043 with altitude and height. 23 September 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160923193453/http://elevationmap.net/gaushala-rd-jatav-mohalla-dharampura-najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-110043-india?latlngs=%2828.612758704805795%2C76.9857109359375%29. 23 September 2016.
  25. News: Najafgarh basin is Delhi's most polluted area. 23 September 2016. Indianexpress.com. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100119214020/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/najafgarh-basin-delhis-most-polluted-area/558870/. 19 January 2010.
  26. News: City News, Indian City Headlines, Latest City News, Metro City News. The Indian Express. 10 December 2021.
  27. News: Najafgarh drain 11th among highly polluted industrial clusters. https://web.archive.org/web/20110912184105/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-25/pollution/28101026_1_industrial-clusters-industrial-hubs-najafgarh-drain. dead. 12 September 2011. The Times of India. 23 September 2016.
  28. Web site: Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008. The Election Commission of India. 549.
  29. Book: Puri. Yogesh. Party Politics in the Nehru Era: A Study of Congress in Delhi. National Book Organisation. 9788185135724. 147. en. 1993.
  30. Book: Garg. Chitra. Indian Champions: Profiles of Famous Indian Sportspersons. Rajpal & Sons. 9788170288527. 191. 23 September 2016. en. 2010.
  31. Book: Sen. Ronojoy. Nation at Play: A History of Sport in India. Columbia University Press. 9780231539937. 276. en. 27 October 2015.
  32. News: Dwivedi. Sandeep. The unlikely makeover of Virender Sehwag. 23 September 2016. The Indian Express. 11 January 2014. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161202123412/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/the-unlikely-makeover-of-virender-sehwag/. 2 December 2016.
  33. News: Man from Baprola achieved what 'Pocket Dynamo' did 56 years ago – The Times of India. 23 September 2016. The Times Of India. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170112174834/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/man-from-baprola-achieved-what-pocket-dynamo-did-56-years-ago/articleshow/15012468.cms. 12 January 2017.
  34. News: Sushil's journey: From mud pits to Olympic podiums. 23 September 2016. The Hindu. 12 August 2012. en-IN. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160217224545/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3758096.ece. 17 February 2016.

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