| Naboløs 1 | |
| Location: | Copenhagen |
| Client: | Danish Union of Teachers |
| Location Country: | Denmark |
| Coordinates: | 55.6777°N 12.5771°W |
| Completion Date: | 1799 |
| Architect: | Andreas Hallander |
Naboløs 1 is a Neoclassical property situated at the corner of the streets Neboløs and Læderstrlde, close to Gammel Strand, in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. Together with the adjacent buildings at Naboløs 3 and Gammel Strand 52, it was constructed by Hans Christian Ondrup as part of the rebuilding of the city following the Copenhagen Fire of 1795. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945.
The entire eastern side of Nabol's (now Naboløs 15) was formerly made up of one large property. On 11 October 1504, it belonged to Gaarden Peder Kempe. His widow Karina kept the property until her death after 24 July 1542. It was then passed to their son Roidker Kempe. In 1758, it was acquired by mayor Anders Knudsen Skriver. His widow Sidsel Poulsdatter kept the property after his death in 1579. After her own death in 1611, it passed to their son Christoffer Andersen (died 22 November 1617), an innkeeper and councilman, who was married to Anne Marcusdatter Hess. After her death it was sold to the Crowbn (19 September 1626. On 15 October 1636, it was ceded to Wiwiche Kruse. In April 1648, he transferred it to the son Ulrich Christian Gyldenløve til Ulrichsholm. On 16 December 1649, he ceded the property to Johan Stenkull. By Raadstuedom of 12 December 1670, the property was ceded to Clavs Condevin. After his death, it passed to his heir Hans Johansen. On 30 January 1676, he presented it to councilman and co-owner Bartholomeus Jensen. On 15 March 1677, Bartholomeus Jensen ceded the property to etatsråd Jørgen Elers and his wife Margrete Vandal. Elers is remembered for founding Elers' Kollegium in Store Kannikestræde. Their property was listed in Copenhagen's first cadastre of 1689 as No. 19 in Strand Quarter. After his death on 17 September 1700, ot passed to the University of Copenhagen. On 18 June 1707, it was sold to merchant Hans Jørgen Høserich. He owned the property until at least 1728.[1]
The property was again listed as No. 19 in the new cadastre of 1756. It was at that time owned by post inspector Peter Bech.[2]
The property was later acquired by wallpaper manufacturer and royal agent Abraham Moses Henriques (1721–1802). In October 1770, one of the apartments was let out to treasurer at Kurantbanken Rasmus Møller. The annual rent was 210 Danish rigsdaler plus a minor contrubution to the annual property taxes. Møller and his family lived in the building until authumn 1775. They moved after buying a property in Laksegade. Møller was later convicted of embezzlement against the banl.[3]
Abraham Moses Henriques' property was home to 25 residents in five households at the 1787 census. The owner resided in the building with his third wife Sara, their eight-year-old daughter, seven children from his second marriage (aged 13 to 21) and two maids.[4] Johan Frederik Leth (1838–1918), a colonel lieutenant at the Zealand Regiment, resided in the building with his two children (aged five and 18), a male servant and two maids.[5] Cay Hendrich Licht, a captain in the Norwegian Life Regiment, resided in the building with one servant and one maid.[6] Jacob Adler, a junk dealer, resided in the building with his wife Chatrine Marie.[7] Maria Cathrine Tykøv, widow of a gunmaker at the Royal Arsenal, resided in the building with her two daughters (aged 11 and 12).[8]
The property was destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1795, together with most of the other buildings in the area. The site was after the fire acquired by master builder Hans Christian Ondrup (1751–1814). He divided it into three separate properties. The building at the corner of Gammel Strand (No. 19A, now Gammel Strand 52) was constructed by him in 17961797. It was followed by No. 19B (now Naboløs 3 in 1798 and finally No. 19C at the corner with Læderstræde in 1798–1799.[9]
The property was before or shortly after its completion acquired by grocer (spækhøker) Rebecke Smith. She resided in one of the apartments with her two sons (aged 18 and 24) and one maid.[10] The property was listed as No. 18 in the new cadastre of 1806. It was at that time still owned by Smith.[2]
The property was by 1840 owned by Niels Hansen Øesterbye. He and his wife Abel Christine Hansen resided in the ground floor apartment to the left.[11] Carl Frederik Axelsen, a saddlemaker at the Royal Artillery, resided in the ground floor apartment to the right with his wife Frederikke Andrea Andersen, their two children (aged two and four) and one lodger.[12] Isael Salomonsen, a butcher (kjødudsælger), resided in the first floor apartment to the right with his wife Schanette Cohen, two daughters (aged 27 and 31) and one maid.[13] Salomon Israel and Gutmann Cohen (aged 54 and 64), two junk dealers, resided in the first floor apartment to the left with one maid and one lodger.[14] Marcus Behrendt Cohen, a junk dealer, resided in the second floor apartment to the left with his wife Sara Salomonsen, their two children (aged nine and 11), a 34-year-old niece and a maid.[15]
Lars Malmgreen, a master building painter, resided on the third floor to the right with his wife Thala Chirstine Petersen, a 17-year-old apprentice and three lodgers.[16] Ernst Techau, a master tailor, resided in the apartment on the second floor to the left with his wife Lovise Christine Wostmann and two children (aged two and seven).[17] Jens Petersen, a fruit seller, resided in one of two basement dwellings (corner) with his wife Caren Elisabeth Winther and their two children (aged four and 14).[18] Peter Martin Gøtz, a master shoemaker, resided in the other basement dwelling with his wife Marie Chrestine Hammer and their seven children (aged four to 16).[19]
At the time of the 1845 census, No. 18 was home to 56 residents.[20] Hans Hansen, a former farmer, was now residing in one of the ground-floor apartments with his wife Eline Sophie Hansen, their three children (aged two to six), his mother-in-law and one maid. Daniel Holst, a master shoemaker, resided in the other ground-floor apartment with his wife Kirstine Marie Bertelsen, their two sons (aged 13 and 17) and one lodger.[21] The now retired junk dealer Salomon Israel Salmonsen still resided in one of the first-floor apartments. Niels Madsen Høybye, a hatter, resided in the other first-floor apartment with his wife Conradine Nielsen, their two children (aged nine and 13) and six lodgers.[22] The other junk dealer Marcus Bernt Cohn still resided on the second floor with his family and lodgers.[23] Carl August Hamberg, a master painter, resided in one of the third-floor apartments with his wife Eline Cathrine Agerbundsen, their one-year-old son and Hamberg's mother Cathrine Hamberg. Kirstine Marie Møller, a 63-year-old widow employed with needlework, resided in the other third-floor apartment with her 31-year-old daughter and four lodgers.[24] The residents of the basement included the master shoemaker from the 1840 census, a bookprinter and a hatter.[25]
At the time of the 1860 census, No. 18 was home to 43 residents.[26]
At the time of the 1880 census, Naboløs 1 was home to 39 residents. Jens Arten Jessen, a clothing retailer, resided in one of the ground-floor apartments with his wife Alma Mariette Nathalie Jessen and his 19-year-old niece Dagmar Christensen. Carl August Gother, a glazier, resided in the other ground-floor apartment with his wife Nathalie Vilhelmine Gother and their two children (aged 10 and 13). Christen Svendsen, a grain merchant, resided in one of the first-floor apartments with his wife Inger Christine Svendsen and their two children (aged 11 and 20). Carl Vilhelm Salomon, a retailer, resided in the other first-floor apartment with his wife Oline Hansen Salomon and the clerk Julius Sophus T. Myller. Isak Jacob Jacobsen, a master craftsman, resided on the second floor with his wife Elna Axeline Jacobsen, their 11-year-old son Axel Jacob Jacobsen, one maid, Isak Salomonsen and Salomonsen's three sisters. Lars Christiansen, a workman, resided in the basement with his wife Bertha Christiansen, their daughter and one maid. Christoffer Petersen, a woodware retailer, resided in the basement with his wife Anna Marie Petersen and their four children (aged seven to 20).[27]
The building is constructed with four storeys over a walk-out basement. The building has a six-bays-long facade on Læderstræde. a seven-bays-long facade on Naboløs and a chamfered corner. The chamfered corner bay was dictated for all corner buildings by Jørgen Henrich Rawert's and Peter Meyn's guidelines for the rebuilding of the city after the fire so that the fire department's long ladder companies could navigate the streets more easily. A side wing extends from the rear side of the Naboløs wing along the south side of a small central courtyard. The dressed facade is finished with a belt course and a cornice. The main entrance in Naboløs is topped by a transom window with a wooden cartouche. The red tile roof features six dormer windows towards the street and four towards the yard. The roof ridge is pierced by two chimneys. The side wing has a monopitched mansard roof.[28]
The building contains two shops on the ground floor, one shop in the basement and eight condominiums (E/F Naboløs 1) on the upper floors.[28]