NSP5 (rotavirus) explained

NSP5 (nonstructural protein 5) encoded by genome segment 11 of group A rotaviruses. In virus-infected cells NSP5 accumulates in the viroplasms. NSP5 has been shown to be autophosphorylated.^[1] Interaction of NSP5 with NSP2 was also demonstrated.^[2] In rotavirus-infected cells, the non-structural proteins NSP5 and NSP2 localize in complexes called viroplasms, where replication and assembly occur and they can drive the formation of viroplasm-like structures in the absence of other rotaviral proteins and rotavirus replication.^[3]

There is no atomic-resolution structure of NSP5 determined as of June 2019. However, the low resolution three-dimensional structure of the NSP2-NSP5 assembly has been observed by cryo-EM. NSP5 occupies the same site as RNA when binding to NSP2. The EM data from this 2006 study has not been published.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Afrikanova I, Miozzo MC, Giambiagi S, Burrone O . Phosphorylation generates different forms of rotavirus NSP5 . The Journal of General Virology . 77 (Pt 9) . 9 . 2059–65 . September 1996 . 8811003 . 10.1099/0022-1317-77-9-2059 . free .
2. Afrikanova I, Fabbretti E, Miozzo MC, Burrone OR . Rotavirus NSP5 phosphorylation is up-regulated by interaction with NSP2 . The Journal of General Virology . 79 . 11 . 2679–86 . November 1998 . 9820143 . 10.1099/0022-1317-79-11-2679 . free .
3. Fabbretti E, Afrikanova I, Vascotto F, Burrone OR . Two non-structural rotavirus proteins, NSP2 and NSP5, form viroplasm-like structures in vivo . The Journal of General Virology . 80 (Pt 2) . 2 . 333–9 . February 1999 . 10073692 . 10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-333 . free .
4. Jiang X, Jayaram H, Kumar M, Ludtke SJ, Estes MK, Prasad BV . Cryoelectron microscopy structures of rotavirus NSP2-NSP5 and NSP2-RNA complexes: implications for genome replication . Journal of Virology . 80 . 21 . 10829–35 . November 2006 . 16928740 . 1641785 . 10.1128/JVI.01347-06 .