KLRB1 explained

Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B, member 1, also known as KLRB1, NKR-P1A or CD161 (cluster of differentiation 161), is a human gene.^[1]

Function

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that mediate cytotoxicity and secrete cytokines after immune stimulation. Several genes of the C-type lectin superfamily, including the rodent NKRP1 family of glycoproteins, are expressed by NK cells and may be involved in the regulation of NK cell function. The KLRB1 protein contains an extracellular domain with several motifs characteristic of C-type lectins, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. The KLRB1 protein, NKR-P1A or CD161, is classified as a type II membrane protein because it has an external C terminus. NKR-P1A, the receptor encoded by the KLRB1 gene, recognizes Lectin Like Transcript-1 (LLT1) as a functional ligand. Its engagement by NKR-P1 leads to clustering of the latter on the NK cell surface mediating an inhibitory signalling.^[2]

Further reading

• Smith FB, Connor JM, Lee AJ, Cooke A, Lowe GD, Rumley A, Fowkes FG . Relationship of the platelet glycoprotein PlA and fibrinogen T/G+1689 polymorphisms with peripheral arterial disease and ischaemic heart disease . Thrombosis Research . 112 . 4 . 209–16 . 2004 . 14987913 . 10.1016/j.thromres.2003.11.010 .
• Lanier LL, Chang C, Phillips JH . Human NKR-P1A. A disulfide-linked homodimer of the C-type lectin superfamily expressed by a subset of NK and T lymphocytes . Journal of Immunology . 153 . 6 . 2417–28 . September 1994 . 10.4049/jimmunol.153.6.2417 . 8077657 . 13469677 . free .
• Poggi A, Costa P, Morelli L, Cantoni C, Pella N, Spada F, Biassoni R, Nanni L, Revello V, Tomasello E, Mingari MC, Moretta A, Moretta L . Expression of human NKRP1A by CD34+ immature thymocytes: NKRP1A-mediated regulation of proliferation and cytolytic activity . European Journal of Immunology . 26 . 6 . 1266–72 . June 1996 . 8647203 . 10.1002/eji.1830260613 . 25743796 .
• Renedo M, Arce I, Rodríguez A, Carretero M, Lanier LL, López-Botet M, Fernández-Ruiz E . The human natural killer gene complex is located on chromosome 12p12-p13 . Immunogenetics . 46 . 4 . 307–11 . 1997 . 9218532 . 10.1007/s002510050276 . 33359663 .
• Poggi A, Costa P, Zocchi MR, Moretta L . Phenotypic and functional analysis of CD4+ NKRP1A+ human T lymphocytes. Direct evidence that the NKRP1A molecule is involved in transendothelial migration . European Journal of Immunology . 27 . 9 . 2345–50 . September 1997 . 9341779 . 10.1002/eji.1830270932 . 86644924 .
• Poggi A, Rubartelli A, Moretta L, Zocchi MR . Expression and function of NKRP1A molecule on human monocytes and dendritic cells . European Journal of Immunology . 27 . 11 . 2965–70 . November 1997 . 9394825 . 10.1002/eji.1830271132 . 7980170 .
• Poggi A, Costa P, Tomasello E, Moretta L . IL-12-induced up-regulation of NKRP1A expression in human NK cells and consequent NKRP1A-mediated down-regulation of NK cell activation . European Journal of Immunology . 28 . 5 . 1611–6 . May 1998 . 9603467 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199805)28:05<1611::AID-IMMU1611>3.0.CO;2-6 . free .
• Carlyle JR, Martin A, Mehra A, Attisano L, Tsui FW, Zúñiga-Pflücker JC . Mouse NKR-P1B, a novel NK1.1 antigen with inhibitory function . Journal of Immunology . 162 . 10 . 5917–23 . May 1999 . 10.4049/jimmunol.162.10.5917 . 10229828 . 25157113 . free .
• Ishihara S, Nieda M, Kitayama J, Osada T, Yabe T, Ishikawa Y, Nagawa H, Muto T, Juji T . CD8(+)NKR-P1A (+)T cells preferentially accumulate in human liver . European Journal of Immunology . 29 . 8 . 2406–13 . August 1999 . 10458753 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199908)29:08<2406::AID-IMMU2406>3.0.CO;2-F . 22753216 .
• Iiai T, Watanabe H, Suda T, Okamoto H, Abo T, Hatakeyama K . CD161+ T (NT) cells exist predominantly in human intestinal epithelium as well as in liver . Clinical and Experimental Immunology . 129 . 1 . 92–8 . July 2002 . 12100027 . 1906419 . 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01886.x .
• Iizuka K, Naidenko OV, Plougastel BF, Fremont DH, Yokoyama WM . Genetically linked C-type lectin-related ligands for the NKRP1 family of natural killer cell receptors . Nature Immunology . 4 . 8 . 801–7 . August 2003 . 12858173 . 10.1038/ni954 . 23775959 .
• Carlyle JR, Jamieson AM, Gasser S, Clingan CS, Arase H, Raulet DH . Missing self-recognition of Ocil/Clr-b by inhibitory NKR-P1 natural killer cell receptors . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 101 . 10 . 3527–32 . March 2004 . 14990792 . 373496 . 10.1073/pnas.0308304101 . 2004PNAS..101.3527C . free .
• Aldemir H, Prod'homme V, Dumaurier MJ, Retiere C, Poupon G, Cazareth J, Bihl F, Braud VM . Cutting edge: lectin-like transcript 1 is a ligand for the CD161 receptor . Journal of Immunology . 175 . 12 . 7791–5 . December 2005 . 16339512 . 10.4049/jimmunol.175.12.7791 . free .
• Rosen DB, Bettadapura J, Alsharifi M, Mathew PA, Warren HS, Lanier LL . Cutting edge: lectin-like transcript-1 is a ligand for the inhibitory human NKR-P1A receptor . Journal of Immunology . 175 . 12 . 7796–9 . December 2005 . 16339513 . 10.4049/jimmunol.175.12.7796 . free .
• Pozo D, Valés-Gómez M, Mavaddat N, Williamson SC, Chisholm SE, Reyburn H . CD161 (human NKR-P1A) signaling in NK cells involves the activation of acid sphingomyelinase . Journal of Immunology . 176 . 4 . 2397–406 . February 2006 . 16455998 . 10.4049/jimmunol.176.4.2397 . free .
• Christiansen D, Mouhtouris E, Milland J, Zingoni A, Santoni A, Sandrin MS . Recognition of a carbohydrate xenoepitope by human NKRP1A (CD161) . Xenotransplantation . 13 . 5 . 440–6 . September 2006 . 16925668 . 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2006.00332.x . 11573/239293 . 36862954 .
• Rosen DB, Cao W, Avery DT, Tangye SG, Liu YJ, Houchins JP, Lanier LL . Functional consequences of interactions between human NKR-P1A and its ligand LLT1 expressed on activated dendritic cells and B cells . Journal of Immunology . 180 . 10 . 6508–17 . May 2008 . 18453569 . 2577150 . 10.4049/jimmunol.180.10.6508 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: KLRB1 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B, member 1.
2. Bláha . Jan . Skálová . Tereza . Kalousková . Barbora . Skořepa . Ondřej . Cmunt . Denis . Grobárová . Valéria . Pazicky . Samuel . Poláchová . Edita . Abreu . Celeste . Stránský . Jan . Kovaľ . Tomáš . Dušková . Jarmila . Zhao . Yuguang . Harlos . Karl . Hašek . Jindřich . 2022-08-26 . Structure of the human NK cell NKR-P1:LLT1 receptor:ligand complex reveals clustering in the immune synapse . Nature Communications . en . 13 . 1 . 5022 . 10.1038/s41467-022-32577-6 . 2041-1723 . 9418145 . 36028489. 2022NatCo..13.5022B .