North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers explained

North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers
Abbreviation:The Mining Institute
Formation:1852
Status:Royal Chartered Learned Society
Purpose:The advancement and promotion of Science, Technology and Engineering in the North
Location:Neville Hall, Westgate Road, Newcastle, NE1
Membership:Academics and Industrialists across Science, Technology, Engineering and Industrial History in the North and across the UK
Leader Title:President
Leader Name:Dr Andrew Dobrzański
Leader Title2:Hon. Secretary
Leader Name2:Dr Richard Curry
Leader Title3:Hon. Treasurer
Leader Name3:Dr David Bell

The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers (NEIMME), commonly known as The Mining Institute,[1] is a British Royal Chartered learned society and membership organisation dedicated to advancing science and technology in the North and promoting the research and preservation of knowledge relating to mining and mechanical engineering. The membership of the institute is elected on the basis of their academic and professional achievements with Members and Fellows entitled to the postnominal MNEIMME and FNEIMME. The Institutes’ membership is predominantly from local industry and from academics at Durham and Newcastle Universities, though members are also located further afield across the UK.

The institute was founded in 1852 in Newcastle upon Tyne, and was granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria in 1876. The Institute developed one of the largest collections of mining information in the world. Its library, named after the first President Nicholas Wood contains more than twenty thousand volumes of technical literature,[2] in the fields of mining, geology, mechanical engineering, government blue books, mine rescue, mineralogy, mineral chemistry, mining statistics, mining law, seismology and other related topics.

In 2019 the assets of the Institute – building, library and archive collections and staff – were transferred to a separate charity, The Common Room of the Great North, established to "celebrate the region's engineering history through education and engagement, with a vision to inspire the next generation of innovators and engineers". Neville Hall, the Institute building, was closed for refurbishment in 2019.[3]

The Institute itself continues as an independent professional membership organisation for engineers, and is currently developing a new strategy that aims to increase its activities.

History

Origins and Formation

The origins of the Institute stem from William Turner, minister of the Hanover Square Chapel,[4] just behind the position of Newcastle railway station. He began Newcastle's first Sunday School, 'a focus of light and learning' for the town. One of his students, John Buddle, became a viewer (mining engineer) and wealthy mine owner, and member of the Literary and Philosophical Society and the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle upon Tyne (now the Natural History Society of Northumbria). Buddle became a major influence on the Durham and Northumberland Coalfield, "the King of the Coal Trade". In 1816, Buddle devised a system of diverting underground ventilating currents that is in use today. He did not live to see the impact of his legacy, as he died in 1843, nine years before the founding of the institute.[5] His papers and 'place books' were deposited at the institute.

Following an explosion at Felling in 1812, the Sunderland Society was set up to improve safety where gas was present in mines.[6] The committee secured the services of Sir Humphry Davy, inventor of the safety lamp, in 1815. Despite changes, explosions continued, culminating in a devastating explosion at St Hilda Colliery in which 52 persons were killed. The South Shields Committee recommended the introduction of government inspections of mines the education of mechanical engineers, leading to the Coal Mines Inspection Act 1850 (13 & 14 Vict. c. 100).[7] A coroner's court held at the Mill Inn at Seaham in 1852 suggested it would be advantageous to form a society to consider the prevention of accidents in coal mines.

At a meeting of “colliery owners, viewers, and others interested in the Coal Trade” on 3 July 1852, it was proposed to form a society to discuss the ventilation of coalmines, prevention of accidents and other items connected with the general working of coalmines. It was to be called "The North of England Society for the Prevention of Accidents and for other purposes connected with mining", and Nicholas Wood would be chairman.[8] The title actually adopted was the North of England Institute of Mining Engineers, changed in 1870 to North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers.[9] A committee was appointed to draw up rules and the inaugural meeting was held on 3 September 1852 at which Wood delivered the inaugural address at the lecture theatre of the Literary and Philosophical Society. In this address he gave the aims of the Institute:

Wood was president from the institute's inauguration in 1852 until 19 December 1865 when he died aged 70.

A Royal Charter was awarded by Queen Victoria incorporating the Institute in the 28th of November 1876.

A School of Medicine founded in 1834, a predecessor of Newcastle University, occupied the site the institute was built on. It was in this building part of the 1838 British Association meeting was held. The College of Physical Science in Newcastle, linked to Durham University, was founded in 1871 following some years of discussion and promotion by the institute. Its classes were taught in the institute's lecture theatre. It was renamed Armstrong College and was for many decades part of the University of Durham, later to become Kings College and then Newcastle University.

Similar institutions to the Institute were set up in other parts of Britain and informal collaboration led to the creation in 1889 of the Federated Institution of Mining Engineers, comprising NEIMME; Chesterfield and Midland Counties Institution of Engineers; Midland Institute of Mining, Civil and Mechanical Engineers; South Staffordshire and East Worcestershire Institute of Mining Engineers and later the North Staffordshire Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers, the Mining Institute of Scotland and the Manchester Geological and Mining Society. The name was changed to the Institution of Mining Engineers in 1898. The constituent societies kept their identity within the national Institution and many, like NEIMME, exist today as local societies of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining.

20th Century

Historically the institute was concerned not just with measures to reduce accidents, but with the theory, art and practice of mining in general. So through meetings, presentation, discussion and publication of research papers, investigations, experimental work, and so on, the Institute tried to fulfil these aims. Working groups were set up, for example on tail ropes;[10] flameless explosives;[11] mechanical ventilators[12] and mechanical coal cutting.[13] [14] There were research committees on such as strata control, set up in 1924[15] and safety in mines reporting, for example on horse haulage.[16] In the 1900s there was also collaboration with Armstrong/Kings College in areas such as ventilation and mine lighting. The institute also worked with National Coal Board committees such as the Divisional Strata Control Research Committee.[17]

The Common Room of the Great North

During the later 20th Century NEIMME's role and importance declined as the coal industry changed and shrank in size. Its finances became precarious and by the beginning of the 21st Century its continued existence was in doubt. A working group of the Institute concluded that a widening of its role was needed and suggested it used its heritage and collections as a basis for a programme of training, conference, debates, etc. about the future engineering, cultural, infrastructure and so on of the North East. A working title for the new body was the Great North Institute.[18] Heritage Lottery grants enabled the development of the ideas and the creation of a new charity and limited company now named The Common Room of the Great North. and then funded extensive refurbishment of the building. The building now has various spaces for events, family activities, lectures, meetings, weddings and other celebrations.[19] Neville Hall and the NEIMME Library collections - books, journals, reports, maps, photographs, archives, etc. - all legally transferred to The Common Room on 1 March 2019. There is a continuing digitisation programme of archives and other resources in the collection and a process to provide online access to digitised material is being developed.

A Rejuvenated Institute (2020 Onwards)

For its 170th anniversary the institute developed a new strategy to rejuvenate itself and take it forward to its 180th in 2023. New collaborations with IOM3, the Geological Society, the Institute of Corrosion, IMechE, ICE, IET, IFE, as well as the IMarEst and RINA were forged leading to a series of conferences on 'Northern Energy Transitions Conference' with the Durham Energy Institute and the 'Legacies of Mineral Extraction and Sustainability Opportunities' conferences in 2021, the 2023 'Integrity Engineering for a Sustainable Future' conference joint with the Institute of Corrosion, and the 2024 'Supporting the Future of Northern Semiconductor Industries' with the North East Advanced Materials Electronics cluster.

The Institute now offers small grants to members to help them undertake professional development activities, and alongside the Midlands Institute of Mining Engineers jointly awards the Tunnicliffe Medal which recognises the achievement of Early Career Engineers. It supports engineers, scientists and technicians through its CPD events and Early Career Group, as well as offering mentoring opportunities to support Professional Chartership. The Institute continues to produce publications, with the 2023 publication on new archaeological evidence from the Willington Waggonway which presents an alternative view of the history of railways from the traditional one which begins with George Stephenson and the Stockton and Darlington Railway.

Institute building

In early years meetings of the Institute were held in the Literary and Philosophical Society and other local premises, but the need for its own building became apparent. Robert Stephenson, son of George Stephenson, a colleague and contemporary of Nicholas Wood, was his pupil at Killingworth Colliery[20] and when Robert Stephenson died in October 1859 he left £2000 to the Institute which started a fund to build its permanent home. In 1867 plans were made and the building constructed in 1869–72 in Grainger's new town on the site of the medical school on land traditionally held by the Dukes of Westmorland, the Nevilles. It comprises the Wood Memorial Hall containing the Library, lecture theatre and other small rooms and Neville Hall which was primarily office space that from the beginning until recently was let to various mining and other organisations, such as the Coal Trade Association, Blyth and Tyne Railway, Freemasons and the Law Society.

The architect was Archibald Matthias Dunn, whose father, mining engineer and Mines Inspector Matthias Dunn, had been present at the institute's inaugural meeting. It was built at the height of the English Gothic Revival and shows a mixture of gothic and Tyneside Classical themes. The Library has high windows and a sky lit barrel-vaulted ceiling - the highest point 39 ft above the floor - with stained glass windows by Cooke of London. It includes a monumental statue of Nicholas Wood mounted on a throne in the setting of an iconstasis. There are other works of art including marble busts of John Buddle and Thomas Forster, the institute's second president[2] and a carving of the River God Tyne including the Institute motto Moneo et munio - I advise and I protect. The original lecture theatre was replaced by the current one in 1902 designed by local architects Cackett and Burns Dick, and modelled on that at the Royal Institution in London. It features a steep rake of seating constructed from Cuban mahogany and the walls display portraits of all the institute's Presidents since 1852.

Activities

Membership and Postnominals

The institute is a Royal Chartered membership organisation with members drawn from local industry and academia. The institute has particularly good links with Durham and Newcastle Universities and with the local geotechnical industry. The Institutes' higher membership grades are judged upon academic and professional achievements, with unqualified but interested members of the public able to join in the lower category. The membership grades are:

Professional and Public Lectures

The institute has a monthly series of public lectures public lectures on developments in science and technology. These lectures range in topic from current and historical mining projects, active industrial developments with speakers from manufacturing industries, and research talks given by local PhD students. The Institutes' Younger Members Group arranges lectures and events for under-35s.

The institute also arranges field trips to sites of geological and industrial interest for its members. Many of the Institutes' members have conducted research into the North Pennine Orefield with trips to mines and geological outcrops recorded in its Transactions since the late 1800s to the present day.

Partnerships with other Organisations

The institute works with other learned and professional organisations to provide its members and the wider public with lectures and events across a range of disciplines. The institute is a 'local society' of the IOM3 and runs events promoting the study and research of materials science. The Institute holds an annual joint-lecture with the Geological Society of London on strategic geological topics, and has had links with the Society dating back to the 1800s when the British Association meeting was held in Newcastle. The institute also holds joint events with the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland on applied mineralogy and petrology subjects, with the Stephenson Locomotive Society on industrial heritage and transport topics, as well as the Institute of Corrosion, and Institution of Civil Engineers.

Library collections and Publishing

The collections include books, statistical compendia, Mines Inspectors reports, journals, Government committee reports, archives, tracts, maps, photographs, technical reports, artworks and there is a searchable catalogue.[21] In recent years library material has been transferred to the Institute following the closure of institutions such as the NCB Coal Research Establishment at Stoke Orchard, the NCB Mining Research and Development Establishment at Bretby, the British Coal Utilisation Research Association and the Centre for Lifelong Learning at the University of Newcastle.

The Institute regularly publishes articles in its online Transactions on topics ranging from mining engineering and industrial heritage, to materials science and industrial policy.

Governance

The institute is governed by a Council - as dictated by the Royal Charter - comprising the President, two Vice Presidents, the Honorary Secretary, the Honorary Treasurer, the immediate fifteen Past Presidents, and members elected from the membership. The current Council is composed of professional mining engineers and coal miners from the North East collieries as well as representatives from the local geotechnical industry, academics from Durham University, industrial historians, and active exploration geologists.

Other uses of the building

In recent years the main hall of the institute has also been used as a 100-capacity music venue, predominantly by local bands. The space has been described as "brilliantly atmospheric",[22] and "an intimate setting for live music".[23] The Mining Institute has also been used as a venue for Home Gathering Festival[24] and is also available for conferences and weddings.The Institute building was closed for refurbishment but reopened in July 2021.[25]

Notable members

Presidents

The President of the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers chairs the Council of the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers (NEIMME) and its formal meetings.

The first president was Nicholas Wood in 1852. Since then the post has been held by many distinguished engineers, scientists and industrialists.

Image Name Start year End year Profession Note Reference
1 1852 1866 Colliery and steam locomotive engineer [26] [27] [28]
2 1866 1868 Mining Engineer [29] [30]
3 1868 1869 Coal Miner, MP [31] [32]
4 1869 1872 [33] [34]
5 1872 1875 [35] [36]
6(a) 1875 1878 Managing director of Hetton Collieries, North Hetton Coal Company and Harton Coal Company Also President of the Durham Coalowners’ Association [37] [38]
7 1878 1881 Mining Engineer [39] [40]
8 1881 1884 Consulting Engineer [41] [42]
9 John Daglish 1884 1886 Colliery Viewer [43] [44]
10 1886 1888 Metallurgist [45] [46]
11 1888 1890 Mining Engineer [47] [48]
12 William Cochrane 1890 1891 Consulting Engineer [49] [50]
13 1891 1893 Mining Engineer [51] [52]
14 1893 1894 [53] [54]
15 Thomas Douglas 1894 1896 Mining Engineer [55]
16 George May 1896 1898 Member of the Durham Coal Owner's Association [56] [57]
17 William Armstrong 1898 1900 Mining Engineer [58] [59]
18 1900 1902 Mining Engineer Vice-chairman of Northumberland Coal-owners’ Association [60] [61]
6(b) 1902 1903
19 1903 1904 Mining Engineer [62] [63]
20 1904 1906 Mine Owner [64] [65]
21 John Herman Merivale 1906 1908 Mining Engineer Chair of Mining at the College of Physical Science. Awarded an honorary MA from Durham University in 1884 [66] [67]
22 1908 1910 Consulting Engineer Rowed for Cambridge in the Boat Race [68] [69]
23 1910 1912 Mining Engineer Manager and Director of Wearmouth Colliery, Sunderland [70] [71]
24 1912 1914 Mine Manager and Chief Engineer During the First World War he commanded several territorial battalions and served in France in 1918 (being made a CBE). [72] [73]
25 1914 1916 Mine Surveyor [74] [75]
26 1916 1917 Shaft Sinker Officer in the Volunteer Battalion of the Durham Light Infantry reaching the rank of Colonel [76] [77]
27 John Simpson 1917 1919 Mine Manager [78] [79]
28(a) 1919 1921 Mining Engineer Pioneer of electrification of collieries and of adapting mechanized mining to thin seams. Commander and later Honorary Colonel of the 9th Durham Light Infantry [80] [81]
29 1921 1923 Mine Owner [82]
30 1923 1924 Mine Manager [83] [84]
31 1924 1925 Mining Engineer [85] [86]
32 1925 1927 Consulting Mining Engineer [87]
33 Mark Ford 1927 1929 Mining Engineer [88] [89]
34 1929 1931 Mine Agent [90] [91]
35 1931 1933 [92] [93]
36 1933 1934 Mine Manager [94] [95]
37 1934 1935 Mining Engineer [96] [97]
28(b) 1935 1936 [98]
38 1936 1937 Mine Manager Chief Officer of the Durham & Northumberland Collieries Fire and Rescue Brigade [99] [100]
39 1937 1938 Inspector of Mines [101] [102]
40 1938 1939 Mine Manager Director of Weardale Coal & Coke Company, South Hetton Coal Company and Easington Coal Company. [103] [104]
41 1939 1940 [105] [106]
42 1940 1941 [107] [108]
43 1941 1942 [109] [110]
44 1942 1944 [111] [112]
45 1944 1946 Consulting Mine Engineer In the First World War he served in the Tyne Electrical Engineers and was mentioned in despatches and awarded the Military Cross [113] [114]
46 Arthur Walker 1946 1948 [115]
47 1948 1950 Mine Manager [116]
48 1950 1952 Inspector of Mines [117] [118]
49 1952 1954 [119] [120]
50 1954 1955 [121] [122]
51 Robert Williams 1955 1956 Awarded the G.C.Greenwell Medal in 1925 for “A survey of a mining field with special reference to metalliferous mines” [123] [124]
52 1956 1957 Mining Engineer [125]
53 1957 1958 Mining Engineer [126]
54 1958 1959 Mining Engineer MBE in 1940 for war activities and OBE in 1964 for his work with the NCB[127] [128]
55 William Welsh 1959 1960 Mining Engineer [129]
56 1960 1961 Mining Engineer [130] [131]
57 1961 1963 Mining Engineer [132] [133]
58 1963 1964 Mine Surveyor [134] [135]
59 1964 1965 Inspector of Mines [136] [137]
60 1965 1966 Mine Manager [138] [139]
61 1966 1967 Lecturer at Kings College, Durham University MSc from Durham University in 1948 for a thesis entitled 'The examination and suggested treatment for the concentration of fluorspar ore mined in County Durham' [140] [141]
62 1967 1968 Mining Engineer [142] [143]
63 1968 1969 Mine Manager [144] [145]
64 1969 1970 Mine Manager In 1960 he was awarded the G.C.Greenwell Bronze Medal [146] [147]
65 Robert Williams 1970 1971 Mine Surveyor & Manager [148] [149]
66 1971 1972 Mine Manager [150] [151]
67 Edward Charlton 1972 1973 Mining Engineer [152] [153]
68 1973 1974 Mine Manager Educated at Sedbergh School and Durham University. In 1980 he was awarded the G.C.Greenwell Silver Medal for his paper on face mechanisation in the North East Area. [154] [155]
69 1974 1975 Chemist PhD in 1936 for research on the coking process. [156] [157]
70 1975 1976 Chemist [158] [159]
71 Harry Burn 1976 1977 Mining Engineer [160] [161]
72 Kenneth Kay 1977 1978 Mining Engineer [162] [163]
73 1978 1979 [164]
74 1979 1980 Mine Manager 1962 he was awarded the MBE for gallantry for assisting in the rescue of a trapped miner the previous December when he was Acting Manager at Whitwell. [165] [166]
75 1980 1981 Mine Manager [167] [168]
76 1981 1982 Mine Manager [169]
77 1982 1983 Mine Engineer [170] [171]
78 1983 1984 [172] [173]
79 1984 1985 [174] [175]
80 1985 1986 [176]
81 1986 1987
82 1987 1988
83 1988 1989 [177]
84 1989 1990 [178]
85 1990 1991 [179]
86 Derek Newton 1991 1992 [180]
87 1992 1993
88 1993 1994
89 1994 1995
90 Ian Smith 1995 1996
91 David Williams 1996 1997
92 John Ceiriog Hughes 1997 1998
93 John Harry Humphries 1998 1999
94 1999 2000
95 2000 2001
96 2001 2002
97 2002 2003
98 2003 2004 Hydrogeologist [181]
99 2004 2005
100 2005 2006
101 2006 2007
102 2007 2008
103 2008 2009
104 2009 2010
105 2010 2012
106(a) 2012 2013
107 2013 2014
108 2014 2015
109 2015 2017
106(b) 2017 2020
110 Steve Martin 2020

Main sources

54.9694°N -1.6143°W

Notes and References

  1. News: Henderson. Tony. Historic Newcastle hall opens its rooms to public for the first time. 11 July 2016. The Journal. 8 May 2014.
  2. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers The Mining Institute Renaissance - Anniversary Celebrations 1852–2002. 2002.
  3. Web site: The Mining Institute. . August 2021 . North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers . 15 April 2022.
  4. 'Protestant Dissent: Chapels and meeting-houses', Historical Account of Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Including the Borough of Gateshead (1827), pp. 370-414. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43362 Date accessed: 07 February 2014
  5. Hiskey, C.E. John Buddle (1773–1843): agent and entrepreneur on the North-East coal trade. MLitt thesis, University of Durham, 1978. Available online
  6. The first report of a society for preventing accidents in coal mines consisting of a letter to Sir Ralph Milbanke, Bart. Author: Buddle, John Milbanke, Ralph (Sir) Society for Preventing accidents in Coal Mines. (Sunderland) Newcastle upon Tyne : Printed by Edward Walker, 1814. NEIMME In: Tracts 3, p. 15-62; 53, p. 93-140; 60, p.1-48; 94 p. 61-108; Bell collection, 4, p. 71-107. With list of members.
  7. , Extracts from the North and South Shields Gazette
  8. Anderson, Wm. Meeting of Colliery Owners, Viewers, &c Transactions - North of England Institute of Mining Engineers 1 1852-3,1-2
  9. Report of the Rules Committee Transactions - North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers 19 1869-70, 99-100
  10. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers On the haulage of coal: being the report of the committee appointed by the Mining Institute to investigate the subject. 1869
  11. Kayll, A.C Report of the proceedings of the flameless explosives committee of the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers NEIMME, 1896
  12. Brown, M Walton Mechanical ventilators: report of the Committee of the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers and the Midland Institute of Mining, Civil and Mechanical Engineers Transactions - North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers 48 1898-99, 171-266; Transactions - Institution of Mining Engineers 17 1898-99, 482-576
  13. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Report of the committee upon mechanical coal cutting. Part 1 - Longwall machines. 1903
  14. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Report of the committee upon mechanical coal cutting. 1905
  15. North of England Institute Strata Control Research Sub-Committee Control of the strata in mining: investigations in the Durham and Northumberland Coalfield Mining Engineer 113 1953-54, 83-95
  16. North of England Safety in Mines Research Committee First report of an investigation into the causes of accidents due to haulage: derailments in horse-haulage operations Transactions - Institution of Mining Engineers 971938-39, 340-359
  17. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Centenary brochure, 1852-1952. 1952
  18. https://www.iom3.org/sites/default/files/The%20Great%20North%20Institute%20-20Heritage%20Vision%20and%20Transition%20Brochure.pdf Great North Institute brochure
  19. https://www.livingnorth.com/article/we-explore-norths-industrial-heritage-common-room-newcastle We Explore the North's Industrial Heritage at The Common Room in Newcastle
  20. Doubleday T. Memoir of the late Nicholas Wood, Esq. Transactions - North of England Institute of Mining Engineers 15 1866, 49–59.
  21. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Collections Accessed 30 August 2016.
  22. News: Whetstone. David. Singer songwriter Kathryn Williams lines up another North East gig. 11 July 2016. Evening Chronicle. 2 March 2016.
  23. News: Jeffery. Sarah. Independent music venues in the North East mapped: Where to see the best live music. 11 July 2016. Evening Chronicle. 21 December 2015.
  24. News: Jeffery. Sarah. The Unthanks' Home Gathering Festival returns to Newcastle with stellar-line-up. 11 July 2016. Evening Chronicle. 27 May 2016.
  25. News: Newcastle's Mining Institute reopens after £8.9m revamp . BBC News . 24 July 2021 .
  26. Web site: Past Presidents of the Institute . 17 March 2023. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers.
  27. The North of England Institute of Mining Engineers. Transactions. Vol. I.
  28. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Nicholas Wood . 1 November 2022.
  29. The North of England Institute of Mining . Transactions. Vol. XV.
  30. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Thomas Emerson Forster . 17 March 2023.
  31. The North of England Institute of Mining Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XVII.
  32. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Sir George Elliot Vanity Fair . 17 March 2023.
  33. The North of England Institute of Mining Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XVIII.
  34. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Edward Fenwick Boyd . 17 March 2023.
  35. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XXI.
  36. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Sir William George Armstrong . 17 March 2023.
  37. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XXIV.
  38. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Sir Lindsay Wood . 17 March 2023.
  39. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XXVII.
  40. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - George Clementson Greenwell . 17 March 2023.
  41. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XXX.
  42. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - George Baker Forster . 17 March 2023.
  43. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XXXIII.
  44. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - John Daglish Forster . 17 March 2023.
  45. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XXXV.
  46. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Isaac Lowthian Bell . 1 November 2022.
  47. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XXXVII.
  48. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - John Marley . 17 March 2023.
  49. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XL.
  50. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - William Cochrane . 17 March 2023.
  51. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XLI.
  52. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - John Bell Simpson . 17 March 2023.
  53. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XLIV.
  54. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Addison Langhorne Steavenson . 17 March 2023.
  55. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Thomas Douglas . 17 March 2023.
  56. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XLVI.
  57. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - George May . 17 March 2023.
  58. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. XLVIII.
  59. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - William Armstrong . 17 March 2023.
  60. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. LI.
  61. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - John George Weeks . 17 March 2023.
  62. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. LII.
  63. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - William Outterson Wood . 17 March 2023.
  64. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. LVI.
  65. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Thomas Walter Benson . 17 March 2023.
  66. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. LVIII.
  67. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - John Herman Merivale . 17 March 2023.
  68. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. LX.
  69. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Thomas Emerson Forster Jnr . 17 March 2023.
  70. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. LXI.
  71. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Matthew William Parrington . 17 March 2023.
  72. The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Transactions. Vol. LXIII.
  73. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - William Cuthbert Blackett . 17 March 2023.
  74. Book: Transactions . The North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers . 64. xvii. 17 March 2023.
  75. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Thomas Young Greener . 17 March 2023.
  76. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LIII.
  77. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Frank Coulson . 17 March 2023.
  78. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LIV.
  79. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - John Simpson . 17 March 2023.
  80. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LVIII.
  81. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Col Sir Frank Robert Simpson . 17 March 2023.
  82. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Charles Catterall Leach . 17 March 2023.
  83. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LXVII.
  84. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Samuel Hare . 17 March 2023.
  85. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LXX.
  86. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Philip Kirkup . 17 March 2023.
  87. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Arthur Morton Hedley . 17 March 2023.
  88. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LXXIV.
  89. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Mark Ford . 17 March 2023.
  90. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LXXIX.
  91. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Robert Simpson Anderson . 17 March 2023.
  92. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LXXXIII.
  93. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - William Cochran Carr . 17 March 2023.
  94. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LXXXVII.
  95. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Robert William Glass . 17 March 2023.
  96. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. LXXXIX.
  97. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Robert Simon Tate . 17 March 2023.
  98. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. XC.
  99. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. XCII.
  100. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Frederick Peter Mills . 17 March 2023.
  101. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. XCIV.
  102. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Thomas Greenland Davies . 17 March 2023.
  103. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. XCVI.
  104. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - George Raw . 17 March 2023.
  105. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. XCIX.
  106. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Richard James Weeks . 17 March 2023.
  107. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. C.
  108. Web site: Past Presidents of NEIMME - Stanley Walton-Brown . 17 March 2023.
  109. Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers. Vol. CI.
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  177. Parkins, J., Managing for Tomorrow, - Today, Presidential Address to the Institution of Mining Engineers North of England Branch, The Mining Engineer, Vol. 148
  178. Proctor, G., Some Aspects of the North East Area, Presidential Address to the Institution of Mining Engineers North of England Branch, The Mining Engineer, Vol. 149
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