| Ångermanland | |
| Mapsize: | 250px |
| Settlement Type: | Historical province |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Land |
| Subdivision Name1: | Norrland |
| Subdivision Type2: | Counties |
| Subdivision Name2: | Västernorrland County Jämtland County Västerbotten County |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 19,507 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 128,293 |
| Population As Of: | 31 December 2023 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal codes |
| Area Code Type: | Area codes |
| Demographics Type1: | Ethnicity |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Language |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Swedish (North Swedish) |
| Demographics Type2: | Culture |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Flower |
| Demographics2 Info2: | Heartsease |
| Demographics2 Title3: | Animal |
| Demographics2 Info3: | Beaver |
| Demographics2 Title4: | Bird |
| Demographics2 Info4: | — |
| Demographics2 Title5: | Fish |
| Demographics2 Info5: | Lavaret |
Ångermanland (in Swedish pronounced as /ˈɔ̂ŋːɛrmanˌland/ or in Swedish pronounced as /ˈɔ̌ŋːɛrmanland/)[2] is a historical province (landskap) in the northern part of Sweden. It is bordered (clockwise from the north) by Swedish Lapland, Västerbotten, the Gulf of Bothnia, Medelpad and Jämtland.
The name is derived from the Old Norse anger, which means "deep fjord" and is a reference to the deep mouth of the Ångerman River (Ångermanälven). In earlier times the province was known, in medieval Latin, as Angermannia.
The traditional provinces of Sweden, while remaining culturally and historically important, no longer serve as administrative or political entities. The heartlands of Ångermanland lie in today's Västernorrland County, with the remainder of the traditional province now forming part of Västerbotten and Jämtland Counties.
The heraldic description of the arms of Ångermanland is: Azure three Salmons naiant Argent finned Gules, the middle one counternaiant, which heraldic meaning is that the rivers have spawning grounds for salmon, i.e. two fish to the sea for each one up the river. The burgh of Peebles in Scotland also has a very similar coat of arms, with similar heraldic context but with a red background. The Ångermanland arms differ from those of Laholm in Halland County and of the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames in England, where salmon fishing and processing have been historically important, each of which have their three salmon naiant.
Ångermanland is the sixth largest of Sweden's provinces with an area of some 19,800 km2, of which around 1,000 km2 is water.
The nature of the western part of Ångermanland is greatly influenced by the presence of the Ångerman River. Although the province's soils are in general too barren for cultivation, there is arable farming in the areas adjoining the rivers – the Ångerman River in particular.
The coast of Ångermanland is mountainous and features an extensive archipelago with many steep islands, deep bays and fjords – among them the mouth of the Ångerman River. The landscape is generally accounted picturesque, particularly in the thickly wooded Ådalen region around the Ångerman River. The landscape is varied, with valleys, rocks, and bogs.
The largest town today is Örnsköldsvik, on the coast, with around 33,000 inhabitants. It is followed by Härnösand with 18,000.
The coast line on the Gulf of Bothnia, called the Höga Kusten, has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The land still rises at the rate of about one centimetre per year, as an effect of the last ice age that ended in the 7th millennium BC.
The population of Ångermanland is 130 923 as of December 31, 2019. It is distributed over three counties as follows:[3] [1]
| County | Population | |
|---|---|---|
| Part of Västernorrland County | 118 603 | |
| Part of Västerbotten County | 9 551 | |
| Part of Jämtland County | 2 769 |
Ångermanland is mentioned the first time in Historia Norwegie as "Angariuam", in 1170. It is thought to have been christened in the 12th century, as several runestones were erected in the 11th century. The Vitalie pirate brothers sieged the Styresholm fortress in 1398, holding the whole coast of Norrland. The Styresholm fort was however demolished in 1434 by the locals during the Engelbrekt Uprising. In 1490, districts Ångermanland, Alir, Sunded, Nordanstig and Medelpad constituted Storhälsingland. Härnösand receives city status in 1585. In 1721 Härnösand was burned to the ground by the Imperial Russian Navy.
In 1931 four demonstrators and one bypassing were shot to death in the Ådalen shootings. It resulted in the forming of the state police, stripping the military of policiary work. Lower Norrland received its first university in 2005 when the Mitthögskolan transformed into the Mid Sweden University (Mittuniversitetet). The university has its courses spread over four cities; Härnösand, Sundsvall, Örnsköldsvik and Östersund.
Ångermanland was historically divided into chartered cities and districts.
Football in the province is administered by Ångermanlands Fotbollförbund. Ice hockey is also popular, with Modo Hockey.