Myloplus Explained

Myloplus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Serrasalmidae found in tropical and subtropical South America, where they inhabit rivers and streams (both slow and fast-flowing).^[1] They are primarily herbivores, but also take some animal matter.^[1] Depending on the exact species, they reach up to NaNabbr=onNaNabbr=on in standard length. Adult males have a double-lobed anal fin and filamentous extensions on the dorsal fin, and both sexes (but especially males) can be brightly colored when breeding.^[1]

Species

There are currently 17 recognized species in this genus.^{[2] [3]} Many of these were formerly included in Myleus.^[2]

• Myloplus arnoldi C. G. E. Ahl, 1936
• Myloplus asterias (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844)
• Myloplus aylan Pereira, Ota, Machado, Collins, Ândrade, Garcia-Ayala, Jégu, Farias & Hrbek, 2024^[4]
• Myloplus levis (C. H. Eigenmann & McAtee, 1907)
• Myloplus lobatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
• Myloplus lucienae M. C. Andrade, Ota, Bastos & Jégu, 2016^[5]
• Myloplus nigrolineatus R. P. Ota, V. N. Machado, M. C. Andrade, R. A. Collins, I. P. Farias & Hrbek, 2020^[3] (Blackline myleus)
• Myloplus planquettei Jégu, Keith & Le Bail, 2003
• Myloplus rhomboidalis (G. Cuvier, 1818)
• Myloplus rubripinnis (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844) (Redhook myleus)
• Myloplus sauron Pereira, Ota, Machado, Collins, Ândrade, Garcia-Ayala, Jégu, Farias & Hrbek, 2024^[4]
• Myloplus schomburgkii (Jardine, 1841) (Disk tetra)
• Myloplus ternetzi (Norman, 1929)
• Myloplus tiete (C. H. Eigenmann & A. A. Norris, 1900)
• Myloplus torquatus (Kner, 1858)
• Myloplus tumukumak M. C. Andrade, Jégu & Gama, 2018^[6]
• Myloplus zorroi M. C. Andrade, Jégu & Giarrizzo, 2016^[7]

Notes and References

1. Book: van der Sleen, P. . J.S. Albert . 2017 . Field Guide to the Fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Guianas . Princeton University Press . 185-186 . 978-0691170749 .
2. Ota, R.P., Röpke, C.P., Zuanon, J. & Jégu, M. (2013): Serrasalmidae. In: Queiroz, L.J., Torrente-Vilara, G., Ohara, W.M., Pires, T.H.S., Zuanon, J. & Doria, C.R.C. (Eds.), Peixes do rio Madeira. Volume II, Santo Antonio Energia, São Paulo, 12–47.
3. Ota . Rafaela Priscila . Machado . Valéria Nogueira . Andrade . Marcelo C . Collins . Rupert A . Farias . Izeni Pires . Hrbek . Tomas . Integrative Taxonomy Reveals A New Species of Pacu (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae: Myloplus) from the Brazilian Amazon . Neotropical Ichthyology . 17 April 2020 . 18 . 1 . 10.1590/1982-0224-20190112 . free .
4. Pereira . VD . Ota . Rafaela Priscila . Machado . Valéria Nogueira . Collins . Rupert A . Ândrade . Marcelo C . Garcia-Ayala . Jégu . Miguel . Farias . Izeni . Hrbek . Tomas. Integrative taxonomy of the black-barred disk pacus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae), including the redescription of Myloplus schomburgkii and the description of two new species . Neotropical Ichthyology . 2024 . 22 . 2 . 10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0095 . free.
5. Andrade, M.C., Ota, R.P., Bastos, D.A. & Jégu, M. (2016): A new large Myloplus Gill 1896 from rio Negro basin, Brazilian Amazon (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae). Zootaxa, 4205 (6): 571–580.
6. Andrade, Marcelo C. ; Michel Jégu; and Cecile S. Gama (2018). A New Species of Myloplus Gill (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae) from the Tumucumaque Mountain Range, Brazil and French Guiana, with Comments on M. rubripinnis. Zootaxa. 4403(1); 111–122.
7. Andrade, M.C., Jégu, M. & Giarrizzo, T. (2016): A new large species of Myloplus (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae) from the Rio Madeira basin, Brazil. ZooKeys, 571: 153–167.