Muzaffarpur Explained

Muzaffarpur
Settlement Type:City
Nickname:Lychee City
Pushpin Map:India Bihar#India3
Pushpin Label Position:right
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in India
Coordinates:26.1225°N 85.3906°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1: Bihar
Subdivision Type2:District
Subdivision Name2:Muzaffarpur
Subdivision Type3:Division
Subdivision Name3:Tirhut
Established Title:Established
Established Date:1 January 1875
Seat Type:Municipal Corporation
Seat:Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation
Leader Title:Member of Parliament
Leader Name:Raj Bhushan Choudhary
Unit Pref:Metric
Area Total Km2:91
Elevation M:60
Population Total:354462
Population As Of:2011
Population Rank:4nd (Bihar)
127th (India)
Timezone1:IST
Demographics Type1:Language Other Local Language
Demographics1 Title1:Official
Demographics1 Info1:Hindi[1]
Demographics1 Title2:Additional official
Demographics1 Info2:English
Demographics1 Title3:Regional Languages
Demographics1 Info3:Maithili
Utc Offset1:+5:30
Postal Code Type:PIN
Postal Code:842001-05 (Muzaffarpur)[2]
Area Code:0621
Area Code Type:Telephone code
Registration Plate:BR-06
Blank1 Name Sec1:Sex ratio
Blank1 Info Sec1:890 (females per thousand males)♂/♀
Leader Title1:Member of Legislative Council
Leader Name1:Dinesh Prasad Singh
Leader Title2:Member of Legislative Assembly
Leader Name2:Vijendra Chaudhary[3]
Leader Title3:Mayor
Leader Name3:Nirmala Sahu
Blank2 Name Sec1:Literacy
Blank2 Info Sec1:85.16%
Blank3 Name Sec1:Lok Sabha constituency
Blank3 Info Sec1:Muzaffarpur
Blank4 Name Sec1:Vidhan Sabha constituency
Blank4 Info Sec1:Muzaffarpur

Muzaffarpur is a city located in Muzaffarpur district in the Tirhut region of the Indian state of Bihar.[4] [5] It serves as the headquarters of the Tirhut division, the Muzaffarpur district and the Muzaffarpur Railway District. It is the fourth most populous city in Bihar.

Muzaffarpur is famous for Shahi litchis and is known as the Lychee Kingdom.[6] [7] Shahi lychee is the fourth product from Bihar, after jardalu mango, katarni rice and Magahi paan (betel leaf) to get the Geographical Indication (GI) tag. The city is situated on the banks of the perennial Budhi Gandak River, which flows from the Someshwar Hills[8] of the Himalayas.

Etymology

The current city was established in 1875 during the British Raj for administrative convenience, by dividing the Tirhut district and was named after an aumil, Muzaffar Khan; thus the city came to be known as Muzaffarpur.[9]

History

The city was founded in 18th century during British Raj period and was constituted a municipality in 1864. A major road and rail hub, it is a trade centre on the route between Patna (south) and Nepal (north). Lychee, sweet corn, mango, vegetables, rice and sugar milling alongside cutlery manufacturing are the chief industries.[10]

In 1972, the Sitamarhi and Vaishali districts were split off from Muzaffarpur.[11]

Geography

Muzaffarpur is located at .[12] The city lies in a highly active seismic zone of India. In the disastrous earthquake on 15 January 1934, much of the town suffered severe damage and many people died.[13] It has an average elevation of 47 meters (154 feet). This saucer shaped, low-centered town lies on the great Indo-Gangetic plains of Bihar, over Himalayan silt and sand brought by the glacier-fed and rain-fed meandering rivers of the Himalayas.

Climate

Muzaffarpur has a humid subtropical climate (Cwa) under the Köppen climate classification. The summer, between April and June, is extremely hot and humid (28–40 °C, 90% max). and winter is pleasantly cool, around 06-20 °C. Rainfall in Muzaffarpur City is comparatively less compared to other parts of Bihar.

Demographics

As of the 2011 India census,[14] Muzaffarpur had a population of 393,724.[5] Males constituted 52.96% (208,509) of the population and females 47.04% (185,215).[5] Muzaffarpur had a literacy rate of 85.16%. Male literacy was 88.83%, and female literacy was 81.05%.[15]

As per 2011 census data, there are total 275,233 Hindus whereas 74,680 Muslims and 1,352 Christians along with other small minorities.[16]

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Muzaffarpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[17]

Lychee

The lychee crop, which is available from May to June, is mainly cultivated in the districts of Muzaffarpur and surrounding districts. Cultivation of litchi covers approximately an area of about 25,800 hectares producing about 300,000 tonnes every year. Litchi are exported to big cities of India like Mumbai, Kolkata, and even to other countries. India's share in the world litchi market amounts to less than 1%. The names of the litchi produced in Muzaffarpur are Shahi and China. The fruits are known for excellent aroma and quality.[18]

Bihar's contribution in the production of lychee in about 40 percent of lychee produced in India.[19]

Bihar has emerged as a brewery hub with major domestic and foreign firms setting up production units in the state. Vijay Mallya's group, United Breweries Group, is setting up a production unit to make litchi-flavoured wine, in Muzaffarpur in 2012. The company has leased litchi gardens.[20]

Muzaffarpur based Prabhat Zarda Factory is one of the leading tobacco manufacturers of India.[21]

Lahti Bangles

The production and sales of Lahti bangles is also very prominent in city. Bollywood actress Aishwarya Rai also wore the Lahti bangles of the city at her marriage. [22]

Transport

Railways

Muzaffarpur Junction railway station (MFP)[23] is a main A1 Category railway junction in Sonpur Division of East Central Railway, having total 8 platforms, with three suburban stations, Ram Dayalu Nagar, Narayanpur Anant (Sherpur), Kaparpura and Jubba Sahni. More than 200 trains regularly visits this 136+ year old railway junction.

Roads

National Highway 57 (India) comes via Gorakhpur, Motihari, Mehsi and crosses Muzaffarpur and National Highway 57 (India) goes to Darbhanga, Purnia. The East–West Corridor crosses Muzaffarpur thus connecting it to all the major towns and cities in India. National Highway 22 (India) starting from Hajipur passes through Muzaffarpur and connects Muzaffarpur to Sitamarhi. National Highway 28 (India) connects Mehsi and Muzaffarpur to Barauni, all 6 National Highways having junction there.

Airport

Muzaffarpur Airport (IATA: MZU, ICAO: VEMZ)[24] is located in Patahi of Muzaffarpur city (besides NH 722 Muzaffarpur - Chhapra (Rewa Ghat)) in the state of Bihar, India. It was operable from 1967 to 1982, on a regular basis. Currently it is not in operations, commercially.[25]

Darbhanga Airport is the nearest domestic airport roughly 64 km away by road. Patna Airport is the nearest customs airport roughly 70 km from the city.

Education

University

Colleges

Schools

Notable people

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: second Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India. nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. 21 December 2018. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf. 25 May 2017.
  2. Web site: Pin Codes of Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India, Muzaffarpur Pincode Search. indiapincodes.net.
  3. News: Muzaffarpurchunav 2020: क्या इस बार मंत्री जी लगाएंगे हैट्रिक या पूर्व विधायक विजेंद्र चौधरी करेंगे वापसी? . 18 November 2020 . Dainik Jagran . 1 November 2020 . hi.
  4. Web site: Cities having population 3 lakh and above . Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 . Government of India . 16 April 2012 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20120507135928/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf . 7 May 2012 . dmy-all .
  5. Web site: Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 3 lakh and above . Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 . Government of India . 16 April 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111113152754/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_3Lakh_and_Above.pdf . 13 November 2011 . dmy-all .
  6. News: Bihar's famous Shahi litchi to get GI tag soon. . 8 July 2018 .
  7. http://bstdc.bih.nic.in/Vaishali.htm Destinations :: Vaishali ::Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation
  8. Web site: bihar . Scribd.com . 2 August 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20121108174043/http://www.scribd.com/doc/54830331/8/A-River-System-in-Bihar . 8 November 2012 .
  9. Book: Faizi . Amir Afaque Ahmad . Self-help Groups and Marginalised Communities . 2009 . Concept Publishing Company . 978-81-8069-621-3 . 6 . 20 January 2020 . en.
  10. Web site: Muzaffarpur | India.
  11. Web site: Districts of India . 11 October 2011 . Law . Gwillim . 25 September 2011 . Statoids . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20111017155710/http://www.statoids.com/yin.html . 17 October 2011 . dmy-all .
  12. Web site: Maps, Weather, and Airports for Muzaffarpur, India. https://web.archive.org/web/20080321225654/http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/34/Muzaffarpur.html. dead. 21 March 2008. fallingrain.com.
  13. http://www.harappa.com/mom/dec98.html Bihar India Earthquake Movie, 15 January 1934
  14. Web site: Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional). https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. 16 June 2004. 1 November 2008. Census Commission of India.
  15. Web site: Wayback Machine . 2024-05-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120507135928/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf . 7 May 2012 .
  16. Web site: Muzaffarpur District Population, Bihar, List of Taluks in Muzaffarpur.
  17. Web site: Ministry of Panchayati Raj. 8 September 2009. A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme. National Institute of Rural Development. 27 September 2011. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf. 5 April 2012.
  18. Web site: 7. LYCHEE PRODUCTION IN INDIA . Fao.org . 31 May 1992 . 2 August 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20141117223239/http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/ac684e/ac684e08.htm . 17 November 2014 .
  19. Web site: Bihar is the top litchi producing State, about 300 thousand metric tonnes of litchi is being produced from 32 thousand hectare areas: Shri Radha Mohan Singh. pib.nic.in. 25 February 2021.
  20. News: Bihar emerging as brewery hub . Economic Times . 16 January 2012 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140524125923/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/cons-products/liquor/bihar-emerging-as-brewery-hub/articleshow/11509175.cms . 24 May 2014 . 16 January 2012 .
  21. News: Sinha . Nishant . Sale of tobacco products legal . 17 January 2020 . The Telegraph . 20 July 2016 . en.
  22. News: 2012-10-18 . Aishwarya Rai's Muzaffarpur connection . The Times of India . 2023-12-08 . 0971-8257.
  23. Web site: Muzaffarpur Jn . www.railyatri.in. 18 August 2022 . en.
  24. Web site: Muzaffarpur Airport . centreforaviation.com. 16 August 2022 . en.
  25. Web site: Muzaffarpur Airport (Bihar) . www.aai.aero . 16 August 2022 . en.
  26. Web site: DAV Public School . school.careers360.com . 26 February 2022 . en.
  27. Web site: D.A.V. Ppublic School . schools.org.in . 26 February 2022 . en.
  28. Web site: Holy Mission Senior Secondary School . school.career360.com . 30 September 2022. en.
  29. Web site: OXFORD SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL. school.career360.com . 30 September 2022. en.
  30. Web site: St. Joseph's Senior Secondary School . school.careers360.com . 13 August 2022 . en.
  31. Web site: St. Xavier International School . school.careers360.com . 26 February 2022 . en.
  32. Web site: Shanti Niketan Awasiya Bal Vidyalaya . school.career360.com . 30 September 2022. en.

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