| Mustafa Ould Salek | |
| Nationality: | Mauritanian |
| Order: | 2nd Chairman of the Military Committee for National Recovery |
| Term Start: | 10 July 1978 |
| Term End: | 3 June 1979 |
| Predecessor: | Moktar Ould Daddah |
| Successor: | Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly |
| Birth Place: | Kiffa, Assaba Region, Mauritania, French West Africa |
| Death Place: | Paris, France |
| Branch: | Mauritanian Army |
| Serviceyears: | 1960–1980 |
| Rank: | Colonel |
| Battles: | Western Sahara War |
| Native Name Lang: | ar |
Col. Mustafa Ould Salek (Arabic: المصطفى ولد محمد السالك; 1936 – 18 December 2012) was the president of Mauritania from 1978 to 1979.[1]
Mustafa Ould Mohamed Salek was appointed Army Commander by longtime President Moktar Ould Daddah in February 1978,[2] as the country faced dire economic crisis and was failing to contain the Polisario Front's Sahrawi guerrillas after invading and annexing Western Sahara in 1975 in alliance with Morocco.[3]
On July 10, 1978, Mustafa led a bloodless military coup d'état against President Moktar, and was appointed head of the 20-man junta, the Military Committee for National Recovery (CMRN) that was to rule and govern the country.[4]
Seen as pro-French and careful not to break his country's alliance Morocco, he failed to make peace with the Polisario (which had reacted to Daddah's downfall by entering into a unilateral ceasefire on the assumption that Mauritania would want to withdraw peacefully from the conflict). He also failed to address racial tension between southern Mauritanian Blacks and the northern Arab Moors, discriminating heavily in favour of the latter group, of which he was himself a member. Consequently, he became increasingly isolated within the regime and the CMRN. On April 6, 1979, a second coup by Colonels Ahmed Ould Bouceif and Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla reduced Mustafa to a symbolic and figurehead President in the replacement junta, the 24-man Military Committee for National Salvation (CMSN). On June 3, 1979, he was replaced as President by Colonel Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly.[5]
Between 1981 and 1984 he was imprisoned, and he later stood as an independent candidate in the 1992 presidential election, gaining 2.9% of the popular vote.
He died peacefully in Paris on December 18, 2012.[6]