Mustafa Dzhemilev Explained

Mustafa Jemilev
Order:1st
Office:Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar PeopleChairman of the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People
Term Start:1991
Term End:2013
Predecessor:Post established
Successor:Refat Cubarov
Office2:Commissioner of the President of Ukraine for the Affairs of the Crimean Tatar People
Term Start2:2014
Term End2:2019
Predecessor2:Post established
Successor2:Post is vacant
Office3:People's Deputy of Ukraine
Term Start3:1998
Term End3:Present
Convocation4:8th convocation
Constituency4:Petro Poroshenko Bloc, No.5
Term Start4:November 27, 2014
Term End4:August 29, 2019
Convocation5:9th convocation
Constituency5:European Solidarity, No.6
Term Start5:August 29, 2019
Birth Date:13 November 1943
Birth Place:Ay-Serez, Crimea, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Birthname:Mustafa Abdülcemil
Citizenship:Ukraine
Nationality:Crimean Tatar
Party:Rukh
Otherparty:Our Ukraine
Children:3
Blank1:Awards
Data1:



Order of the Republic
Order for Merits to Lithuania

Mustafa Abduldzhemil Jemilev (Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish: Mustafa Abdülcemil Cemilev, Мустафа Абдюльджемиль Джемилев, pronounced as /mustɑˈfɑ ɑbdyld͡ʒɛˈmil d͡ʒɛˈmilɛw/), also known widely with his adopted descriptive surname Qırımoğlu "Son of Crimea" (Crimean Tatar Cyrillic: Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish: Къырымогълу, pronounced as /qərəmɔɣˈlu/; born 13 November 1943, Ay Serez, Crimea), is the former Chairman of the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People[1] and a member of the Ukrainian Parliament since 1998. Commissioner of the President of Ukraine for the Affairs of the Crimean Tatar People (2014–2019).[2] He is a member of the Crimean Tatar National Movement and a former Soviet dissident.[3] [4]

Biography

Life in the Soviet Union

Dzhemilev was born on 13 November 1943 in Ay-Serez, Crimea, then Russian SFSR, though at the time under Nazi occupation. He was only six months old when his family, with the rest of the Crimean Tatar population, was deported by Soviet authorities in May 1944, soon after Soviet forces retook the peninsula.[5] He grew up in exile, in the Uzbek SSR.

At the age of 18, Dzhemilev and several of his activist friends established the Union of Young Crimean Tatars. He thus began the arduous and long struggle for the recognition of the rights of Crimean Tatars to return to their homeland. Between 1966 and 1986, Dzhemilev was arrested six times for anti-Soviet activities and served time in Soviet prisons and labor camps and lived under surveillance.[6] Dzhemilev is also remembered for going on the longest hunger strike in the history of human rights movements. The hunger strike lasted for 303 days, but he survived due to forced feeding.

He was expelled in the second year from the Tashkent engineers of irrigation and reclamation of agriculture "for unworthy behavior", namely the writing of historical work on the history of Turkic culture in the Crimea before the elimination of the Crimean Khanate from "nationalist" positions.[7]

In May 1989, he was elected to head the newly founded Crimean Tatar National Movement. The same year, he returned to Crimea with his family, a move that would be followed by the eventual return of 250,000 Tatars to their homeland.

Ukrainian politics

During the 1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election he was elected into the Ukrainian parliament on the Rukh list;[8] in 2002,[9] 2006[10] and 2007[10] he was re-elected as a member of Our Ukraine.[10]

Interior Minister Yuriy Lutsenko stated in October 2009 that a grouping related to Taliban and Al-Qaeda called "At-Takfir val-Hijra" had been preparing an attempt on Dzhemilev's life; two members of the group were arrested.[11]

In early November 2011, Dzhemilev announced his retirement from politics.[12] But during the 2012 parliamentary elections he joined the All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland" election list and was re-elected to parliament.[13] [14]

In the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Dzhemilev was re-elected into parliament after being in the top 10 of the electoral list of Petro Poroshenko Bloc.[15]

In the July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election Dzhemilev was placed sixth on the party list of European Solidarity.[16] He was reelected to parliament.[17] Dzhemilev is a member of the Committee on Human Rights, Deoccupation and Reintegration of Temporarily Occupied Territories in Donetsk, Luhansk Regions and Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol, National Minorities and Interethnic Relations.[18]

Russian annexation of Crimea

Dzhemilev was in Ankara during the Crimean referendum. After the preliminary results of the referendum were announced, he held a joint press conference with the Turkish foreign minister Ahmet Davutoğlu. Dzhemilev declared that the Mejlis had a stance identical with Turkey in considering the referendum illegal and claimed that the results were manipulated by Russia.[19]

In April 2014, Dzhemilev was handed a document on the Ukrainian border informing him he is banned by federal law from entering Russian territory for five years. The typewritten document was unsigned, with no official heading, and was made public by the Crimean Tatar parliament, the Mejlis.[20] A spokesman for the Russian Federal Migration Service (FMS) said the agency did not have any information on the travel ban.

Russian authorities then issued an arrest warrant for Dzhemilev and placed him on the federal wanted list, allegedly for trying to illegally cross the border when he attempted to return to Crimea.[21]

Awards

Dzhemilev has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize several times, by various NGOs and persons.[22] [23] [24]

In October 1998, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees awarded Dzhemilev the Nansen Medal for his outstanding efforts and "his commitment to the right of return of the Crimean Tatars." In an interview Dzhemilev gave shortly after receiving the Nansen Medal, he emphasized that "when violent means are used, innocent people die, and no just cause can justify the taking of innocent lives." The Crimean Tatar National Movement has been marked by persistent reliance on non-violence.

On 14 April 2014, Dzhemilev was awarded the Order of the Republic by Turkish President Abdullah Gül.[25]

On 3 June 2014, Dzhemilev was awarded as the first recipient of the Solidarity Prize, by the Republic of Poland.[26] [27]

See also

References

For more information about Mustafa Dzhemilev and related links to his interviews and writings, see the Web site of the International Committee for Crimea.

Interviews

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: BBC News – Regions and territories: Crimea. 22 November 2011. 21 January 2016.
  2. Web site: Commissioner of the President of Ukraine for the Affairs of Crimean Tatars. https://web.archive.org/web/20190421231147/https://www.president.gov.ua/en/administration/apu-structure/upovnovazhenij-prezidenta-ukrayini-u-spravah-krimskotatarsko. dead. 2019-04-21. 2019-04-21. 2020-05-25.
  3. News: Back into exile: The life of Mustafa Dzhemilev is a parable of the Crimean Tatars' struggles. 21 June 2015. The Economist. 20 June 2015.
  4. Book: Zayets, Sergiy . Matviichuk, Oleksandra . Pechonchyk, Tetyana . Svyrydova, Dariya . Skrypnyk, Olga . The fear peninsula: chronicle of occupation and violation of human rights in Crimea. 2015. Crimea is Ukraine. 75.
  5. International Committee for Crimea – Surgun: Deportation of Crimean Tatars (18 May 1944)
  6. https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303647204579544140517990618 Crimean Prosecutor Threatens Tatar Council With Crackdown
  7. link broken Джемилев Мустафа
  8. https://books.google.com/books?id=7vjb-0eZ-wcC&pg=PA98 Ethnicity and Territory in the Former Soviet Union: Regions in Conflict (Cass Series in Regional & Federal Studies)
  9. https://books.google.com/books?id=K5aQKBQeTgMC&pg=PA194 Explaining the Low Intensity of Ethnopolitical Conflict in Ukraine
  10. http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/45040/ Dual p
  11. http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/53548/ Police opens case against criminal organization in Crimea
  12. Лидер крымских татар объявил об уходе из политики, Lenta.Ru (8 November 2011)
  13. http://www.day.kiev.ua/232476/ Mustafa Dzhemiliov is number 12 on the list of the United Opposition “Fatherland”
  14. http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/126937/ Party of Regions gets 185 seats in Ukrainian parliament, Batkivschyna 101 – CEC
  15. http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/233747.html General official results of Rada election
  16. Web site: Десятка партії Порошенка: Парубій, Геращенко, Джемілєв.
  17. https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-elections/2748306-cec-counts-100-percent-of-vote-in-ukraines-parliamentary-elections.html CEC counts 100 percent of vote in Ukraine's parliamentary elections
  18. Web site: Офіційний портал Верховної Ради України. itd.rada.gov.ua. 2020-05-25. 2021-01-24. https://web.archive.org/web/20210124164844/https://itd.rada.gov.ua/mps/info/page/2394. dead.
  19. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/26025327.asp Davutoğlu: Referandumun sonuçları kabul edilemez
  20. Web site: Crimean authorities move against Tatars and their leader. Euronews. 22 April 2014. 23 April 2014. 18 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918091052/https://www.euronews.com/2014/04/22/crimean-authorities-move-against-tatars-and-their-leader. dead.
  21. Web site: Гальперович, Данила. Golos-ameriki . ru:Мустафа Джемилев: арестовав меня заочно, Россия хочет не пустить меня домой. Mustafa Dzhemilev: by arresting me in absentia, Russia wants not to let me go home. Voice of America. 27 January 2016. ru.
  22. Web site: Mustafa Dzhemilev nominated for Nobel Peace Prize. KyivPost. 2 February 2011. 21 January 2016.
  23. News: Tatarstan NGOs Propose Crimean Tatar Leader For Nobel Peace Prize. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 25 April 2014 . 21 January 2016.
  24. Web site: Mustafa Dzhemilev for Nobel Peace Prize – Le Jeune Turc – My Telegraph. Le Jeune Turc – My Telegraph. 21 January 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160126064310/http://my.telegraph.co.uk/mbdincaslan/mbdincaslan/58/mustafa-dzhemilev-for-nobel-peace-prize/. 26 January 2016.
  25. Web site: Cumhurbaşkanı Gül'den, Kırım Tatarları Lideri Kırımoğlu'na Cumhuriyet Nişanı (Turkish). Presidency of Republic of Turkey. 15 April 2014. 23 April 2014.
  26. Web site: Mustafa Dżemilew pierwszym laureatem Nagrody Solidarności. 7 May 2014. 3 June 2014. Polish MFA. pl.
  27. Web site: Mustafa Dzhemilev wins first Solidarity Prize. www.msz.gov.pl. 2019-12-31.
  28. Web site: Del Lietuvos Respublikos ir uzsienio valstybiu pilieciu apdovanolimo lietuvos valstybes ordinais ir medaliais liepos 6-osios – valstybes dienos proga. President of the Republic of Lithuania. May 25, 2020.
  29. Web site: Президент привітав лідера кримськотатарського народу Мустафу Джемілєва з ювілеєм — Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України. https://web.archive.org/web/20190422015736/https://www.president.gov.ua/news/prezident-privitav-lidera-krimskotatarskogo-narodu-mustafu-d-51022. dead. 2019-04-22. 2019-04-22. 2020-05-25.
  30. Web site: Dzhemilev, three other Crimean Tatars receive Poland's state awards. Ukrinform. February 28, 2021.
  31. https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/7492023-48873 Decree of the president of Ukraine NO. 749/2023