List of scientists in medieval Islamic world explained
Islamic scientific achievements encompassed a wide range of subject areas, especially medicine, mathematics, astronomy, agriculture as well as physics, economics, engineering and optics.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Muslim scientists who have contributed significantly to science and civilization in the Islamic Golden Age (i.e. from the 8th century to the 14th century) include:
Astronomers and astrologers
Physiologists
- Ibn Sirin (654–728), author of work on dreams and dream interpretation
- Al-Kindi (801–873) (Alkindus), pioneer of psychotherapy and music therapy
- Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari (9th century), pioneer of psychiatry, clinical psychiatry and clinical psychology
- Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi (850–934), pioneer of mental health, medical psychology, cognitive psychology, cognitive therapy, psychophysiology and psychosomatic medicine
- Al-Farabi (872–950) (Alpharabius), pioneer of social psychology and consciousness studies
- Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (936–1013) (Abulcasis), pioneer of neurosurgery
- Ibn al-Haytham (965–1040) (Alhazen), founder of experimental psychology, psychophysics, phenomenology and visual perception
- Al-Biruni (973–1050), pioneer of reaction time
- Avicenna (980–1037) (Ibn Sīnā), pioneer of neuropsychiatry, thought experiment, self-awareness and self-consciousness
- Ibn Zuhr (1094–1162) (Avenzoar), pioneer of neurology and neuropharmacology
- Averroes, pioneer of Parkinson's disease
- Ibn Tufail (1126–1198), pioneer of tabula rasa and nature versus nurture
Chemists and alchemists
Economists and social scientists
See also: List of Muslim historians and Historiography of early Islam.
- Abu Hanifa an-Nu‘man (699–767), Islamic jurisprudence scholar
- Abu Yusuf (731–798), Islamic jurisprudence scholar
- Al-Saghani (–990), one of the earliest historians of science
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī (973–1048), Anthropology", Indology
- Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) (980–1037), economist
- Ibn Miskawayh (932–1030), economist
- Al-Ghazali (Algazel) (1058–1111), economist
- Al-Mawardi (1075–1158), economist
- Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī (Tusi) (1201–1274), economist
- Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), sociologist
- Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), forerunner of social sciences such as demography, cultural history, historiography, philosophy of history, sociology and economics
- Al-Maqrizi (1364–1442), economist
Geographers and earth scientists
Mathematicians
Philosophers
Physicists and engineers
- Mimar Sinan (1489–1588), also known as Koca Mi'mâr Sinân Âğâ
- Jafar al-Sadiq, 8th century
- Banū Mūsā (Ben Mousa), 9th century
- Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman), 9th century
- Al-Saghani (d. 990)
- Abū Sahl al-Qūhī (Kuhi), 10th century
- Ibn Sahl, 10th century
- Ibn Yunus, 10th century
- Al-Karaji, 10th century
- Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen), 11th century Iraqi scientist, optics, and experimental physics
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, 11th century, pioneer of experimental mechanics
- Ibn Sīnā/Seena (Avicenna), 11th century
- Al-Khazini, 12th century
- Ibn Bajjah (Avempace), 12th century
- Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat al-Baghdaadi (Nathanel), 12th century
- Ibn Rushd (Averroes), 12th century Andalusian mathematician, philosopher and medical expert
- Al-Jazari, 13th century civil engineer
- Nasir al-Din Tusi, 13th century
- Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi, 13th century
- Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī, 13th century
- Ibn al-Shatir, 14th century
See also
References
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Notes and References
- [George Saliba|Saliba, George]
- King . David A. . 1983 . The Astronomy of the Mamluks . . 74 . 4 . 531–55 . 10.1086/353360 . 144315162.
- Hassan, Ahmad Y. 1996. "Factors Behind the Decline of Islamic Science After the Sixteenth Century." Pp. 351–99 in Islam and the Challenge of Modernity, edited by S. S. Al-Attas. Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
- Web site: Contributions of Islamic scholars to the scientific enterprise.
- Web site: The greatest scientific advances from the Muslim world. . February 2010 .
- Encyclopedia: Mas'udi, al- . Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006 .
