| Museo Nao Victoria (Chile) | |
| Established: | 2011 |
| Location: | Punta Arenas, Chile |
| Type: | Maritime museum |
| Website: | https://www.registromuseoschile.cl/663/w3-article-83699.html |
The Nao Victoria Museum is a private maritime museum located in Punta Arenas, Chile. It has been open to the public since 1 October 2011. The museum offers interactive displays featuring replicas of the ships that contributed to the discovery of the area, helped colonize the territory, or had a special and historic heritage significance for the Magallanes Region of Chile. The replicas were built using traditional shipbuilding techniques.
The main collection of the museum is the full-size replicas of historic ships on display along the Straits of Magellan. Replicas of weapons and ancient navigation tools are also exhibited, as well as copies of documents and books relating to the historic ships and an outdoor shipbuilding workshop.
Today the museum has three ship replicas:
The Victoria was a nao (carrack) long and wide, part of the fleet commanded by Ferdinand Magellan that carried first Europeans to discover the waterway around southern tip of South America. Later, commanded by Juan Sebastian Elcano, she was the only ship of the five to complete the first-time circumnavigation of the globe. Commanded by Duarte Barbosa, the Victoria participated in the discovery by Europeans of Chile, being the first to explore the region, in 1520, and discovering or naming Patagonia, Cape Virgenes, the Straits of Magellan, Tierra del Fuego, the Pacific Ocean and other landmarks.
James Caird was a lifeboat of the Endurance, adapted by carpenter Harry McNish to sail from Elephant Island to South Georgia Island during Sir Ernest Shackleton's 1916 Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. A party of six, including Shackleton and Frank Worsley, made their way for 17 days and 1,300 km (800 miles) across the notorious Drake Passage, battling gales and icing, with Worsley navigating based sextant readings of the seldom visible sun taken from the pitching boat. They succeeded in hitting South Georgia and obtained rescue for the stranded expedition.
Ancud was the ship that, under an 1843 mandate of the President of Chile, Manuel Bulnes, claimed the Strait of Magellan on behalf of Chile's newly independent government, building Fort Bulnes. The commander of the schooner was Captain John Williams Wilson. On 31 December 2011, the museum announced the construction of a replica of the schooner in its shipbuilding workshop;[1] the replica Ancud was opened to public on 5 September 2012.
, a British Navy brig-sloop, was converted into an exploration vessel. The most famous of her three trips was the second one under the command of Captain FitzRoy. On board was the young Charles Darwin. HMS Beagle remained in the Magellan Region for almost three years, and the observations made by Darwin were influential in the development of his theory of evolution. The construction of the full-size HMS Beagle replica started in November 2012.[2] Four years later, in November 2016, the museum announced that the vessel was completed.[3]
During summer 2013 the shipbuilding workshop of the museum built a one-third scale replica of an 18th-century galleon.[4]