Murder in Colorado law constitutes the unlawful killing, under circumstances defined by law, of people within or under the jurisdiction of the U.S. state of Colorado.
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that in the year 2020, the state had a murder rate somewhat below the median for the entire country.[1]
There are several types of first-degree murder in Colorado, those being:
First-degree murder in Colorado is punished only by life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. However, the death penalty is possible for intentional first-degree murder if the crime was committed before July 1, 2020, but the death penalty in Colorado has been abolished for all crimes after that date. Following Colorado abolishing the death penalty for all crimes after that date, Governor Jared Polis commuted all of Colorado's remaining death row prisoners' sentences to life-without-parole.[3]
Second-degree murder is defined as intentionally causing the death of another person without premeditation, and that the killing was not in the heat-of-passion, or causing the death of another person during the commission or attempted commission of a felony under Colorado's felony murder rule. It is punishable by 16 to 48 years in prison.[2]
In Colorado, the common law felony murder rule has been codified in Colorado Revised Statutes ยง 18-3-103. As of September 15, 2021, the statute classifies a homicide as second degree murder when committed during one of these predicate felonies:[4]
For the reason above, Colorado's felony murder rule is unique compared to some other states' felony murder rules, in that it does not allow a person to be charged with felony murder if the person that died during the felony was a co-conspirator to the felony.
Heat-of-passion second-degree murder is defined as a mitigated version of intentional second-degree murder, in which the perpetrator intentionally caused the death of another person in the sudden heat-of-passion, commonly known in other jurisdictions as voluntary manslaughter. It is punishable by 4 to 12 years in prison.[2]
| Offense | Mandatory sentencing | |
|---|---|---|
| Criminally negligent homicide | 1 to 3 years in prison | |
| Manslaughter | 2 to 6 years in prison | |
| Second-degree vehicular homicide | ||
| First-degree vehicular homicide | 4 to 12 years in prison | |
| Heat-of-passion second-degree murder | ||
| Second-degree murder | 16 to 48 years in prison | |
| First-degree murder |
|