Undecaprenyldiphospho-muramoylpentapeptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase explained

undecaprenyldiphospho-muramoylpentapeptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
Ec Number:	2.4.1.227
Cas Number:	60976-26-3
Go Code:	0050511

In enzymology, an undecaprenyldiphospho-muramoylpentapeptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine + Mur₂Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphosphoundecaprenol

\rightleftharpoons UDP + GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur₂Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphosphoundecaprenol

The 2 substrates of this enzyme are UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphosphoundecaprenol, whereas its 2 products are UDP and Lipid II.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:N-acetyl-alpha-D-muramyl(oyl-L-Ala-gamma- D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphosphoundecaprenol beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminlytransferase. Another name in common use is MurG transferase. This enzyme participates in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.

Variant reactions producing modified cell walls include (not muturally exclusive):

• Replacement of lysine residue with meso-diaminopimelate combined with adjacent residues through its L-centre, as it is in Gram-negative and some Gram-positive organisms.^[1]
• Use of mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl instead of the conventional di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenol moiety, as found in Mycobacterium.^[2]

References

• van Heijenoort J . Recent advances in the formation of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer unit . Natural Product Reports . 18 . 5 . 503–19 . October 2001 . 11699883 . 10.1039/a804532a .

Notes and References

1. Web site: MetaCyc EC 2.4.1.227 . biocyc.org.
2. Web site: MetaCyc EC 2.4.1.227 . biocyc.org.