The Muniz M-9 was a two-seat training biplane with tandem open cockpit and powered by a 200 hp (149 kW) 130 hp (197 kW) de Havilland Gipsy Six engine. Designed by Lieutenant-Colonel Antônio Muniz, a serving officer in the Brazilian Air Force, as an advanced trainer and was a development of his earlier M-7 primary trainer. The flight of the first production aircraft was on 24 December, 1938, and an order for 20 aircraft was placed in 1939. 20 more aircraft were ordered in September 1940, but the de Havilland Gipsy Six engines were unavailable due to World War II. 190 HP Ranger L-440 6-440C-4 engines were substituted, resulting in delayed deliveries. The M-9 was used for training until 1952.[1]