Multicrustacea Explained

The clade^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] Multicrustacea constitutes the largest superclass of crustaceans, containing approximately four-fifths of all described non-hexapod crustacean species, including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, prawns, woodlice, barnacles, copepods, amphipods, mantis shrimp and others. The largest branch of multicrustacea is the class Malacostraca (see below).

Classification

Superclass Multicrustacea Regier, Shultz, Zwick, Hussey, Ball, Wetzer, Martin & Cunningham, 2010

Family Priscansermarinidae Newman, 2004
Class Copepoda Milne-Edwards, 1840 – Copepods
- Infra-class Neocopepoda Huys & Boxshall, 1991
  - Super-order Gymnoplea Giesbrecht, 1882
    - Order Calanoida Sars GO, 1903
  - Super-order Podoplea Giesbrecht, 1882
    - Order Cyclopoida Burmeister, 1834
    - Order Gelyelloida Huys, 1988
    - Order Harpacticoida G. O. Sars, 1903
    - Order Misophrioida Gurney, 1933
    - Order Monstrilloida Sars, 1901
    - Order Mormonilloida Boxshall,1979
    - Order Polyarthra Lang, 1944 (=Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 )

- - - Order Siphonostomatoida Thorell, 1859
- Infra-class Progymnoplea Lang, 1948
  - Order Platycopioida Fosshagen, 1985
Class Thecostraca Gruvel, 1905
- Subclass Ascothoracida Lacaze-Duthiers, 1880
  - Order Dendrogastrida Grygier, 1987
  - Order Laurida Grygier, 1987
- Subclass Cirripedia Burmeister, 1834
  - Infraclass Acrothoracica Gruvel, 1905
    - Order Cryptophialida Kolbasov, Newman & Hoeg, 2009
    - Order Lithoglyptida Kolbasov, Newman & Hoeg, 2009
  - Infraclass Rhizocephala Müller, 1862
  - Infraclass Thoracica Darwin, 1854
    - Superorder Phosphatothoracica Gale, 2019
      - Order Iblomorpha Buckeridge & Newman, 2006
      - Order Eolepadomorpha Chan et al., 2021
    - Superorder Thoracicalcarea Gale, 2015
      - Order Balanomorpha Pilsbry, 1916
      - Order Calanticomorpha Chan et al., 2021
      - Order Pollicipedomorpha Chan et al., 2021
      - Order Scalpellomorpha Buckeridge & Newman, 2006
      - Order Verrucomorpha Pilsbry, 1916
      - Order Archaeolepadomorpha Chan et al., 2021
      - Order Brachylepadomorpha Withers, 1923
- Subclass Facetotecta Grygier, 1985
Class Tantulocarida Boxshall & Lincoln, 1983
- Family Basipodellidae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1983
- Family Cumoniscidae Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis, 1923 (=Deoterthridae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987)
- Family Doryphallophoridae Huys, 1991
- Family Microdajidae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987
- Family Onceroxenidae Huys, 1991
Class Malacostraca Latreille, 1802
- Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892
  - Superorder Eucarida Calman, 1904
    - Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 – crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp and prawns (includes former order Order Amphionidacea Williamson, 1973)
    - Order Euphausiacea Dana, 1852 – krill
  - Superorder Peracarida Calman, 1904
    - Order Amphipoda Latreille, 1816 – amphipodes, gammares
    - Order Bochusacea Gutu & Iliffe, 1998
    - Order Cumacea Krøyer, 1846 – cumaceae
    - Order Ingolfiellida Hansen, 1903
    - Order Isopoda Latreille, 1817 – isopods (including clover)
    - Order Lophogastrida Sars, 1870 – lophogastrides
    - Order Mictacea Bowman, Garner, Hessler, Iliffe & Sanders, 1985 – mictacés
    - Order Mysida Haworth, 1825 – mysidacés
      - Order Pygocephalomorpha Order Spelaeogriphacea Gordon, 1957 – spelaeogriphaceae
    - Order Stygiomysida Tchindonova, 1981 – stygiomysides
    - Order Tanaidacea Dana, 1849 – tanaidaceae
    - Order Thermosbaenacea Monod, 1927 – thermosbaenaceae
  - Superorder Syncarida Packard, 1879
    - Order Anaspidacea Calman, 1904
    - Order Bathynellacea Chappuis, 1915
    - Order Palaeocaridacea Brooks, 1962
- Subclass Hoplocarida Calman, 1904
  - Order Stomatopoda Latreille, 1817 – shrimps-mantes
- Subclass Phyllocarida Packard, 1879
  - Order Archaeostraca Claus, 1888
  - Order Canadaspidida Novozhilov, 1960
  - Order Hoplostraca Schram, 1973
  - Order Hymenostraca Rolfe, 1969
  - Order Leptostraca Claus, 1880
  - Genus Nothozoe Barrande, 1872
Incertae sedis

Notes:

Fossil record

The earliest fossils representative of Multicrustacea are from the Cambrian.^[5] However, the more specific timeline is uncertain. Some Cambrian fossils of uncertain taxonomic placement, such as those of Priscansermarinus, are nonetheless likely to be members of Multicrustacea.

Taxonomic references

Notes and references

↑ World Register of Marine Species, accessed 13 April 2016

Notes and References

J. C. Regier . J. W. Shultz . R. E. Kambic . 22 February 2005 . Pancrustacean phylogeny: hexapods are terrestrial crustaceans and maxillopods are not monophyletic . . 272 . 395–401 . 10.1098/rspb.2004.2917 . 15734694 . 1561 . 1634985.
Jerome C. Regier . Jeffrey W. Shultz . Andreas Zwick . April Hussey . Bernard Ball . Regina Wetzer . Joel W. Martin . Clifford W. Cunningham . 25 February 2010 . Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences . . 463 . 1079–1083 . 10.1038/nature08742 . 20147900 . 7284. 2010Natur.463.1079R . 4427443 .
Bjoern M. von Reumont . Ronald A. Jenner . Matthew A. Wills . Emiliano Dell'Ampio . Günther Pass . Ingo Ebersberger . Benjamin Meyer . Stefan Koenemann . Thomas M. Iliffe . Alexandros Stamatakis . Oliver Niehuis . Karen Meusemann . Bernhard Misof . March 2012 . Pancrustacean phylogeny in the light of new phylogenomic data: support for Remipedia as the possible sister group of Hexapoda . . 29 . 3 . 1031–1045 . 10.1093/molbev/msr270 . 22049065. free .
Todd H. Oakley . Joanna M. Wolfe . Annie R. Lindgren . Alexander K. Zaharoff . January 2013 . Phylotranscriptomics to bring the understudied into the fold: monophyletic ostracoda, fossil placement, and pancrustacean phylogeny . . 30 . 215–233 . 10.1093/molbev/mss216 . 22977117 . 1. free .
Collette, Joseph H. . Hagadorn, James W. . 2010 . Early evolution of phyllocarid arthropods: phylogeny and systematics of Cambrian–Devonian archaeostracans . . 84 . 5 . 795–820 . 10.1666/09-092.1. 2010JPal...84..795C. 85074218 .