Mubah Explained
Mubāḥ (Arabic: مباح) is an Arabic word roughly meaning "permitted",[1] which has technical uses in Islamic law.
In uṣūl al-fiqh, mubāḥ is one of the five degrees of approval (ahkam):
- (Arabic: واجب / فرض) - compulsory, obligatory
- (Arabic: مستحب) - recommended
- (Arabic: مباح) - neutral, not involving God's judgment
- (Arabic: مكروه) - disliked, reprehensible
- (Arabic: محظور / حرام) - forbidden
Mubah is commonly translated as "neutral" or "permitted" in English.,[2] [3] "indifferent"[4] or "(merely) permitted".[5] It refers to an action that is not mandatory, recommended, reprehensible or forbidden, and thus involves no judgement from God. Assigning acts to this legal category reflects a deliberate choice rather than an oversight on the part of jurists.
In Islamic property law, the term mubāḥ refers to things which have no owner. It is similar to the concept res nullius used in Roman law and common law.[6]
See also
- , a similar concept in Stoicism
Notes and References
- Book: Hans Wehr, J. Milton Cowan. 1976 . A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic. Spoken Language Services. 3rd. 81.
- Encyclopedia: Knut S.. Vikør. Sharīʿah. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics. Oxford University Press. Emad El-Din Shahin. 2014. 2017-05-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20140604214623/http://bridgingcultures.neh.gov/muslimjourneys/items/show/226. 2014-06-04. dead.
- Book: Wael B. Hallaq. Wael Hallaq. Sharī'a: Theory, Practice, Transformations. 2009. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). Loc. 2160.
- Encyclopedia: Baber Johansen. Islamic Law. Legal and Ethical Qualifications. The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History. Oxford University Press. Oxford. 2009. Stanley N. Katz. subscription .
- Encyclopedia: Encyclopedia of Islam. Halal. Juan Eduardo Campo. Infobase Publishing. 2009. 284.
- Encyclopedia: Ersilia Francesca. Possession. Yad in Islamic Law. The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History. Oxford University Press. Oxford. 2009. Stanley N. Katz. subscription .
