| Mascara Province | |
| Native Name: | ولاية معسكر |
| Native Name Lang: | ar |
| Type: | Province |
| Map Caption1: | Map of the 16 districts of Mascara |
| Coordinates: | 35.4°N 8°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Algeria |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Mascara, Algeria |
| Leader Title: | PPA president |
| Leader Title1: | Wāli |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 5941 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 780959 |
| Population As Of: | 2008 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +01 |
| Iso Code: | DZ-29 |
| Area Code Type: | Area Code |
| Area Code: | +213 (0) 45 |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Districts |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 16 |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Municipalities |
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | 47 |
Mascara (Arabic: معسكر , Berber languages: ⵎⵄⴻⵙⴽⴻⵔ ) is a province (wilaya) in Algeria. It was named after its capital, whose name is Arabic for "military garrison". It is unsure whether the place is related to "mascara", the cosmetic. Another important locality is the town of Sig.
The province was created from parts of Mostaganem department and Oran (department) in 1974.
The province is divided into 16 districts (daïras), which are further divided into 47 communes or municipalities.
There was an earthquake in the capital of Mascara City on 18 August 1994. The 5.9 Mw oblique-slip shock left 159 dead, 289 injured, and 8,000–10,000 homeless.[2]