Stromboli Explained

Stromboli
Settlement Type:Island
Elevation M:924
Elevation Footnotes:[1]
Coordinates:38.7939°N 15.2111°W
Subdivision Type1:Country
Subdivision Name1:Italy
Subdivision Type2:Island grouping
Subdivision Name2:Aeolian Islands
Subdivision Type3:Region
Subdivision Name3:Sicily
Population As Of:2016
Population:500
Area Total Km2:12.6
Pushpin Map:Sicily#Italy#Europe

Stromboli (pronounced as /it/; Sicilian: Struògnuli in Sicilian pronounced as /ˈʂː(ɽ)wɔɲɲʊlɪ/) is an island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily, containing Mount Stromboli, one of the four active volcanoes in Italy. It is one of the seven Aeolian Islands, a volcanic arc north of Sicily, and the mythological home of Aeolus.[2]

The island, with an area of 12.6km2,[3] represents the upper third of the volcano. Its population was about 500 .[4] The volcano has erupted many times and is constantly active with minor eruptions, often visible from many points on the island and from the surrounding sea, giving rise to the island's nickname "Lighthouse of the Mediterranean".[5]

Etymology

The name Stromboli is derived from the Ancient Greek name Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: Strongýlē, (Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: Στρογγύλη) which was derived from Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: στρογγύλος (Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: strongýlos, 'round'), after the volcano's round, conical appearance when seen from a distance.[6] [7]

Height and shape

Stromboli stands 926m (3,038feet) above sea level,[8] and over 2700m (8,900feet) above the sea floor.[9]

The area of Stromboli island is 12.6km2.

As of June 2024, there are two active craters at the peak, each with multiple vents showing volcanic activity and lava flows.[10]

The Sciara del Fuoco ("stream of fire") is a big horseshoe-shaped depression created in the last 13,000 years by several collapses on the northwestern side of the cone. Approximately 2frac=4NaNfrac=4 northeast lies Strombolicchio, the volcanic plug remnant of the original volcano.

Volcano

Mount Stromboli has been in almost continuous eruption for the past 2,000–5,000 years; its last serious one occurred in 1921. A pattern of eruption is maintained in which explosions occur at the summit craters, with mild to moderate eruptions of incandescent volcanic bombs, a type of tephra, at intervals ranging from minutes to hours. This pattern of Strombolian eruption, as it is known, is also observed at other volcanoes worldwide.

Eruptions from the summit craters typically result in a few short, mild, but energetic bursts, ranging up to a few hundred meters in height, containing ash, incandescent lava fragments, and stone blocks. Stromboli's activity is almost exclusively explosive, but lava flows do occur at times when volcanic activity is high: an effusive eruption occurred in 2002, the first in 17 years, and again in 2003, 2007, and 2013–14. Volcanic gas emissions from this volcano are measured by a multi-component gas analyzer system, which detects pre-eruptive degassing of rising magma, improving prediction of volcanic activity.[11]

On 3 July 2019, two major explosive events occurred at around 16:46 local time, alongside 20 additional minor explosive events identified by Italy's National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology. A hiker near the volcano's summit died after being struck by flying debris when the eruption began.[12] [13] [14] Additionally, 6 people suffered minor injuries due to the eruption.[15]

On 28 August 2019, at 10:16 local time, an explosive eruption sent a pyroclastic flow down the volcano's northern flank and into the sea, where it continued for several hundred meters before collapsing. The resulting ash column reached a height of 2000m (7,000feet).[16]

On 4 July 2024, Stromboli erupted along with Etna, as Protezione Civile issued the highest alert level.[17] [18]

Settlements

Two villages, San Bartolo and San Vincenzo, lie in the northeast, while the smaller village Ginostra lies in the southwest.[19] Administratively, they are one of the Italian: [[frazioni]] (unit of a commune and municipality) of Lipari, Messina.

In the early 20th century, a few thousand people inhabited the island,[20] but after several waves of emigration, the population has numbered a few hundred since the mid-1950s.[21] The population on the island was about 500 .

In addition to Italian, a derivative of the Sicilian dialect that is called Aeolian is generally spoken on this and the other Aeolian islands.[22]

In popular culture

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. 10260 . Stromboli, Italy . 20 July 2013.
  2. Web site: The Geography of Strabo . Strabo . A. . Meineke . Hamilton . H.C. . Falconer . W. . Leipzig . Teubner . 1877 . 1903 . Perseus Digital Library .
  3. Encyclopedia: Stromboli Island, Italy . Encyclopedia Britannica . Amy . Tikkanen . May 5, 2021.
  4. Web site: Isola di Stromboli . Italian . Stromboli Island . . 25 February 2016.
  5. Book: Natural Wonders of the World. Reader's Digest Association, Inc. 1980. 0-89577-087-3. Scheffel. Richard L.. United States. 360–361. Wernet. Susan J..
  6. Book: Strabo . Hamilton . H.C. . Falconer . W. . The Geography of Strabo . Bohn's classical library,v. 74-76 . 1892 . George Bell & Sons . London . 1 . 419 . footnote 4 of Book VI, Chapter II, §11.
  7. Book: Bunbury . Edward Herbert . Smith . William . Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography . 1856 . Walton and Maberly . London . 1 . 51–52 . Aeoliae Insulae . https://books.google.com/books?id=M_cJJF0qpgYC&pg=PA51.
  8. 211040 . Stromboli . 1 January 2009 .
  9. Tibaldi . A. . Corazzato . C. . Marani . M. . Gamberi . F. . 2009 . Subaerial-submarine evidence of structures feeding magma to Stromboli Volcano, Italy, and relations with edifice flank failure and creep. . . 469 . 1 . 112–136 . 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.01.031. 2009Tectp.469..112T . May 5, 2021.
  10. Web site: Global Volcanism Program Stromboli . 2024-07-10 . Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program . en.
  11. Web site: The 2007 eruption of Stromboli volcano: Insights from real-time measurement of the volcanic gas plume CO2/SO2 ratio . Aiuppa. Alessandro. Cinzia. Federico. Geatano. Giudice. Paolo. Papale . October 11, 2008 . Elsevier . September 27, 2016.
  12. Web site: Stromboli: One dead as volcano erupts on Italian island . . July 3, 2019 . July 3, 2019.
  13. News: Volcanic eruption rocks Italian island of Stromboli, kills 1 hiker . Marnie . Hunter . Darran . Simon . CNN . July 3, 2019 . July 3, 2019.
  14. News: Deadly Explosions Just Rocked Italy's Stromboli Volcano – Here's What Happened. Andrews. Robin . Forbes. en. July 3, 2019.
  15. News: Stromboli clears up ash after deadly volcano eruption . April 30, 2021 . July 4, 2019 . Giovanni . Isolino . Phys Org . en.
  16. Web site: Comunicato di attivita' vulcanica del 2019-08-28 11:41:57 (UTC) – Stromboli. . https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/1716786028369949/2316404518408094 . 2022-02-26 . limited. Volcanic activity announcement of 2019-08-28 11:41:57 at Stromboli . INGVvulcani . Facebook . it . August 29, 2019.
  17. Web site: Stato di attività e livelli di allerta del vulcano Stromboli . Protezione Civile . 4 July 2024 . it.
  18. Web site: Sicily closes airport as Etna and Stromboli volcanoes erupt . Al Jazeera . 6 July 2024 . en.
  19. Web site: Stromboli 1952–1953 – The village and the land . Alean. Jürg. Roberto Carniel . Marco Fulle . 2005-05-21. Stromboli online. 31 August 2010.
  20. Web site: Return of the Native to Stromboli. Loschiavo. LindaAnn. 31 August 2010. high point of 2,100 citizens in 1891.
  21. Web site: Stromboli 1952–1953 – Stromboli in 1952 and 53. Alean. Jürg. Roberto Carniel . Marco Fulle . 2005-05-21. Stromboli online. 31 August 2010.
  22. Web site: Lipari news e curiosita' dalle isole eolie . The Aeolian dialect and its linguistic influences . Francesca . Zampaglione . 10 August 2015 . Lipari News . Italian . 14 June 2021.
  23. Kilby . Clyde S . Plotz . Dick . Many Meetings with Tolkien: An Edited Transcript of Remarks at the December 1966 TSA Meeting . . Niekas Publications, New Hampshire, United States . 19 . 39–40 . 1968 . Clyde S. Kilby . Mythopoeic Society . Referred to at tolkienguide.com and by another publication of the Niekas editor.
  24. News: Wooldridge . Talia . 2017 . Alive with Rising Appalachia: A Conversation with Leah Smith . The Spill Magazine . 2021-12-30.

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